Kusukela etigujini nasetimphawini tentfutfu kadzeni, kuya etincwadzini, kulucingo, kumsakato nase-inthanethini lamuhla.
Speaker notes
Yemukela liklasi. Buta bafundzi kutsi bebatawutjela njani umngani lokhashane ngeliphuzu lelihle lamuhla (ngekushaya lucingo, ngekubhala umbiko, ngevidiyo). Chaza kutsi kucumana kusho kwabelana ngemniningwane, nekutsi bantfu bebasoloko badzinga kukwenta loku - kodvwa emathulusi ashintje kakhulu. Lamuhla sihamba kusukela etindleleni tekucumana letindzala kakhulu kuya e-inthanethini.
Kucumana yindlela lesabelana ngayo ngemniningwane nalabanye bantfu.
Onkhe malanga sabelana ngemniningwane nalabanye. Siyakhuluma, siyalalela, siyabhala futsi siyafundza. Siphindze sisebentise titfombe, timphawu nemisindvo. Konkhe loku tindlela tekucumana.
- Sicumana kute sicele lusito nekuvikela munye nomunye.
- Sicumana kute sabelane ngetindzaba, tindzatjana nemizwa.
- Sicumana kute sifundze kulabanye bantfu nekubafundzisa.
Speaker notes
Gcina loku kucacile. Niketa tibonelo lelula: make lobita umntfwana kutsi atewudla, thishela lobhala ebhodini, umngani logigitela abingelela. Khombisa kutsi kucumana kudzinga umuntfu lotfumela umbiko nomuntfu lowemukela umbiko. Buta bafundzi kutsi babale tindlela letintsatfu labacumene ngato ngaphambi kwesikolo lamuhla.
Kadzeni, ngaphambi kwekubhala, bantfu bebabelana ngako konkhe ngekukhuluma.
Indlela lendzala kakhulu yekucumana kukhuluma nekulalela. Bantfu labadzala bebabalisa tindzatjana kute bafundzise bantfwana ngemndeni wabo, umlandvo wabo nekutsi kuphilwa njani kahle. Loku kubitwa ngekutsi lisiko lelikhulunywako - kwedlulisa lwati ngemlomo.
- Tindzatjana, tingoma netibongo betikhunjulwa tibuye tibaliswe ngekuphindzaphindza.
- BeSan nemaKhoi baseNingizimu Afrika bawedlulisa ngalendlela umlandvo wabo.
- Lolunye lwati alukaze lubhalwe phansi, kodvwa alukalahleki - lwakhunjulwa lwaphindze lwabelwana.
Speaker notes
Gcizelela kutsi lisiko lelikhulunywako yindlela leyiliciniso neletsembekile yekugcina umlandvo, hhayi lencono kancane. Caphela liphuzu le-SAHO lekutsi bahlali baseYurophu bakcala bacabanga ngendlela lengasiyo kutsi nangabe kute tincwadzi, kute umlandvo - kodvwa umlandvo wase-Afrika wawugcinwa ngekunakekela etindzatjaneni, etinkhumbulweni nasemasikweni ladluliswa bantfu labadzala. Buta bafundzi kutsi ngutiphi tindzatjana leticanjwa yimindeni yabo.
Utfumela njani umbiko kubantfu labakhashane kakhulu kangangekutsi bangeke belive livi lakho?
Kadzeni, bantfu batfola tindlela letihlakaniphile tekutfumela imibiko emabangeni lamadze. Tigubhu betishaywa ngetindlela letitsite, futsi ngulendlela nendlela beyitjela bomakhelwane ngetindzaba nome ngengoti. Timphawu tentfutfu nemililo bekungabonwa khashane futsi kwecwayisa bantfu ngetintfo lekufanele batati.
- Tindlela tekushaya sigubhu betingecwayisa lidolobhana kutsi kufika tivakashi nome ingoti.
- Intfutfu emini nemlilo ebusuku bekungabonwa emabangeni lamadze.
- Betfunywa nabo bebagijima nome bagibele kute batfwale emavi labalulekile kusuka kuleyo kuya kuleyondzawo.
Speaker notes
Yenta loku kuphile futsi kubandzakanye - ungashaya tandla ngesigqi lesilula bese ubuta kutsi liklasi lingakhona yini 'kufundza' indlela lephindzaphindzwako. Chaza kutsi letimphawu betisebenta ngobe wonkhe umuntfu emphakatsini bavumelana kutsi ngulendlela nome luphawu lusho kutsini. Loku kusaliciniso nalamuhla: kucumana kusebenta kuphela nasabelana ngekhodi, njengelulwimi.
Leminye yemibiko lemidzala kakhulu eNingizimu Afrika beyipendvwe edvwaleni.
BeSan bebapenda futsi babaza titfombe emadvwaleni nasetibondzeni temigedze. Lobu buciko bemadvwala babukhombisa tilwane, kutingela netehlakalo letibalulekile. Titfombe betabelana ngemibono netindzatjana, letinyenti tato tisengabonwa nalamuhla, emakhulwini eminyaka ngemuva.
- Buciko bemadvwala kunye kwetindlela letindzala kakhulu tekucumana lokugcinwe phansi.
- Titfombe titsisela ngetilwane, tinkholelo netimphilo tebaciko.
- Ngobe babupendwe etjeni, umbiko wahlala sikhatsi lesidze kakhulu.
Speaker notes
Hlanganisa buciko bemadvwala nembono wekugcina umbiko kute uhlale. Ngalokungafani nelivi lelikhulunywako lelinyamalalako, sitfombe edvwaleni sihlala khona. Lesi sinyatselo sekucala kuya ekubhaleni. Nangabe indzawo yenu inetindzawo tebuciko bemadvwala letatiwako, tibale. Hlonipha: leti tindzawo telifa letibalulekile lekufanele tivikelwe.
Bantfu bafundza kuguculela imisindvo nemibono kube timphawu lesitibita ngekutsi kubhala.
Emakhulwini eminyaka leyengcile, bantfu labanjenge maGibhithe asendvulo bacala kusebentisa timphawu kutsi timele tintfo nemisindvo. Ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi lesidze letimphawu takhula taba tinhlamvu temagama (i-alfabhethi) - emacembu lamancane etinhlamvu lesitihlanganisa kute sente emagama. Kubhala kwavumela bantfu kugcina imirekhodi nekutfumela imibiko lecondzile.
- Kubhala kusho kutsi umbiko ungagcinwa uphindze ufundvwe futsi ngemuva.
- I-alfabhethi isebentisa tinhlamvu letimbalwa nje kubhala noma nguliphi ligama.
- Bantfu babhala ebumbeni, etjeni, etikhumbeni tetilwane futsi ngemuva ephepheni.
Speaker notes
Kugcine kulula: kubhala yindlela yekudvweba emavi etfu kute ahlale futsi ahambe. Catanisa netitfombe letingcile - indzatjana ingakhohlakala nome ishintje njalo nayibaliswa, kodvwa kubhala kugcina emavi lafanako. Ungakhombisa liklasi kutsi ligama labo lakhiwe ngumugca wetinhlamvu te-alfabhethi. Lesitfombe sihlanganisa umhlaba lomdzala nemathulusi anyalo lalandzelako.
Sikhatsi lesidze yonkhe incwadzi beyifanele ikhotjhwe ngesandla, yinye ngesikhatsi.
Cishe eminyakeni lengema-600 leyengcile kwasungulwa umshini lobitwa ngekutsi umshini wekushicelela. Bewukhona kushicelela likhasi lelifanako emahlandla lamanyenti, ngekushesha. Manje tincwadzi nemaphephandzaba bekungentiwa ngetinombolo letinkhulu, ngako bantfu labanyenti bebangafundza umniningwane lofanako.
- Ngaphambi kwekushicelela, tincwadzi betingekho kalula futsi betibita imali lenyenti kakhulu.
- Kushicelela kwenta tincwadzi tashibha, ngako bantfu labanyenti bafundza kufundza.
- Emaphephandzaba avumela bantfu labanyenti kwabelana ngetindzaba letifanako ngesikhatsi lesifanako.
Speaker notes
Gcizelela lushintjo lolukhulu: kushicelela kwavumela umniningwane kutsatalaliswa kubantfu labanyenti ngasikhatsi sinye, hhayi kubantfu labambalwa lababenetincwadzi letikhotjhwe ngesandla. Buta bafundzi kutsi basawabona kuphi emagama lashiceleliwe lamuhla (tincwadzi, emaphephandzaba, emabhokisi ekudla kwasekuseni, emaphosta). Caphela kutsi loku kwenta kufundza netindzaba kwatfolakala kubantfu labanyenti kakhulu.
Utfumela njani emavi akho kumuntfu lokulelinye lidolobha?
Bantfu babhala tincwadzi batitfumela ngendlela yeposi. Tincwadzi betitfwalwa bantfu ngetinyawo, ngemahhashi, ngemikhumbi futsi ngemuva ngesitimela nangendiza. Incwadzi beyingatfwala emavi akho lacondzile kumndeni nakubangani labakhashane.
- Ufaka incwadzi emvilophini bese wengeta sitembu nelikheli.
- Lihhovisi leposi cocela tincwadzi bese titfumela endzaweni lelungile.
- Incwadzi beyingatsatsa emalanga nome emaviki kuze ifike khashane.
Speaker notes
Yenta indlela yeposi ibonakale iyiliciniso - bafundzi labanyenti basengase batfole emaphasela. Khombisa likheli nesitembu njenge'khodi' leyenta incwadzi ifike ekhaya lelilungile. Catanisa sikhatsi sekulindza (emalanga nome emaviki) nemibiko yalamuhla lesheshako, lokuyinhlanganiso lenhle netitfombe letilandzelako.
Imishini lemisha yavumela imibiko kuhamba cishe kushesha njengembane, ngetintsambo.
I-thelegrafu yatfumela imibiko njengetimphawu letimfisha netidze ngetintsambo isebentisa ikhodi lekhetsekile. Ngako lucingo, lolwasungulwa nga-1876, lwavumela bantfu kuva emavi abo bodvwana emabangeni lamadze. Kwekucala nje wawungakhuluma nemuntfu lokhashane, ngaso lesosikhatsi.
- I-thelegrafu yatfumela imibiko ngekhodi yemachashazi nemidvwa.
- Lucingo lwavumela bantfu kukhuluma nekulalela ngesikhatsi sangempela.
- Lemishini yenta kucumana kusheshe kakhulu kunencwadzi.
Speaker notes
Lizinga leLibanga 4: gcizelela umbono lomkhulu wekutsi emavi manje bewungahamba khashane ngetintsambo. Ungabala Alexander Graham Bell njengemuntfu lohlobene nelucingo nga-1876. [SME] Cinisekisa lidethi yekwetfulwa kwelucingo ne-thelegrafu eNingizimu Afrika nangabe kudzingeka lidethi yasekhaya. Buta bafundzi kutsi bacabange kuva livi lagogo nome lamkhulu kwekucala nje bavela khashane.
Manje imibiko beyingafinyelela tinkhulungwane tebantfu ngasikhatsi sinye, ngaphandle kwetintsambo.
Umsakato utfumela umsindvo emoyeni, ngako bantfu labanyenti bangalalela tindzaba, umculo netindzatjana letifanako ngesikhatsi sinye. Ngemuva, ithelevishini yengeta titfombe letihambako emsindvweni. ENingizimu Afrika, kusakata komsakato kwacala ngema-1930 kanti ithelevishini yacala nga-1976.
- Umsakato waletsa tindzaba, umculo nemidlalo emakhaya ebantfu.
- Ithelevishini yengeta titfombe, ngako besingabona tehlakalo futsi sitive.
- Kusakatwa kunye bekungafinyelela bantfu labanyenti kuwo wonkhe live ngasikhatsi sinye.
Speaker notes
Gcizelela kweqa lokukhulu kwekusakata: umbiko munye ufinyelela tinkhulungwane ngaso sona lesikhatsi. [SME] Cinisekisa emadethi ekusakata aseNingizimu Afrika - kusakata komsakato eNingizimu Afrika ngokujwayelekile kubhalwa ema-1920s-1930s (i-SABC yasungulwa nga-1936) kanti ithelevishini yavelonkhe yacala nga-1976; cinisekisa indlela lecondzile ngaphambi kwekukhicita. Buta bafundzi kutsi ngukuphi labakusebentisa kakhulu lamuhla, umsakato nome ithelevishini, nekutsi kungani.
Lamuhla singatfumela emavi, titfombe nemavi kuwo wonkhe umhlaba ngemasekhondi.
Emakhompiyutha ne-inthanethi kuhlanganisa bantfu kuwo wonkhe umhlaba. Sitfumela ema-imeyili nemibiko, sabelane ngetitfombe futsi sishaye ngevidiyo umndeni lokulamanye emave. Emaselula asivumela kwenta konkhe loku sisemaphaketheni etfu, cishe nomangukuphi lesiya khona.
- I-inthanethi isivumela kutfumela umbiko kuwo wonkhe umhlaba ngemasekhondi.
- Iselula ingashaya lucingo, ibhale imibiko, itsatse titfombe futsi iye ku-inthanethi.
- Manje singabona sive bantfu labakhashane ngaso sona lesikhatsi.
Speaker notes
Kuletse ekuphileni kwebafundzi - labanyenti batawati kahle emaselula ne-inthanethi. Caphela kutsi i-inthanethi yacala kusetjentiswa kabanti ngema-1990 kanti nemaselula aba matje ngema-1990 nawo eNingizimu Afrika. [SME] Cinisekisa indlela lecondzile yekwetfulwa kwemaselula eNingizimu Afrika (emanethiwekhi eselula asungulwa nga-1994) nangabe kusetjentiswa lidethi. Buta: yini leyingentiwa yiselula lengeke yentiwe yincwadzi, futsi yini incwadzi lesengayenta kahle?
- Long ago Kukhuluma, kubalisa tindzatjana, tigubhu netimphawu tentfutfu
- Long ago Buciko bemadvwala lobupendvwe beSan
- Ancient times Kubhala neti-alfabhethi kuyacala
- About 1440 Umshini wekushicelela wenta tincwadzi letinyenti
- 1876 Lucingo luvumela emavi kuhamba khashane
- 1930s Kusakata komsakato kufinyelela emakhaya aseNingizimu Afrika
- 1976 Ithelevishini iyacala eNingizimu Afrika
- 1990s I-inthanethi nemaselula kusatalala kabanti
Speaker notes
Sebentisa lesitfombe kubuyekeza lonkhe luhambo ngekulandzelana. Khombisa iphethini: ekucaleni imibiko beyihamba kancane futsi ifinyelela bantfu labambalwa, kwatsi ngekuhamba kwesikhatsi yasheshe yaphindze yafinyelela bantfu labanyenti. [SME] Emadethi omsakato wema-1930 kanye nemshini wekushicelela wa-1440 emadethi ekufundzisa lacishe abe seceleni - cinisekisa ngaphambi kwekukhicita. Buta bafundzi kutsi nguluphi lokusungulwa labacabanga kutsi kwashintja timphilo tebantfu kakhulu.
Emathulusi ashintje kakhulu, kodvwa sizatfu sekutsi sicumane sihlale sifana.
Kusafana
Sisacumana kute sabelane ngetindzaba, sicele lusito, futsi sihlale sisedvute nebantfu lesibatsandzako.
Kusheshe kakhulu
Umbiko lobewutsatsa emaviki ngencwadzi manje utsatsa emasekhondi kuphela ku-inthanethi.
Kufinyelela bantfu labanyenti
Sigubhu besifinyelela lidolobhana linye; i-inthanethi ingafinyelela wonkhe umhlaba.
Speaker notes
Veta umbono we-CAPS wekushintja nekuchubeka. Lokushintjile: sivinini, libanga nenombolo yebantfu lesingabafinyelela. Lokuhlale kufana: sidzingo sebantfu sekwabelana ngemniningwane nekuhlala bahlangene. Loku kusita bafundzi kutsi babone umlandvo njengekushintja kanye netintfo letichubekako. Mema tibonelo etimndenini yabo.
Kucumana kukhulile kusuka etindzatjaneni letikhulunywako netigubhu kuze kufike e-inthanethini - kodvwa injongo yako ihlala ifana.
Sihambe kusuka ekukhulumeni, etigujini netimphawini tentfutfu, kuya ebucikweni bemadvwala nasekubhaleni, kuya ekushiceleleni, eposini, elucingweni, emsakatweni, ethelevishini ekugcineni i-inthanethi nemaselula. Lonkhe thulusi lelisha lavumela imibiko kuhamba ngekushesha nekufinyelela bantfu labanyenti.
Q. Bala tindlela letimbili bantfu labebacumana ngato kadzeni, ngaphambi kwekubhala. (2 marks)
Q. Chaza kutsi lucingo lwayishintja njani indlela bantfu lababecumana ngayo. (3 marks)
Q. Khetsa lithulusi linye lanyalo (umsakato, ithelevishini, i-inthanethi nome iselula) bese usho kutsi kungani liwusito. (3 marks)
Speaker notes
Sebentisa lemibuto lemitsatfu njengekubuyekeza lokukhulunywako nome lokubhaliwe. Timphendvulo letisikiselwako: (1) noma tiphi letimbili tekukhuluma/kubalisa tindzatjana, tigubhu, timphawu tentfutfu, betfunywa, buciko bemadvwala; (2) lwavumela bantfu kuva emavi abo bodvwana emabangeni lamadze, ngaso lesosikhatsi, esikhundleni sekulindza incwadzi; (3) yemukela noma ngusiphi sizatfu lesinengcondvo - kufinyelela bantfu labanyenti, kusheshe, kuletsa tindzaba futsi kusivumela kuhlala sixhumene. Vala ngekubuta bafundzi kutsi bacabange kutsi kucumana kungabukeka njani nasebakhulile.
- Grade
- Grade 4
- Subject
- History
- CAPS topic
- Communication through time
- Resource type
- Presentation