Kusukela ezigubhini nasezimpawini zentuthu kudala, kuya ezincwadini, ocingweni, umsakazweni nase-inthanethini namuhla.
Speaker notes
Yamukela ikilasi. Buza abafundi ukuthi bebengamtshela kanjani umngane okude izindaba ezinhle namuhla (ngocingo, ngomlayezo obhaliwe, noma ngevidiyo). Chaza ukuthi ukuxhumana kusho ukwabelana ngolwazi, nokuthi abantu bebehlale bekudinga lokhu - kodwa amathuluzi ashintshe kakhulu. Namuhla sihamba kusukela ezindleleni ezindala zokuxhumana kuze kufike ku-inthanethi.
Ukuxhumana yindlela esabelana ngayo ngolwazi nabanye abantu.
Nsuku zonke sabelana ngolwazi nabanye. Siyakhuluma, siyalalela, siyabhala futhi siyafunda. Sisebenzisa nezithombe, izimpawu nemisindo. Konke lokhu izindlela zokuxhumana.
- Sixhumana ukuze sicele usizo futhi sigcinane siphephile.
- Sixhumana ukuze sabelane ngezindaba, izindatshana nemizwa.
- Sixhumana ukuze sifunde kwabanye abantu futhi sibafundise.
Speaker notes
Gcina lokhu kucacile. Nikeza izibonelo ezilula: umama obiza ingane ukuze idle isidlo sakusihlwa, uthisha obhala ebhodini, umngane oshaya isandla ekubingeleleni. Veza ukuthi ukuxhumana kudinga umuntu othumela umlayezo nomuntu owamukelayo. Cela abafundi baqambe izindlela ezintathu abaxhumane ngazo ngaphambi kokuza esikoleni namuhla.
Kudala, ngaphambi kokubhala, abantu babelana ngakho konke ngokukhuluma.
Indlela endala kunazo zonke yokuxhumana ukukhuluma nokulalela. Abadala babexoxela izingane izindaba ukuze bazifundise ngomndeni wazo, umlando wazo nendlela yokuphila kahle. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isiko lomlomo - ukudlulisela ulwazi ngomlomo.
- Izindatshana, izingoma nezibongo zazikhunjulwa futhi zixoxwe kaninginingi.
- AbeSan nabaKhoi baseNingizimu Afrika badlulisela umlando wabo ngale ndlela.
- Olunye ulwazi alukaze lubhalwe phansi, kodwa alulahlekanga - lwalukhunjulwa futhi lwabelwane ngalo.
Speaker notes
Gcizelela ukuthi isiko lomlomo yindlela yangempela nethenjwayo yokugcina umlando, hhayi encane. Qaphela iphuzu le-SAHO lokuthi abokufika baseYurophu bokuqala babecabanga ngokungeyikho ukuthi uma kungekho izincwadi, wawungekho umlando - kodwa umlando wase-Afrika wawugcinwa ngokucophelela ezindabeni, ezinkumbulweni nasemasikweni adluliselwa ngabadala. Buza abafundi ukuthi imindeni yabo ixoxa iziphi izindaba.
Uwuthumela kanjani umlayezo kubantu abakude kakhulu ukuba bezwe izwi lakho?
Kudala, abantu bathola izindlela ezihlakaniphile zokuthumela imilayezo emibangweni emide. Izigubhu zazishaywa ngamaphethini akhethekile, futhi iphethini ngalinye litshele omakhelwane ngezindaba noma ngengozi. Izimpawu zentuthu nemililo kwakubonakala kude futhi kuxwayise abantu ngezinto okwakumele bazazi.
- Amaphethini ezigubhu ayengaxwayisa umuzi ukuthi kufika izivakashi noma ingozi.
- Intuthu emini nomlilo ebusuku kwakubonakala emibangweni emide.
- Izithunywa nazo zazigijima noma zigibele ukuze zithwale amazwi abalulekile zisuka kwenye indawo ziye kwenye.
Speaker notes
Yenza lokhu kucace futhi kubandakanye - ungashaya isigqi esilula bese ubuza ukuthi ikilasi lingakwazi yini 'ukufunda' iphethini eliphindaphindwayo. Chaza ukuthi lezi zimpawu zazisebenza ngoba wonke umuntu emphakathini wayevumelana ngokuthi iphethini noma uphawu ngalunye lusho ukuthini. Lokhu kusayiqiniso nanamuhla: ukuxhumana kusebenza kuphela uma sabelana ngekhodi, njengolimi.
Eminye yemilayezo emidala kunayo yonke eNingizimu Afrika yayidwetshwe emadwaleni.
AbeSan babedweba futhi baqophe izithombe emadwaleni nasezindongeni zemihume. Lo msebenzi wobuciko basemadwaleni wawukhombisa izilwane, ukuzingela nezehlakalo ezibalulekile. Izithombe zazabelana ngemibono nangezindaba, futhi eziningi zazo zisabonakala nanamuhla, ngemva kweminyaka eyizinkulungwane.
- Ubuciko basemadwaleni bungenye yezindlela ezindala kunazo zonke zokuxhumana okuqoshiwe.
- Izithombe zisitshela ngezilwane, izinkolelo nezimpilo zamaciko.
- Ngoba wawudwetshwe etsheni, umlayezo wahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Speaker notes
Xhumanisa ubuciko basemadwaleni nomqondo wokuqopha umlayezo ukuze uhlale. Ngokungafani nezwi elikhulunywayo elinyamalalayo, isithombe edwaleni siyahlala. Lesi yisinyathelo sokuqala esiya ekubhaleni. Uma indawo yakho inezindawo zobuciko basemadwaleni ezaziwayo, zibalule. Hlonipha: lezi yizindawo zamagugu ezibalulekile okumele zivikelwe.
Abantu bafunda ukuguqula imisindo nemibono ibe yizimpawu esizibiza ngokuthi ukubhala.
Eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eyedlule, abantu abanjengamaGibhithe asendulo baqala ukusebenzisa izimpawu ukumela izinto nemisindo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi eside lezi zimpawu zakhula zaba izinhlamvu zamagama - amaqoqo amancane ezinhlamvu esizihlanganisa ndawonye ukwenza amagama. Ukubhala kwenza abantu bakwazi ukugcina amarekhodi nokuthumela imilayezo enembile.
- Ukubhala kusho ukuthi umlayezo ungagcinwa futhi ufundwe futhi kamuva.
- Uhlu lwezinhlamvu lusebenzisa izinhlamvu ezimbalwa nje ukubhala noma yiliphi igama.
- Abantu babebhala ebumbeni, etsheni, ezikhumbeni zezilwane, futhi kamuva naphepheni.
Speaker notes
Yigcine ilula: ukubhala yindlela yokudweba amagama ethu ukuze ahlale futhi ahambe. Qhathanisa namaslayidi angaphambili - indaba ingakhohlakala noma ishintshe njalo lapho ixoxwa, kodwa ukubhala kugcina amagama afanayo. Ungakhombisa ikilasi ukuthi igama labo uqobo liwuhlu lwezinhlamvu zamagama. Leli slayidi lixhumanisa umhlaba omdala namathuluzi anamuhla alandelayo.
Isikhathi eside incwadi ngayinye kwakumele ikotshwe ngesandla, eyodwa ngesikhathi.
Cishe eminyakeni engama-600 eyedlule kwasungulwa umshini obizwa ngokuthi isicindezelo sokunyathelisa. Wawukwazi ukunyathelisa ikhasi elifanayo izikhathi eziningi, ngokushesha. Manje izincwadi namaphephandaba kwakungenziwa ngobuningi, ngakho abantu abaningi kakhulu babengafunda ulwazi olufanayo.
- Ngaphambi kokunyathelisa, izincwadi zazingavamile futhi zibiza kakhulu.
- Ukunyathelisa kwenza izincwadi zaba shibhile, ngakho abantu abaningi bafunda ukufunda.
- Amaphephandaba avumela abantu abaningi ukuba babelane ngezindaba ezifanayo ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Speaker notes
Gcizelela ushintsho olukhulu: ukunyathelisa kwavumela ulwazi ukuba lusabalale kubantu abaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, hhayi nje kubambalwa ababenezincwadi ezakotshwa ngesandla. Buza abafundi ukuthi basawabona kuphi amagama anyathelisiwe namuhla (izincwadi, amaphephandaba, amabhokisi okudla kwasekuseni, amaphosta). Qaphela ukuthi lokhu kwenza ukufunda nezindaba zatholakala kubantu abaningi kakhulu.
Uwathumela kanjani amagama akho kumuntu okwenye idolobha?
Abantu babhala izincwadi bazithumela ngohlelo lweposi. Izincwadi zazithwalwa abantu ngezinyawo, ngamahhashi, ngemikhumbi, kamuva ngesitimela nangebhanoyi. Incwadi yayingathwala amagama akho aqondile iwayise emndenini nakubangane abakude.
- Ufaka incwadi emvilophini bese wengeza isitembu nekheli.
- Ihhovisi leposi liqoqa izincwadi lizithumele endaweni efanele.
- Incwadi yayingathatha izinsuku noma amasonto ukufika endaweni ekude.
Speaker notes
Yenza uhlelo lweposi lubonakale luyiqiniso - abafundi abaningi basengase bathole amaphasela. Veza ikheli nesitembu 'njengekhodi' eyenza incwadi ifike ekhaya elifanele. Qhathanisa isikhathi sokulinda (izinsuku noma amasonto) nemilayezo yesikhathi samanje esheshayo, okuyisixhumanisi esihle kumaslayidi alandelayo.
Imishini emisha yenza imilayezo ihambe cishe njengombani, ilandela izintambo.
Itheligrafu yayithumela imilayezo njengezimpawu ezimfushane nezinde ezintanjeni isebenzisa ikhodi ekhethekile. Kwabe sekuthi ucingo, olwasungulwa ngo-1876, lwenza abantu bezwe amazwi omunye nomunye emibangweni emide. Okokuqala ngqa wawungakhuluma nomuntu okude ngaso leso sikhathi.
- Itheligrafu yayithumela imilayezo ngekhodi yamachashazi nemidwa.
- Ucingo lwenza abantu bakhulume balalele ngesikhathi sangempela.
- Le mishini yenza ukuxhumana kwashesha kakhulu kunencwadi.
Speaker notes
Izinga lebanga 4: gxila embonweni omkhulu wokuthi amazwi manje ayengahamba kude ngezintambo. Ungabalula u-Alexander Graham Bell njengomuntu oxhunywa nocingo ngo-1876. [SME] Qinisekisa usuku lokwethulwa kocingo netheligrafu eNingizimu Afrika uma usuku lwendawo ludingeka. Cela abafundi bacabange bezwa izwi likamkhulu noma likagogo okokuqala ngqa livela kude.
Manje imilayezo yayingafinyelela ezinkulungwaneni zabantu ngasikhathi sinye, ngaphandle kwezintambo.
Umsakazo uthumela umsindo emoyeni, ngakho abantu abaningi bangalalela izindaba ezifanayo, umculo nezindatshana ngasikhathi sinye. Kamuva, umabonakude wengeza izithombe ezinyakazayo emsindweni. ENingizimu Afrika, ukusakaza komsakazo kwaqala ngeminyaka yama-1930 kanti umabonakude waqala ngo-1976.
- Umsakazo waletha izindaba, umculo nezemidlalo emakhaya abantu.
- Umabonakude wengeza izithombe, ngakho sasingabona izehlakalo futhi sizizwe.
- Ukusakaza okukodwa kwakungafinyelela abantu abaningi ezweni lonke ngasikhathi sinye.
Speaker notes
Gqamisa ukweqa ekusakazeni: umlayezo owodwa ofinyelela izinkulungwane ngasikhathi sinye. [SME] Qinisekisa izinsuku zokusakaza zaseNingizimu Afrika - ukusakaza komsakazo eNingizimu Afrika ngokuvamile kubalwa eminyakeni yama-1920 kuya kwama-1930 (i-SABC yasungulwa ngo-1936) kanti umabonakude kazwelonke waqala ngo-1976; qinisekisa indlela eqondile ngaphambi kokukhiqiza. Buza abafundi ukuthi yikuphi abakusebenzisa kakhulu namuhla, umsakazo noma umabonakude, futhi kungani.
Namuhla singathumela amagama, izithombe namazwi emhlabeni wonke ngemizuzwana.
Amakhompyutha ne-inthanethi kuxhumanisa abantu emhlabeni wonke. Sithumela ama-imeyili nemilayezo, sabelane ngezithombe futhi senze izingcingo zevidiyo emndenini kwamanye amazwe. Amaselula enza sikwazi ukwenza konke lokhu sisemaphaketheni ethu, cishe noma kuphi lapho siya khona.
- I-inthanethi isenza sikwazi ukuthumela umlayezo emhlabeni wonke ngemizuzwana.
- Iselula lingashaya ucingo, lithumele umbhalo, lithathe izithombe futhi liye ku-inthanethi.
- Manje singabona futhi sizwe abantu abakude ngaso leso sikhathi esisodwa.
Speaker notes
Kuletshe ezimpilweni zabafundi uqobo - abaningi bazowazi kahle amaselula ne-inthanethi. Qaphela ukuthi i-inthanethi yasetshenziswa kabanzi ngeminyaka yama-1990 kanti namaselula avamile eNingizimu Afrika ngeminyaka yama-1990 futhi. [SME] Qinisekisa indlela eqondile yokwethulwa kwamaselula eNingizimu Afrika (amanethiwekhi eselula aqala ngo-1994) uma kusetshenziswa usuku. Buza: yini iselula elingayenza incwadi engeke ikwazi, futhi yini incwadi esengayenza kahle?
- Long ago Ukukhuluma, ukuxoxa izindaba, izigubhu nezimpawu zentuthu
- Long ago Ubuciko basemadwaleni obudwetshwe abeSan
- Ancient times Kuqala ukubhala nezinhlamvu zamagama
- About 1440 Isicindezelo sokunyathelisa senza izincwadi eziningi
- 1876 Ucingo lwenza amazwi ahambe kude
- 1930s Ukusakaza komsakazo kufinyelela emakhaya aseNingizimu Afrika
- 1976 Umabonakude uqala eNingizimu Afrika
- 1990s I-inthanethi namaselula asabalala kabanzi
Speaker notes
Sebenzisa leli slayidi ukubukeza uhambo lonke ngokulandelana. Veza iphethini: ekuqaleni imilayezo yayihamba kancane ifinyelele abantu abambalwa, kuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yaba sheshayo yafinyelela abantu abaningi. [SME] Izinsuku zomsakazo zama-1930 nesicindezelo sokunyathelisa sango-1440 yizinsuku zokufundisa ezilinganiselwe - qinisekisa ngaphambi kokukhiqiza. Buza abafundi ukuthi yiluphi usungulo abacabanga ukuthi lwashintsha izimpilo zabantu kakhulu.
Amathuluzi ashintshe kakhulu, kodwa isizathu sokuthi sixhumane sihlale sifana.
Kusafana
Sisaxhumana ukuze sabelane ngezindaba, sicele usizo, futhi sihlale seduze nabantu esibathandayo.
Kusheshe kakhulu
Umlayezo owawuthatha amasonto ngencwadi manje uthatha imizuzwana nje ku-inthanethi.
Kufinyelela abantu abaningi
Isigubhu sasifinyelela umuzi owodwa; i-inthanethi ingafinyelela umhlaba wonke.
Speaker notes
Veza umqondo we-CAPS woshintsho nokuqhubeka. Okushintshile: ijubane, ibanga nenani labantu esingafinyelela kubo. Okusale kufana: isidingo somuntu sokwabelana ngolwazi nokuhlala uxhumene. Lokhu kusiza abafundi babone umlando njengoshintsho nezinto eziqhubekayo ngokufanayo. Mema izibonelo ezivela emindenini yabo.
Ukuxhumana kukhulile kusukela ezindabeni ezikhulunywayo nasezigubhini kuze kufike ku-inthanethi - kodwa injongo yakho ihlala ifana.
Sihambe kusukela ekukhulumeni, ezigubhini nasezimpawini zentuthu, kuya ebucikweni basemadwaleni nasekubhaleni, kuya ekunyatheliseni, eposini, ocingweni, emsakazweni, kumabonakude futhi ekugcineni i-inthanethi namaselula. Ithuluzi ngalinye elisha lenza imilayezo yahamba ngokushesha yafinyelela abantu abaningi.
Q. Qamba izindlela ezimbili abantu ababexhumana ngazo kudala, ngaphambi kokubhala. (2 marks)
Q. Chaza ukuthi ucingo lwaguqula kanjani indlela abantu ababexhumana ngayo. (3 marks)
Q. Khetha ithuluzi elilodwa lesimanje (umsakazo, umabonakude, i-inthanethi noma iselula) bese usho ukuthi kungani liwusizo. (3 marks)
Speaker notes
Sebenzisa imibuzo emithathu njengokubukeza okukhulunywayo noma okubhaliwe. Izimpendulo eziphakanyisiwe: (1) noma yiziphi ezimbili kokukhuluma/ukuxoxa izindaba, izigubhu, izimpawu zentuthu, izithunywa, ubuciko basemadwaleni; (2) lwenza abantu bezwe amazwi omunye nomunye emibangweni emide, ngaso leso sikhathi, esikhundleni sokulinda incwadi; (3) yamukela noma yisiphi isizathu esinengqondo - lifinyelela abantu abaningi, ngokushesha, liletha izindaba futhi lisenza sihlale sixhumene. Phetha ngokucela abafundi bacabange ukuthi ukuxhumana kungabukeka kanjani lapho sebekhulile.
- Grade
- Grade 4
- Subject
- History
- CAPS topic
- Communication through time
- Resource type
- Presentation