Malunga neminyaka engama-800 eyadlulayo, ubukumkani bokuqala obukhulu baseMzantsi Afrika baba sisityebi ngenxa yorhwebo lwegolide ne-ivory - apha kanye kumhlaba wethu.
Speaker notes
Qala ngokubuza abafundi into abasele beyazi ngobukumkani base-Afrika ngaphambi kokufika kwabelungu. Yenza umbono ophambili kwasekuqaleni: kudala phambi ko-1652, abantu baseMzantsi Afrika bakha ubukumkani obusisityebi, obululungiselelwe kakuhle, obabusenza urhwebo namazwe akude. Igama elithi 'Mapungubwe' kudla ngokuthiwa lithetha 'induli yempungutye'. Namhlanje ikwiPhondo laseLimpopo.
IMapungubwe yakhula kwiNtlambo yaseLimpopo malunga neminyaka engama-900 eyadlulayo.
IMapungubwe ikumantla ePhondo laseLimpopo, kufuphi nalapho iimilambo iLimpopo neShashe idibana khona. Le yindawo apho uMzantsi Afrika, iZimbabwe neBotswana zichukumisana khona namhlanje.
- Abantu bahlala apha okokuqala ekuqaleni kwee-1100 (malunga neminyaka engama-900 eyadlulayo).
- Ubukumkani babusisityebi kwaye bomelele kakhulu ukususela malunga no-1220 ukuya ku-1300.
- Yayibubukumkani bokuqala baseMzantsi Afrika - indawo elawulwa ngukumkani.
Speaker notes
Bonisa le ndawo kwimephu yeklasi yoMzantsi Afrika - kumantla akude, kufuphi neMusina (iMessina). Iimilambo yayibalulekile kuba yayinika amanzi abantu, izilimo neenkomo kwindawo eyomileyo. Gxininisa ixesha kubafundi: 'malunga neminyaka engama-900 eyadlulayo' kumalunga nootatomkhulu abangama-30 ababuyela emva.
Njengoko ubukumkani bukhula, abantu ababaluleke kakhulu bafudukela phezulu kwenduli ende, esicaba.
Ekuqaleni abantu babehlala kumhlaba osicaba ngezantsi. Njengoko iMapungubwe yaba sisityebi kwaye yaxineneka, ukumkani nosapho lwasebukhosini bafudukela phezulu kwenduli, ngeli xesha uninzi lwabantu luhlala kwithafa elingezantsi. Abasebenzi bade bathwala iitoni zomhlaba benyuka le nduli emredlelele ukwenza izitiya nemigangatho.
- Induli inamacala amredlelele kwaye ineendlela ezimxinwa kuphela zokuya phezulu.
- Ukuhlala phezulu kwakubonisa ukuba ukumkani unamandla kwaye ubalulekile.
- Amawaka abantu ayehlala kule dolophu nakufuphi nayo ngexesha lokuxakeka kwayo.
Speaker notes
Le yintliziyo yebali lolwakhiwo loluntu kwaye libuya kamva. Ukufudukela phezu kwenduli yayilutshintsho olukhulu: okokuqala kulo mmandla, iinkokeli zazihlala zodwa kwaye phezu kwabantu abaqhelekileyo. Chaza 'usapho lwasebukhosini' ngokulula - ukumkani nezalamane zakhe. Umhlaba othwelweyo ubonisa ukuba abantu basebenza kangakanani na ukuhlonipha ukumkani.
Ubutyebi beMapungubwe baqala ngokutya neenkomo, hayi igolide kuphela.
Ukulima
Abantu babelima izilimo ezinjengamabele nonyawuthi baze bagcine iinkozo ezongezelelweyo ngamaxesha anzima.
Iinkomo
Imihlambi yeenkomo yayingumqondiso wobutyebi kwaye yayisetyenziswa ukubonisa ukuba usapho lusisityebi kangakanani na.
Ubugcisa
Abasebenzi abanobuchule benza iimbiza zodongwe, ilaphu, izixhobo zentsimbi kunye nezinto ezintle zegolide.
Speaker notes
Lungisa impazamo eqhelekileyo: ubukumkani babungasosityebi ngenxa yegolide kuphela. Ukulima okuhle nemihlambi emikhulu yeenkomo kwanika abantu ukutya okwaneleyo nexesha lokurhweba nokwenza ubugcisa. Iinkozo ezongezelelweyo ezigciniweyo zazithetha ukuba uluntu lunokusinda kwiminyaka eyomileyo luze luxhase iinkokeli nabenzi bobugcisa.
IMapungubwe yathengisa igolide ne-ivory yaza yathenga izinto ezintle ezivela phesheya kolwandle.
Abarhwebi babethwala igolide ne-ivory (amabamba eendlovu) besuka eMapungubwe besiya kumazibuko akunxweme olusempuma lwe-Afrika. Ukusuka apho impahla yayihamba ngenqanawa isiya kumazwe akude. Ngokubuyisela, iMapungubwe yayifumana iintsimbi zeglasi, ilaphu nezinye izinto ezixabisekileyo.
- IMapungubwe yayirhweba neendawo ezikude njengeTshayina, iIndiya ne-Arabia.
- Igolide ne-ivory zazithuthwa ziphuma; iintsimbi zeglasi nelaphu zazingena.
- Oku kwenza iMapungubwe ibe yinxalenye yorhwebo lwehlabathi malunga neminyaka engama-800 eyadlulayo.
Speaker notes
Chaza ukuba yintoni i-ivory (ibamba lendlovu) uze uphawule ngobunono ukuba urhwebo lwe-ivory lwazenzakalisa iindlovu - unxibelelwano oluhle kwiziKili zoBomi (Life Skills). Umbono omkhulu: abantu base-Afrika apha babengasikwanga kwihlabathi; babengabarhwebi abakhutheleyo kuthungelwano olufikelela e-Asia. [SME] Nceda uqinisekise uluhlu oluchanekileyo lwamahlakani orhwebo namazibuko ngokwamagama eBanga 6; imithombo ikhankanya iTshayina, iIndiya, iYiputa ne-Arabia ngamazibuko onxweme lweMpuma Afrika.
Into eyaziwa kakhulu evela eMapungubwe ngumkhombe omncinci ogqunywe ngegolide.
Iingcali zezinto zakudala (archaeologists) zafumana umkhombe omncinci owenziwe ngegolide ethambileyo owubunjelwe phezu komongo womthi. Wafunyanwa engcwabeni lasebukhosini phezu kwenduli. Umkhombe wegolide ubonisa ukuba babenobuchule kangakanani na abakhandi begolide baseMapungubwe, kwaye ngoku ungumqondiso wokuzingca wembali enzulu yoMzantsi Afrika.
Umkhombe wegolide usixelela ukuba abantu base-Afrika apha babesenza ubugcisa obuhle begolide kumakhulu eminyaka eyadlulayo. South African History Online
- Wangcwatywa nokumkani okanye inkokeli ebalulekileyo.
- Izinto zegolide ezinje zazibonisa amandla nobutyebi basebukhosini.
- Owona wonga uphakamileyo welizwe loMzantsi Afrika ubizwa ngokuba yiOrder of Mapungubwe.
Speaker notes
Umkhombe wegolide yeyona ndawo iphakamileyo ngokweemvakalelo yesifundo - into yokwenene abafundi abanokuyithelekelela. Yigcine ilula: iqweqwe legolide elithambileyo phezu komthi okroliweyo. [SME] Qinisekisa ukuba nguwuphi umfanekiso omnye omawuvele phambili (umkhombe odumileyo) kunengqokelela ebanzi yegolide, kunye nekhaya lamanje lemyuziyam (iYunivesithi yasePitoli) ukuba ufuna ukuyibiza. Phepha ukubanga ngokugqithisileyo ubunzima obuchanekileyo kwinqanaba leBanga 6.
IMapungubwe yayiyenye yeendawo zokuqala kulo mmandla apho iinkokeli zazihlala zodwa kubantu abanye bonke.
Speaker notes
Esi slayidi sichaza ngokuthe ngqo ulwakhiwo loluntu. Sebenzisa amagama athi 'udidi' okanye 'isikhundla' ngobunono kwiBanga 6: abanye abantu babenamandla nobutyebi obungaphezulu kunabanye, kwaye oku wawukubona kwindawo abahlala kuyo. Kuphathe ngentlonipho - phepha ukucebisa ukuba abantu abaqhelekileyo babengabalulekanga; babelima ukutya besenza izinto ezenza ubukumkani bube sisityebi.
Ibali leMapungubwe labaliswa ngumhlaba ngokwawo - ngokusebenzisa oko abantu abakumbayo.
Abantu bendawo babesoloko besazi ukuba induli ibalulekile. Ngo-1932 iqela elakhokelelwa phezu kwenduli lafumana iindonga zamatye, iimbiza zodongwe, iintsimbi zeglasi negolide. Ukususela ngoko, iingcali zezinto zakudala (archaeologists, izazinzulu ezifunda ngexesha elidlulileyo ngokumba) ziye ngononophelo zafumanisa amangcwaba, izindlu nezinto ezisifundisa indlela abantu ababephila ngayo.
- Sifunda ngeMapungubwe ngezinto, hayi ngeencwadi ezibhaliweyo.
- Iintsimbi neembiza zodongwe zibonisa urhwebo nobomi bemihla ngemihla.
- Amangcwaba abonisa ukuba ngubani owayesisityebi, onamandla okanye oqhelekileyo.
Speaker notes
Yazisa umbono we-archaeology nobungqina - obusembindini wokugxila kweCAPS 'kwindlela esazi ngayo ngexesha elidlulileyo'. Phawula ngobunono ukuba nangona u-1932 ubizwa ngokuba 'kukufunyanwa', abantu ababehlala kufuphi babesele besazi kudala ukuba induli ingcwele; izinto zazizintsha kwizazinzulu, hayi kubahlali bengingqi. [SME] Qinisekisa inqanaba leenkcukacha zamagama ozifunayo malunga nokufunyanwa kuka-1932 kwiBanga 6.
- c.1100 Abantu bahlala kwiNtlambo yaseLimpopo
- c.1220 IMapungubwe iba bubukumkani obusisityebi; ukumkani ufudukela phezu kwenduli
- c.1250 Urhwebo oluxakekileyo lwegolide ne-ivory namazwe akude
- c.1300 Ubukumkani buyawa kwaye abantu bayafuduka
- 1932 Igolide nezinye izinto zifunyanwa ziingcali zezinto zakudala
- 2003 Yabizwa yiNdawo yeLifa leHlabathi yeUNESCO
Speaker notes
Sebenzisa ulandelelwano lwexesha ukuqinisa ulandelelwano: ukuvela, incopho, ukuwa, uze uphinde ufunyanwe kudala emva koko. Imihla imalunga ('c.' ithetha 'malunga') kuba kwakungekho zirekhodi zibhaliweyo. Cela abafundi baqikelele ukuba bubukumkani bube namandla iminyaka emingaphi (malunga neminyaka engama-80 ukuya kwengama-100 kwincopho yayo). [SME] Qinisekisa unyaka ochanekileyo wokudweliswa kweUNESCO (odla ngokunikwa njengo-2003).
Emva malunga no-1300 ubukumkani baphulukana namandla abo kwaye uninzi lwabantu lwahamba.
Malunga no-1300 imozulu ibonakala isiba ibanda kwaye yoma ngakumbi. Imvula encinci yenza kwanzima ukulima izilimo nokugcina iinkomo zabantu abaninzi kangaka kwindawo enye. Urhwebo lwaqala lwafudukela kwiziko elitsha, iGreat Zimbabwe, ngasemantla ngakumbi.
- Imozulu eyomileyo yenza ukulima nokwalusa kube nzima.
- Abantu bafuduka ukuya kufuna umhlaba namanzi angcono.
- IGreat Zimbabwe yakhula yaba bubukumkani obulandelayo obukhulu borhwebo.
Speaker notes
Nika zombini izizathu eziphambili ezixutywayo zizifundiswa: utshintsho lwemozulu (ukoma, ukubanda) kunye nokufuduka korhwebo ukuya eGreat Zimbabwe. Yiba nyaniso kwinqanaba leBanga 6 ukuba asiqinisekanga ngokupheleleyo - oku kufundisa ukuba imbali ngamanye amaxesha inengcaciso engaphezu kwenye enokwenzeka. Nxibelelanisa phambili: iGreat Zimbabwe bubukumkani obulandelayo abafundi abaqhele ukubufunda.
IMapungubwe isikhumbuza ukuba abantu base-Afrika bakha ubukumkani obusisityebi, obukrelekrele kudala.
Ixesha elide abanye abantu babesitsho ngokungachanekanga ukuba i-Afrika yayingenabo ubukumkani obukhulu bayo. IMapungubwe ikungqina oku kuphosakele. Namhlanje yiNdawo yeLifa leHlabathi (World Heritage Site) ekhuselwe wonke umntu, kwaye owona wonga uphakamileyo woMzantsi Afrika, iOrder of Mapungubwe, ubizwa ngayo.
- Ibonisa ubuchule base-Afrika kwigolide, ekulimeni nakurhwebo.
- Ikhuselwe ukuze abafundi bexesha elizayo bakwazi ukuyifunda nabo.
- Inika abantu baseMzantsi Afrika imbali abazingca ngayo, abayabelanayo.
Speaker notes
Phelisa umxholo ngombono wokuzingca nentlonipho. Gxininisa ngobunono umbono wokulwa ubuhlanga kwiBanga 6: iMapungubwe bubungqina bokuba abantu baseMzantsi Afrika bakha uluntu oluphuhlileyo kudala phambi kokuhlala kwabelungu. Nxibelelanisa nelifa abafundi abanokulazi - iiNdawo zeLifa leHlabathi, amawonga elizwe.
IMapungubwe yayibubukumkani bokuqala baseMzantsi Afrika - obusisityebi ngenxa yokulima, iinkomo norhwebo lwegolide ne-ivory, kwaye bulawulwa ngukumkani ophezu kwenduli.
Khumbula imibono emikhulu: phi (iNtlambo yaseLimpopo), nini (malunga no-1220-1300), ubutyebi (urhwebo lwegolide ne-ivory), umkhombe wegolide, ukumkani ophezu kwenduli ngaphezu kwabantu abaqhelekileyo, kunye nokuwa xa imozulu yoma waza urhwebo lwafudukela eGreat Zimbabwe.
Q. Khankanya izinto ezimbini iMapungubwe eyayizirhweba namazwe akude, nento enye eyayifumana ngokubuyisela. (3 marks)
Q. Kutheni ukumkani nosapho lwasebukhosini babehlala phezu kwenduli? Kwabonisa ntoni oku ngabo? (4 marks)
Q. Nika isizathu esinye ababhali-mbali abacinga ngaso ukuba iMapungubwe yehla emva malunga no-1300. (3 marks)
Speaker notes
Sebenzisa le mibuzo mithathu njengomsebenzi obhaliweyo okanye ingxoxo yeklasi. Ukwabiwa kwamanqaku kulandela iindlela zeNqanaba eliPhakathi leCAPS. Khuthaza abafundi ukuba baphendule ngezivakalisi ezipheleleyo baze basebenzise isigama sesifundo: ubukumkani, urhwebo, i-ivory, ingcali yezinto zakudala, ubukhosi, ukuwa. Vala ngokunxibelelanisa nesihloko esilandelayo esinokwenzeka, iGreat Zimbabwe.
- Grade
- Grade 6
- Subject
- History
- CAPS topic
- An African kingdom long ago in southern Africa: Mapungubwe
- Resource type
- Presentation