Ubuzwe: uMzantsi Afrika, uMbindi Mpuma ne-Afrika
Ukuthelekisa iintshukumo zobuzwe ezine - ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner nobuzwe base-Afrika eMzantsi Afrika, kunye neZionism nobuzwe bama-Arabhu kuMbindi Mpuma - ukubuza ukuba ubuzwe bunako njani ukudibanisa abantu kwaye buhlule nelizwe.
Speaker notes
Yila lonke eli candelo njengophononongo lokuthelekisa, hayi njengamabali amane ahlukeneyo. Chaza umbuzo omkhulu wembali: kutheni ubuzwe - amandla anika abantu ubunikazi, ikratshi nenkululeko - budla ngokuvelisa ukukhutshwa nengxabano? Bonisa isakhelo: kuqala chaza ubuzwe, uze ujonge iimeko ezimbini zoMzantsi Afrika (ama-Afrikaner nabantu base-Afrika), uze ujonge iimeko ezimbini zoMbindi Mpuma (iZionism nobuzwe bama-Arabhu), uthelekisa njengokuba usiya phambili. Khumbuza abafundi ukuba enye yale mbali iyaphikiswa nzulu kwaye isasekhona ibuhlungu namhlanje, ngoko siphatha imithombo ngokugxeka nangentlonipho.
Buyintoni ubuzwe?
Ubuzwe yinkolelo yokuba iqela labantu abanobunikazi obufanayo lenza 'isizwe' esifanele ukuba nelawo lawo, unyameko nokuzimela.
Isizweluluntu oluqikelelweyo (imagined community): amalungu alo asoze adibane namaninzi awabantu bakuloo lizwe, kodwa aziva engabantu abadibeneyo. Ubuzwe buguqula elo mvakalelo libe sisicelo sezopolitiko - ilungelo lokuzilawula kwilizwe labo.
Ababhali-mbali badla ngokwahlula iindidi ezimbini. Ubuzwe bobummi (civic nationalism) buchaza isizwe ngobummi obabelwana ngabo, imithetho neenqobo, ngoko nabani na angangena. Ubuzwe bobuhlanga (ethnic nationalism) bubuchaza ngomnombo, ulwimi, unqulo okanye inkcubeko ababelwana ngayo, into enokukhupha abangaphandle. Uninzi lweentshukumo zokwenene luxuba zombini.
- Budla ngokusekelwe kulwimi olwabelwana ngalo, unqulo, imbali okanye imvakalelo yomnombo omnye.
- Budla ngokuvuselelwa okanye buqiniswe sisikhalazo esabelwana ngaso - ukoyiswa, indlala, ucalucalulo okanye ukulawulwa ngabasemzini.
- Bakha umanyano ngokuchaza 'thina', kodwa ngokwenza oko buphinda buchaze 'bona'.
Speaker notes
Nika abafundi isigama sohlalutyo abaza kusisebenzisa kulo lonke eli candelo: isizwe, ubuzwe, ukuzimela, ubuzwe bobummi ngokuchasene nobobuhlanga, kunye nombono kaBenedict Anderson 'woluntu oluqikelelweyo'. Gxininisa ukuba ubuzwe abulunganga nje kuphela okanye bubi nje kuphela - buqhube inkululeko echasene nobukoloniyali kwaye buqhuba ukukhutshwa nocalucalulo. Isakhono esifundiswayo kukuthelekisa: ingcamango enye, iimeko ezahlukeneyo.
Imibuzo emihlanu oyibuza kubo naluphi ubuzwe
Sebenzisa iso elinye kwintshukumo nganye ukuze uzithelekise ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngubani?
Ngubani obalelwa njengenxalenye yesizwe - kwaye ngubani oshiywa ngaphandle?
Kutheni ngoku?
Sesiphi isikhalazo okanye ingxaki eyakhuthaza intshukumo?
Njani?
Iinkokeli zabahlanganisa njani abantu - inkcubeko, unqulo, imibutho, intshukumo yabantu?
Umhlaba?
Bafuna owuphi umhlaba, kwaye ngubani omnye owufunayo?
Isiphumo?
Ngaba baleta inkululeko, ulawulo, ingxabano - okanye zonke ezi zinto zontathu?
Speaker notes
Esi sisakhelo sokuthelekisa abafundi ekufuneka basisebenzise kubuzwe bama-Afrikaner, ubuzwe base-Afrika, iZionism nobuzwe bama-Arabhu ngokulandelelana. Bakhuthaze ukuba bagcine igridi yokuthelekisa kwiincwadi zabo enale mihlanu yeekholam. Bonisa ukuba umbuzo othi 'Umhlaba?' apho izifundo ezimbini zibuhlungu khona: kokubini eMzantsi Afrika nakwa-Israeli/Palestina, ubuzwe obubini bafuna umhlaba omnye.
Ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner: ukoyiswa, indlala nokuvuselelwa
Ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner bakhula buvela ekuthotyweni kweMfazwe yaseMzantsi Afrika (1899-1902) nakwindlala amaninzi ama-Afrikaner awajongana nayo emva koko.
Ukoyiswa yiBritani, ukufa kwabafazi nabantwana kwiinkampu zoxinaniso (concentration camps), nokulahlekelwa ziirephabhliki zamaBhulu kwashiya amaninzi ama-Afrikaner eziva ukuba i-volk yawo (abantu) isesichengeni. Kumashumi eminyaka alandelayo, amashumi amawaka aba 'ngabamhlophe abahluphekayo', begxothelwa emhlabeni besiya ezidolophini.
Iinkokeli zasebenzisa ulwimi, unqulo nembali ukwakha ikratshi kwakhona. Isi-Afrikaans senziwa saba ngokusesikweni kwaye saxhaswa; iBandla lamaDatshi eReformed lagxininisa ama-Afrikaner njengabantu abanyuliweyo; kwaye ibali le-Great Trek laba yintsomi yesiseko yabantu abazabalazela inkululeko.
- I-Afrikaner Broederbond (eyasekwa ngo-1918) yakha uthungelwano oluyimfihlo ukuqhubela phambili izilangazelelo zama-Afrikaner kwezopolitiko, kwishishini nakwinkcubeko.
- Imibutho yenkcubeko kunye neminyaka elikhulu ye-Great Trek ngo-1938 yavusa imvakalelo yabantu abaninzi.
- I-National Party yakhokelela obu bunikazi ekusukeleni amandla karhulumente.
Speaker notes
Chaza indlela imvakalelo yokuxhwaleka eyaguqulwa yaba yinkqubo yezopolitiko. Indlela ephambili: isikhalazo (ukoyiswa, indlala yabamhlophe abahluphekayo) kunye nokuhlanganiswa ngenkcubeko (ulwimi, ibandla, intsomi yembali, iBroederbond) kulingana nentshukumo yabantu abaninzi. Iminyaka elikhulu ye-Great Trek ngo-1938 ngumzekelo omhle wesithethe esenziweyo. [SME] Phatha inkumbulo yeenkampu zoxinaniso ngononophelo nangokuchanekileyo; iyinyani ngokwembali kwaye yasetyenziswa kamva ngokwezopolitiko. Phawula ukuba obu bubuzwe bobuhlanga obuchazwa ngomnombo, ulwimi nonqulo.
1948: Ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner buthimba urhulumente
Ngo-1948 i-National Party yaphumelela amandla yaza yaguqula ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner baba ngumgaqo-nkqubo osemthethweni wocalucalulo (apartheid).
Ikhokelwa ngu-D.F. Malan, i-National Party yaphumelela unyulo lwabamhlophe kuphela luka-1948 ngesithembiso se-apartheid ('ukwahlukana'). Ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner ngoku babulawula urhulumente kwaye babusebenzisa ukukhusela imisebenzi, ulwimi namandla ama-Afrikaner - nokunyanzelisa ulawulo lwabamhlophe phezu koninzi olumnyama.
- Urhulumente wandisa imfundo yesi-Afrikaans, inkonzo karhulumente namashishini karhulumente ukuphakamisa ama-Afrikaner.
- Imithetho yocalucalulo yahlula abantu ngobuhlanga yaza yagcinela abamhlophe amandla nezinto ezikhethekileyo.
- Le yimeko yobuzwe obafumana ukuzimela kwiqela elinye ngokulukhanyela kwabanye.
Speaker notes
Zoba ingongoma yohlalutyo ngokucacileyo: ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner 'baphumelela' ngo-1948, kodwa impumelelo yabo yayilucinezelo lwabanye abantu. Oku kumisela ungquzulwano oluthe ngqo nobuzwe base-Afrika. Nxibelelanisa nesakhelo: Ngubani owayebandakanyiwe? (Ama-Afrikaner, emva koko abamhlophe.) Ngubani owayekhutshiwe? (Uninzi olumnyama.) Phawula ukuba ucalucalulo yayiyinkqubo yokudala imisebenzi nokuphakamisa ama-Afrikaner ahluphekayo, into encedisa ukucacisa ukunomtsalane kwabo kuluntu lwabo.
Ubuzwe base-Afrika: umanyano nxamnye nokukhutshwa
Ubuzwe base-Afrika bakhula ekuphenduleni ukoyiswa, ukulahlekelwa ngumhlaba nokukhutshwa kuManyano lwaseMzantsi Afrika olwenzeka ngo-1910.
UManyano lwaseMzantsi Afrika (1910) lwadibanisa abamhlophe kodwa lwakhupha abantu base-Afrika kumandla ezopolitiko. Ngo-1912 iinkokeli zase-Afrika ezifundileyo zaseka i-South African Native National Congress - eyaguqulwa igama yaba yi-African National Congress (ANC) ngo-1923 - ukudibanisa abantu base-Afrika ngokungahoyi imida yobuhlanga neyengingqi nokufuna amalungelo kwisizwe esinye esifanayo.
I-Natives Land Act yango-1913, eyagcinela abamhlophe uninzi lomhlaba welizwe, yabonisa ukuba kutheni umanyano lwalungxamisekile. Ubuzwe base-Afrika bokuqala babunobulumko: babusebenzisa izicelo, iindibaniselwano nomthetho ukucela ukubandakanywa.
- Bafuna ukoyisa ukwahlukana kobuhlanga nokwakha isizwe esinye sase-Afrika, kamva esaseMzantsi Afrika esingacaluli ngobuhlanga.
- Buchaza isizwe ngobummi namalungelo abelwana ngawo - umbono ongowobummi ngakumbi.
- Iindlela zabo zokuqala zaziphantsi komgaqo-siseko; ukudinwa kwakuza kubuqhubela kamva kwintshukumo yabantu abaninzi.
Speaker notes
Thelekisa ingqiqo yesiseko nobuzwe bama-Afrikaner: ubuzwe base-Afrika bafuna ukwakha umanyano phakathi kwamaqela obuhlanga amaninzi ase-Afrika (amaZulu, amaXhosa, amaSuthu nabanye) ncam ukuze bachasene norhulumente owabakhuphayo. Gxininisa umbono ongowobummi nobandakanya wonke umntu - i-ANC ekugqibeleni yaya kumandla angacaluli ngobuhlanga. Phawula ukungqinelana kohlobo eli candelo libuyela kulo rhoqo: ubuzwe obubini boMzantsi Afrika, obunye bufuna ulawulo, obunye bufuna ukubandakanywa, buqubisana ngomhlaba omnye.
Isizukulwana esitsha: iANC Youth League
Ngeminyaka yee-1940 isizukulwana esitsha safuna ubuzwe base-Afrika obunesibindi ngakumbi, obusekwe kubantu abaninzi.
Bediniwe kukubhala izicelo ezizolileyo kumashumi eminyaka, iinkokeli ezincinci zaseka i-ANC Youth League ngo-1944. Umongameli wayo wokuqala, u-Anton Lembede, wathi abantu base-Afrika kufuneka bazikhulule ngokuzidla, ukuzithemba nokuzihlanganisa kwabantu abaninzi endaweni yokulinda ukulunga kwabamhlophe.
Africa is a black man's country... Africans are one. Out of the heterogeneous tribes there must emerge a homogeneous nation. Anton Lembede, 'Some Basic Principles of African Nationalism', 1945
- I-Programme of Action ka-1949 ye-Youth League yamkela ukugwayimba, ukungathengi nokungathobeli imithetho.
- Amagama afana noNelson Mandela, uWalter Sisulu no-Oliver Tambo aphakama kule Youth League.
- Obu buzwe base-Afrika obunesibindi babuza kuqhuba umzabalazo wabantu abaninzi nxamnye nocalucalulo ngeminyaka yee-1950.
Speaker notes
Sebenzisa isicatshulwa sikaLembede ukubonisa umbindi wemvakalelo yobuzwe base-Afrika - ukuzithemba nomanyano ngaphaya kwemida yobuhlanga - ngelixa uphawula ukuba isithethe esisiseko se-ANC saphinda saya kumandla angacaluli ngobuhlanga (kamva iFreedom Charter). [SME] I-Africanism kaLembede yayilelinye icala; i-ANC yayinengxoxo phakathi kwe-Africanism ekhethayo ne-non-racialism ebandakanyayo, into eyavelisa kamva ukwahlukana kwe-PAC (1959). Gcina ubunzulu: ubuzwe base-Afrika babungabunye kuphela. Nxibelelanisa phambili: esi sizukulwana sikhokela i-Defiance Campaign eyafundwa kwiBanga le-9.
Ubuzwe obubini, ilizwe elinye
Ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner nobuzwe base-Afrika bakhula ecaleni komnye, ngamnye ubumba omnye.
Speaker notes
Yima apha kuqheliselo lokuthelekisa oluhlelekileyo. Cela abafundi ukuba bachonge ukufana (bobubini basebenzisa imbali, inkcubeko nombutho ukuhlanganisa; bobubini bafuna ukuzimela) nokwahluka (obunye bukhethayo bulawula, obunye bubandakanya bukhutshiwe). Gxininisa unxibelelwano: ucinezelo lobuzwe bama-Afrikaner lwaguqula ubuzwe base-Afrika, kwaye inkcaso yase-Afrika yaqinisa ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner. Olu bumbano ngundoqo wombono ophezulu we-FET.
iZionism: ikhaya lesizwe samaJuda
iZionism yayiyintshukumo yobuzwe eyayifuna ikhaya lamaJuda, ubukhulu becala iphendula iinkulungwane zentshutshiso eYurophu.
Bejongene nobuhlanga obunobundlobongela - ii-pogroms kuBukhosi baseRashiya kunye ne-Dreyfus Affair eFransi - u-Theodor Herzl wathi kwincwadi ethi The Jewish State (1896) amaJuda ayeza kukhuseleka kuphela xa enelizwe lawo. INkongolo yokuqala yeZionist yahlangana eBasel ngo-1897, kwaye ukufuduka kwamaJuda ukuya ePalestina kwakhula.
Kwi-Balfour Declaration (1917) iBritani yabhengeza inkxaso 'yekhaya lesizwe samaJuda' ePalestina - umhlaba owawuxinene ngama-Arabhu ngelo xesha. IBritani yalawula iPalestina phantsi kwesigunyaziso soManyano lweeNtlanga emva ko-1920, kwaye uxinzelelo phakathi kwabantu abangamaJuda nama-Arabhu lwanyuka.
- iZionism yaxuba ubunikazi bobuhlanga nobonqulo nesicelo sanamhlanje sokuba nelizwe.
- Yaqhutywa yintshutshiso yokwenene nebulalayo, ngaphezulu kwako konke yiHolocaust yango-1941-1945.
- Kodwa umhlaba eyawufunayo wawusele ulikhaya labantu abangama-Arabhu ababenemvakalelo yabo yobuzwe.
Speaker notes
Bonisa iZionism njengempendulo kwintshutshiso yokwenene nebulalayo, egqityezelwa yiHolocaust - abafundi kufuneka baqonde ukuba kutheni amaJuda amaninzi agqiba ekubeni afuna ilizwe lawo. Ngaxeshanye, cacisa ngokwenyani ukuba iPalestina yayisele ihlala abantu, ubukhulu becala ngama-Arabhu, ngoko umhlaba omnye wawuphethe amabango amabini. [SME] Le yimbali ephikiswa kakhulu kwaye enobuthathaka; hlala kwiinyani ezivunyelwene ngokubanzi (Herzl, Basel 1897, Balfour 1917, isigunyaziso saseBritani) uze ungathabatheli cala. Bonisa ukugxeka imithombo: iBalfour Declaration yathembisa kwakhona ukungenzakalisi amalungelo 'oluntu olungengomaJuda olukhoyo'.
1948: inkululeko nentlekele
Isiganeko esinye sango-1948 sikhunjulwa zizizwe ezimbini ngeendlela ezichaseneyo.
Emva kweHolocaust nokwanda kwengxabano, iZizwe eziManyeneyo zavota ngo-1947 ukwahlula iPalestina ibe lilizwe lamaJuda nelizwe lama-Arabhu. Ngomhla we-14 Meyi 1948 iinkokeli zamaJuda zabhengeza i-State of Israel. Imfazwe namazwe angama-Arabhu angabamelwane yalandela kwangoko.
Ama-Israeli akhumbula u-1948 njenge-Mfazwe yawo yeNkululeko - ukufezekisa ikhaya elikhuselekileyo. AmaPalestina awakhumbula njenge-Nakba ('intlekele'): kuqikelelwa ukuba amaPalestina angama-Arabhu ali-700 000 abaleka okanye agxothwa kwaye akavunyelwa ukubuya. Umhlaba omnye, izizwe ezimbini, iinkumbulo ezimbini ezingadibaniyo.
- Kwesinye isizwe, u-1948 wathetha ukuzimela nokusinda.
- Kwesinye, wathetha ukuphangwa nokuxwilwa.
- Olu ngquzulwano olungasombululwanga lusabumba uMbindi Mpuma namhlanje.
Speaker notes
Le yeyona slide inobuthathaka kule deck; yifundise njengesifundo sombono nenkumbulo yembali. Bonisa omabini amagama ka-1948 ecaleni komnye ngaphandle kokuwabeka phezulu, kwaye usebenzise ulwimi oluthi 'ukhunjulwa njenge'. [SME] Amanani nezizathu zokuphuma kwamaPalestina ziyaphikiswa ngokwenene ngababhali-mbali (ukubaleka ngokuchasene nokugxothwa); bonisa inani elingu-~700,000 njengoqikelelo uze uphawule ingxoxo. Injongo yokufundisa luvelwano nokugxeka imithombo: isiganeko esinye esinomhla sivelisa amabali obuzwe amabini. Mema ingxoxo ezolileyo nenentlonipho uze umisele imigaqo kuqala.
Ubuzwe bama-Arabhu: umanyano nenkululeko
Ubuzwe bama-Arabhu bafuna ukukhulula abantu abathetha isi-Arabhu ekulawulweni ngabasemzini kwaye, kwabanye, ukubadibanisa babe sisizwe esinye.
Njengoko uBukhosi base-Ottoman bawa emva kweMfazwe yeHlabathi yokuQala, imihlaba yama-Arabhu yahlulwa yaba zizigunyaziso zaseBritani nezaseFransi. Abazwe bama-Arabhu babucaphukela obu bulawulo babasemzini nemida eyazotywa ngamaYurophu, kwaye babuchasa ngokwandayo ukuhlaliswa kwamaZionist ePalestina.
Intshukumo yafikelela encotsheni phantsi ko-Gamal Abdel Nasser waseYiphutha. Xa uNasser enza iSuez Canal ibe yekarhulumente ngo-1956 waza wajongana nohlaselo lweBritani, iFransi noIsrayeli, waba liqhawe kwihlabathi lama-Arabhu nophawu lweentshukumo ezichasene nobukoloniyali kulo lonke i-Afrika ne-Asia.
- Basekwa kulwimi lwesi-Arabhu, inkcubeko kunye (kwabaninzi) i-Islam abelwana ngayo.
- I-Pan-Arabism yaphupha ukudibanisa onke ama-Arabhu, idibanisa okwexeshana iYiphutha neSiriya ngo-1958.
- Yayichasene ngamandla nobukoloniyali kwaye yaphembelela imizabalazo yenkululeko e-Afrika.
Speaker notes
Bonisa ubuzwe bama-Arabhu njengenye intshukumo echasene nobukoloniyali, edibanisa imeko yoMbindi Mpuma nayo i-Afrika (isihloko se-CAPS sixhoma kuzo zombini). UNasser neSuez 1956 ziyintlokoma: ilizwe elincinci lichasa iinkosi zangaphambili zobukoloniyali kwathimbe ihlabathi elikhululwayo, kubandakanya i-Afrika esezantsi kwe-Sahara. Phawula uxinzelelo phakathi kobuzwe bama-Arabhu bomanyano lwe-pan-Arab namazwe ohlukeneyo, nokuba inkcaso kwiZionism yayingunyanzelo olunye olumanyanisayo. Nxibelelanisa amandla achasene nobukoloniyali nobuzwe base-Afrika obufundwe ngaphambili.
Ubuzwe obubini, umhlaba omnye
NjengoMzantsi Afrika, uMbindi Mpuma wabona ubuzwe obubini bufuna umhlaba omnye.
Speaker notes
Qhuba uqheliselo lokuthelekisa olufanayo njengeslide yoMzantsi Afrika. Emva koko yenza unxibelelwano phakathi kweemeko lucace: kokubini uMzantsi Afrika nePalestina zibonisa ubuzwe obubini buqubisana ngomhlaba omnye, buvelisa ingxabano ende, ebuhlungu. Cela abafundi ukuba bathelekise kungekhona kuphela iZionism ngokuchasene nobuzwe bama-Arabhu, kodwa nobuzwe bama-Afrikaner ngokuchasene neZionism (zombini ziqela elincinci lifuna ukhuseleko nolawulo) nobuzwe base-Afrika ngokuchasene nobuzwe bama-Arabhu (zombini iintshukumo zabantu abaninzi ezichasene nobukoloniyali). Olu thelekiso lweendlela ezine yile ngqiqo yomgangatho ophezulu i-CAPS eyivuzayo.
Ubuzwe: amandla adibanisayo nawahlulayo
Kuzo zonke iimeko ezine, ubuzwe banika abantu ubunikazi nenkululeko - kwaye bazoba imigca ekhokelela kwingxabano.
- 1897 iNkongolo yokuqala yeZionist, iBasel
- 1912 i-SANNC (kamva i-ANC) yasekwa eMzantsi Afrika
- 1917 iBalfour Declaration 'ngekhaya lesizwe' lamaJuda
- 1918 i-Afrikaner Broederbond yasekwa
- 1944 i-ANC Youth League iguqula ubuzwe base-Afrika
- 1948 i-National Party iphumelela amandla; i-State of Israel ibhengezwa / iNakba
- 1956 uNasser neSuez Crisis: incopho yobuzwe bama-Arabhu
Speaker notes
Qinisa ngale layini yexesha yabelwana ukuze abafundi babone iintshukumo ezine zisenzeka kwixesha elinye, ziphembelelana (ukuchasa ubukoloniyali kwasasaza iimbono ngaphesheya kwemida). Zoba impikiswano yokuqukumbela: ubuzwe ngamandla anohlangothi olubini - buqhube inkululeko kubukoloniyali nakucalucalulo, kodwa apho izizwe ezimbini zafuna umhlaba omnye kwavelisa ukuphangwa nengxabano ehlala ixesha elide. Phawula u-1948 njengonyaka ongumnxeba obalulekileyo ovela kwizifundo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ngaxeshanye.
Uphononongo: ukuthelekisa ubuzwe
Sebenzisa isakhelo semibuzo emihlanu kunye nokuthelekisa ukuze uphendule imibuzo engezantsi.
Kwesi sifundo sichaze ubuzwe, sahlula ubuzwe bobummi kobo bobuhlanga, saza sathelekisa iintshukumo ezine: ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner kunye nobase-Afrika eMzantsi Afrika, kunye ne-Zionism kunye nobuzwe bama-Arabhu kuMbindi Mpuma. Kuzo zombini iindawo ubuzwe obubini bafuna umhlaba omnye, kunye neziphumo ezinkulu.
Q. Chaza umahluko phakathi kobuzwe bobummi nobobuhlanga, usebenzisa umzekelo OMNYE waseMzantsi Afrika NOMNYE waseMbindi Mpuma. (6 marks)
Q. Thelekisa imvelaphi yobuzwe bama-Afrikaner nobuzwe base-Afrika. Bhekisela ubuncinane kokubini ukufana okubini nokwahluka okubini. (8 marks)
Q. 'Iziganeko zango-1948 zathetha inkululeko kwesinye isizwe nokulahleka kwesinye.' Usebenzisa umzekelo waseMzantsi Afrika OKANYE waseIsrayeli-Palestina, xoxa ngendlela isiganeko esinye sembali esinokukhunjulwa ngayo ngeendlela ezichaseneyo. (6 marks)
Speaker notes
Sebenzisa le mibuzo mithathu njengomsebenzi obhaliweyo okanye ingxoxo yeklasi ehlelekileyo; ukwabiwa kweemakhi kubonisa iindlela zokubhala ezandisiweyo nezisekwe kwimithombo ze-CAPS. Umbuzo wesi-3 uvavanya ngokucacileyo isakhono sokuqonda inkumbulo ephikiswayo nombono, oyingongoma yesi sihloko. Khumbuza abafundi ukuba baxoxe besuka kubungqina baze bamele icala ngalinye ngokufanelekileyo. [SME] Ngaphambi kokuvavanya izinto zase-Israeli/Palestina, qinisekisa ukuba isikhokelo sesebe sokufundisa esi sihloko esiphikiswayo silandelwe kwaye kunikwe uluhlu lwemithombo eyahlukeneyo.
- Grade
- Grade 11
- Subject
- History
- CAPS topic
- Nationalisms: South Africa, the Middle East and Africa
- Resource type
- Presentation