Ubuzwe: iNingizimu Afrika, iMpumalanga Ephakathi ne-Afrika
Ukuqhathanisa imikhankaso emine yobuzwe - ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner nobuzwe base-Afrika eNingizimu Afrika, kanye neZionism nobuzwe bama-Arab eMpumalanga Ephakathi - ukuze sibuze ukuthi ubuzwe bungabahlanganisa kanjani abantu kodwa buphinde buhlukanise izwe.
Speaker notes
Beka yonke iyunithi njengocwaningo oluqhathanisayo, hhayi izindaba ezine ezehlukene. Sho umbuzo omkhulu womlando: kungani ubuzwe - amandla anika abantu ubunikazi, ukuziqhenya nenkululeko - kuvame ukudala ukukhishwa nengxabano? Bhekisisa ukwakheka: kuqala sichaze ubuzwe, bese sihlaziya izigameko ezimbili zaseNingizimu Afrika (ama-Afrikaner nabase-Afrika), bese sibheka izigameko ezimbili zaseMpumalanga Ephakathi (iZionism nobuzwe bama-Arab), siqhathanisa njengoba siqhubeka. Khumbuza abafundi ukuthi omunye umlando uyaphikisana kakhulu futhi usathinta imizwa nanamuhla, ngakho siphatha imithombo ngokucophelela nangenhlonipho.
Buyini ubuzwe?
Ubuzwe yinkolelo yokuthi iqembu labantu ababelana ngobunikazi lakha 'isizwe' esifanele sibe nombuso waso, ukwethembeka nokuzibusa.
Isizwengumphakathi ocatshangwayo: amalungu aso ngeke ahlangane nabaningi babantu bakubo, kodwa azizwa engabantu bendawonye. Ubuzwe buguqula lowo mzwa bube yisidingo sezombusazwe - ilungelo lokuzibusa embusweni wabo siqu.
Izazi zomlando zivame ukwehlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili. Ubuzwe bobuzwelapho (civic nationalism) buchaza isizwe ngobuzwe obabelanwayo, imithetho namagugu, ngakho noma ubani angajoyina. Ubuzwe bobuhlanga (ethnic nationalism) buchaza isizwe ngozalo olwabelanwayo, ulimi, inkolo noma amasiko, okungakhipha abangaphandle. Iningi lemikhankaso yangempela lixuba kokubili.
- Buvame ukweyama olimini olabelanwayo, inkolo, umlando noma umuzwa wozalo olulodwa.
- Buvame ukuvuselelwa noma buqiniswe yisikhalo esabelanwayo - ukwehlulwa, ubumpofu, ukubandlululwa noma ukubuswa ngabezizwe.
- Bakha ubunye ngokuchaza 'thina', kodwa ngokwenza njalo buphinde buchaze 'bona'.
Speaker notes
Nika abafundi amagama okuhlaziya abazowasebenzisa kuyo yonke iyunithi: isizwe, ubuzwe, ukuzibusa, ubuzwe bobuzwelapho vs ubuzwe bobuhlanga, kanye nomqondo kaBenedict Anderson we-'imagined community' (umphakathi ocatshangwayo). Gcizelela ukuthi ubuzwe abukubuhle nje kuphela futhi abukubi nje kuphela - baqhuba inkululeko emelene nobukoloni futhi baqhuba ukukhishwa nobandlululo. Ikhono elifundiswayo ukuqhathanisa: umqondo ofanayo, izimo ezehlukene.
Imibuzo emihlanu ongayibuza kunoma yibuphi ubuzwe
Sebenzisa ilensi efanayo kuwo wonke umkhankaso ukuze ukwazi ukuqhathanisa ngokungakhethi.
Ubani?
Ubani obalwa njengengxenye yesizwe - futhi ubani oshiywa ngaphandle?
Kungani manje?
Yisiphi isikhalo noma inkinga eyavusa umkhankaso?
Kanjani?
Abaholi babahlanganisa kanjani abantu - isiko, inkolo, izinhlangano, isenzo sabantu abaningi?
Umhlaba?
Yiliphi izwe abalifuna, futhi ubani omunye owalifunayo?
Umphumela?
Baletha inkululeko, ukubusa ngenkani, ingxabano - noma konke kokuthathu?
Speaker notes
Lolu uhlaka lokuqhathanisa okufanele abafundi balusebenzise kubuzwe bama-Afrikaner, ubuzwe base-Afrika, iZionism kanye nobuzwe bama-Arab ngokulandelana. Bakhuthaze ukuthi bagcine igridi yokuqhathanisa ezincwadini zabo enamakholomu amahlanu. Veza ukuthi umbuzo othi 'Umhlaba?' yilapho izigameko ezimbili ziba lusizi khona: eNingizimu Afrika naku-Israel/Palestine, ubuzwe obubili bafuna izwe elifanayo.
Ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner: ukwehlulwa, ubumpofu nokuvuselelwa
Ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner bakhula buvela ekuhlazekeni eMpini yaseNingizimu Afrika (1899-1902) nasebumpofini ama-Afrikaner amaningi ababhekana nabo emva kwayo.
Ukwehlulwa yiBrithani, ukufa kwabesifazane nezingane emakamu okuhlushwa (concentration camps), kanye nokulahlekelwa yimibuso yamaBhunu kwashiya ama-Afrikaner amaningi ezizwa ukuthi i-volk (isizwe) sawo sisengozini. Emashumini eminyaka alandelayo, izinkulungwane ngezinkulungwane zaba 'ngabamhlophe abampofu' (poor whites), zixoshwa emhlabeni ziya emadolobheni.
Abaholi basebenzisa ulimi, inkolo nomlando ukuze bavuselele ukuziqhenya. Isi-Afrikaans sabekwa saphinde sathuthukiswa; iSonto lamaDatshi lamaRifomu (Dutch Reformed Church) lagcizelela ama-Afrikaner njengabantu abakhethiweyo; futhi indaba yeGreat Trek (uHambo Olukhulu) yaba yinganekwane yokuqala yesizwe esilwela inkululeko.
- I-Afrikaner Broederbond (eyasungulwa ngo-1918) yakha inethiwekhi eyimfihlo yokuthuthukisa izidingo zama-Afrikaner kwezombusazwe, kwezamabhizinisi nasemasikweni.
- Izinhlangano zamasiko kanye nekhulu leminyaka le-1938 leGreat Trek zavusa imizwa yabantu abaningi.
- I-National Party yaphendulela lobu bunikazi ekuzameni ukuthola amandla ombuso.
Speaker notes
Chaza ukuthi umuzwa wokuba yisisulu waphendulwa kanjani waba yiprogramu yezombusazwe. Indlela ebalulekile: isikhalo (ukwehlulwa, ubumpofu babamhlophe abampofu) kuhlangene nokuhlanganisa ngokwesiko (ulimi, isonto, inganekwane yomlando, i-Broederbond) kulingana nomkhankaso wabantu abaningi. Ikhulu leminyaka leGreat Trek le-1938 liyisibonelo esihle sesiko elenziwe. [SME] Phatha inkumbulo yamakamu okuhlushwa ngokucophelela nangokunembayo; iyiqiniso emlandweni futhi yasetshenziswa kamuva ngokwezombusazwe. Veza ukuthi lobu ngubuzwe bobuhlanga obuchazwa ngozalo, ulimi nenkolo.
1948: ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner buthatha umbuso
Ngo-1948 i-National Party yawina amandla yaphendula ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner baba yinqubomgomo esemthethweni yobandlululo.
Iholwa u-D.F. Malan, i-National Party yawina ukhetho lwabamhlophe kuphela lwango-1948 ngesithembiso se-apartheid ('ukwehlukaniswa'). Ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner manje base bulawula umbuso babusebenzisa ukuvikela imisebenzi, ulimi namandla ama-Afrikaner - nokuqinisa ukubusa kwabamhlophe phezu kweningi labantu abamnyama.
- Umbuso wandisa imfundo yesi-Afrikaans, umsebenzi kahulumeni nezimboni ezingezombuso ukuze uphakamise ama-Afrikaner.
- Imithetho yobandlululo yahlukanisa abantu ngokobuhlanga yagcinela amandla namalungelo abamhlophe.
- Lokhu kuyisigameko sobuzwe obathola ukuzibusa kweqembu elilodwa ngokwenqabela abanye.
Speaker notes
Veza iphuzu lokuhlaziya ngokucacile: ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner 'baphumelela' ngo-1948, kodwa impumelelo yabo yayiwukucindezelwa kwabanye abantu. Lokhu kubeka isisekelo sokungqubuzana ngokuqondile nobuzwe base-Afrika. Xhumanisa nohlaka: Ubani owayefakwa? (ama-Afrikaner, base abamhlophe.) Ubani owakhishwa? (Iningi labantu abamnyama.) Qaphela ukuthi ubandlululo lwalungxenye lwephrojekthi yokwakha imisebenzi nokuphakamisa ama-Afrikaner ampofu, okusiza ukuchaza ukuthi kungani lwaluthandwa umphakathi walo.
Ubuzwe base-Afrika: ubunye ngokumelene nokukhishwa
Ubuzwe base-Afrika bakhula njengempendulo yokunqotshwa, ukulahlekelwa umhlaba nokukhishwa eNyunyaneni yaseNingizimu Afrika eyakhiwa ngo-1910.
INyunyana yaseNingizimu Afrika (1910) yahlanganisa abamhlophe kodwa yavimbela abantu base-Afrika ukuba namandla ezombusazwe. Ngo-1912 abaholi base-Afrika abafundile basungula i-South African Native National Congress - eyaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi yi-African National Congress (ANC) ngo-1923 - ukuze bahlanganise abantu base-Afrika ngaphesheya kwemigqa yobuhlanga neyezifunda futhi bafune amalungelo esizweni esisodwa esibumbene.
I-1913 Natives Land Act, eyagcinela iningi lomhlaba wezwe abamhlophe, yakhombisa ukuthi kungani ubunye babubalulekile. Ubuzwe base-Afrika bokuqala babuzothile: babusebenzisa izicelo, izigunyazo nomthetho ukuze buncenge ukufakwa.
- Babuhlose ukwehlula ukwahlukana ngobuhlanga bese bakha isizwe esisodwa sase-Afrika, kamuva esingabandlululi ngebala, saseNingizimu Afrika.
- Babuchaza isizwe ngobuzwe namalungelo abelanwayo - umbono othambekele ebuzwelaphweni.
- Izindlela zabo zokuqala zaziqondene nomthethosisekelo; ukukhungatheka kamuva kwakuzobuqhubela ekwenzeni izenzo zabantu abaningi.
Speaker notes
Qhathanisa umgomo wokusungulwa nobuzwe bama-Afrikaner: ubuzwe base-Afrika babufuna ukwakha ubunye phakathi kwamaqembu amaningi obuhlanga base-Afrika (amaZulu, amaXhosa, amaSotho nabanye) ngempela ukuze bamelane nombuso owawubakhipha. Gcizelela umbono othambekele ebuzwelaphweni nobandakanyayo - i-ANC ekugcineni yaqhubekela ekungabandlululini ngebala. Qaphela ubuvokoloqo iyunithi ebuphindaphindayo: ubuzwe obubili baseNingizimu Afrika, obunye bufuna ukubusa, obunye bufuna ukubandakanywa, bungqubuzana ngomhlaba ofanayo.
Isizukulwane esisha: iANC Youth League
Ngeminyaka yawo-1940 isizukulwane esisha safuna ubuzwe base-Afrika obuqavile, obususelwa esenzweni sabantu abaningi.
Bekhungathekiswe amashumi eminyaka ezicelo ezinesizotha, abaholi abasha basungula i-ANC Youth League ngo-1944. Umongameli wayo wokuqala, u-Anton Lembede, waphikisa ngokuthi abantu base-Afrika kufanele bazikhulule ngokuziqhenya, ukuzimela nokuhlela abantu abaningi kunokulinda umusa wabamhlophe.
I-Afrika iyizwe lomuntu omnyama... Abantu base-Afrika bamunye. Ezizweni ezehlukahlukene kumele kuvele isizwe esisodwa esimunye. Anton Lembede, 'Some Basic Principles of African Nationalism', 1945
- IPhrogramu Yesenzo ye-Youth League yango-1949 yamukela ukugoma, ukubhoyikhota nokungalaleli ngokungenabudlova.
- Amaqhawe afana no-Nelson Mandela, u-Walter Sisulu no-Oliver Tambo akhuphuka ngamazinga ayo.
- Lobu buzwe base-Afrika obuqinisayo babuzoqhuba umzabalazo wabantu abaningi omelene nobandlululo ngeminyaka yawo-1950.
Speaker notes
Sebenzisa isicaphuno sikaLembede ukukhombisa umoya wangaphakathi wobuzwe base-Afrika - ukuzimela nobunye ngaphesheya kwemigqa yobuhlanga - kanti uqaphela ukuthi umkhuba omkhulu we-ANC nawo waqhubekela ekungabandlululini ngebala (kamuva iFreedom Charter). [SME] I-Africanism kaLembede yayingesinye isandla; i-ANC yayinempikiswano phakathi kwe-Africanism ekhiphayo nokungabandlululi ngebala okubandakanyayo, okwaholela kamuva ekuhlukaneni kwe-PAC (1959). Gcina umehluko ocacile: ubuzwe base-Afrika babungebobubodwa. Xhumanisa phambili: lesi sizukulwane siholela iDefiance Campaign eyafundwa kuBanga le-9.
Ubuzwe obubili, izwe elilodwa
Ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner nobuzwe base-Afrika bakhula ngasekhathi, ngabunye babumbisa obunye.
Speaker notes
Ima lapha ngomsebenzi wokuqhathanisa ohlelekile. Cela abafundi bakhombe ukufana (kokubili kwasebenzisa umlando, isiko nenhlangano ukuhlanganisa; kokubili kwafuna ukuzibusa) nomehluko (obunye buyakhipha bubusa, obunye buyabandakanya kodwa buyakhishwa). Gcizelela ukusebenzisana: ukucindezela kobuzwe bama-Afrikaner kwaqinisa ubuzwe base-Afrika, futhi ukumelana kwabase-Afrika kwaqinisa ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner. Lokhu kubumbisana kuyi-ithemba elibalulekile lokuqonda okuphakeme kwe-FET.
IZionism: ikhaya lesizwe samaJuda
IZionism yayingumkhankaso wobuzwe owawubiza ikhaya lamaJuda, ikakhulukazi njengempendulo yamakhulu eminyaka okushushiswa eYurophu.
Bebhekene nokuzonda amaJuda ngobudlova - ama-pogrom eMbusweni waseRussia kanye ne-Dreyfus Affair eFrance - u-Theodor Herzl waphikisa ku-The Jewish State (1896) ngokuthi amaJuda ayeyophepha kuphela uma enombuso wawo. IKhongolose Yokuqala YamaZionist yahlangana eBasel ngo-1897, futhi ukufuduka kwamaJuda eya ePalestine kwakhula.
Ku-Balfour Declaration (1917) iBrithani yamemezela ukusekela 'ikhaya lesizwe samaJuda' ePalestine - izwe elalinabantu abaningi kakhulu abangama-Arab ngaleso sikhathi. IBrithani yabusa iPalestine ngaphansi kwegunya leLeague of Nations emva kwango-1920, futhi ukungezwani phakathi kwemiphakathi yamaJuda neyama-Arab kwakhula.
- IZionism yaxuba ubunikazi bobuhlanga nobenkolo nesidingo sanamuhla sokuba nombuso.
- Yaqhutshwa ukushushiswa kwangempela nokubulalayo, ikakhulukazi iHolocaust yango-1941-1945.
- Kodwa izwe elaliyifuna laliyikhaya lokuvele lwabantu bama-Arab abanomuzwa wabo wobuzwe.
Speaker notes
Veza iZionism njengempendulo yokushushiswa kwangempela okubulalayo, okwafinyelela esicongweni ngeHolocaust - abafundi kufanele baqonde ukuthi kungani amaJuda amaningi ephetha ngokuthi ayedinga umbuso wawo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, cacisa ngeqiniso ukuthi iPalestine yayivele inabantu, ikakhulukazi abama-Arab, ngakho izwe elifanayo laliphethe izicelo ezimbili. [SME] Lona ngumlando obucayi ophikisanwayo kakhulu; hlala eqinisweni elivunyelwene ngalo ngokubanzi (Herzl, Basel 1897, Balfour 1917, iGunya leBrithani) futhi ugweme ukuthatha uhlangothi. Bonisa ukugxeka umthombo: iBalfour Declaration nayo yathembisa ukungalimazi amalungelo 'emiphakathi ekhona engewona amaJuda'.
1948: inkululeko nenhlekelele
Isigameko esifanayo sango-1948 sikhunjulwa yizizwe ezimbili ngezindlela eziphambene.
Emva kweHolocaust nengxabano ekhulayo, iZizwe Ezihlangene (UN) yavota ngo-1947 ukuhlukanisa iPalestine ibe ngumbuso wamaJuda nowama-Arab. Ngomhla ka-14 May 1948 abaholi bamaJuda bamemezela u-mbuso wakwa-Israel. Impi nemibuso yama-Arab engomakhelwane yalandela ngokushesha.
Ama-Israel akhumbula unyaka we-1948 njenge-Mpi Yenkululeko yawo - ukutholakala kwekhaya eliphephile. AmaPalestine awakhumbula njenge-Nakba ('inhlekelele'): kulinganiselwa kwabantu abangama-Arab abangama-700 000 ababaleka noma baxoshwa futhi abavunyelwanga ukubuyela. Izwe elilodwa, izizwe ezimbili, izinkumbulo ezimbili ezingavumelaniyo.
- Kwesinye isizwe, u-1948 wawusho ukuzibusa nokusinda.
- Kwesinye, wawusho ukwephucwa nokudingiswa.
- Lokhu kungqubuzana okungakaxazululwa kusabumba iMpumalanga Ephakathi nanamuhla.
Speaker notes
Lesi yisilayidi esibucayi kakhulu kule deki; sifundise njengesifundo ngombono nenkumbulo yomlando. Veza omabizo womabili ka-1948 eceleni komunye ngaphandle kokuwahlela ngezinga, usebenzise ulimi oluthi 'lukhunjulwa njenge'. [SME] Izibalo nezimbangela zokuphuma kwamaPalestine ziphikiswana ngempela yizazi zomlando (ukubaleka vs ukuxoshwa); veza inani elingu-700 000 njengesilinganiso futhi uqaphele impikiswano. Inhloso yokufundisa uzwelo nokugxeka umthombo: isigameko esifanayo esinamadethi siveza imilando emibili yobuzwe. Mema ingxoxo ezotha, enenhlonipho futhi ubeke imithetho yesisekelo kuqala.
Ubuzwe bama-Arab: ubunye nenkululeko
Ubuzwe bama-Arab bafuna ukukhulula abantu abakhuluma isi-Arabhu ekubusweni ngabezizwe futhi, kwabanye, ukubahlanganisa babe yisizwe esisodwa.
Njengoba uMbuso wamaOttoman wawa emva keMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, amazwe ama-Arab ahlukaniswa aba ngamagunya eBrithani neFrance. Abanobuzwe bama-Arab babengeneme ngalokhu kulawulwa ngabezizwe nemingcele eyadwetshwa ngamaYurophu, base bemelana ngokwengeziwe nokuhlaliswa kwamaZionist ePalestine.
Umkhankaso wafinyelela esicongweni ngaphansi kuka-Gamal Abdel Nasser waseGibhithe. Lapho uNasser ethathela umbuso uMsele weSuez ngo-1956 futhi wamelana nokuhlasela kweBrithani, iFrance ne-Israel, waba yiqhawe emhlabeni wonke wama-Arab kanye nophawu lwemikhankaso emelene nobukoloni kulo lonke i-Afrika ne-Asia.
- Bakhelwe olimini lwesi-Arabhu, isiko kanye (kwabaningi) inkolo yamaSulumane.
- I-Pan-Arabism yayiphupha ngokuhlanganisa wonke ama-Arab, ihlanganisa iGibhithe neSyria okwesikhashana ngo-1958.
- Yayimelene kakhulu nobukoloni futhi yagqugquzela imizabalazo yenkululeko yase-Afrika.
Speaker notes
Veza ubuzwe bama-Arab njengomunye umkhankaso omelene nobukoloni, oxhumanisa isigameko seMpumalanga Ephakathi nase-Afrika (isihloko se-CAPS sihlanganisa kokubili). UNasser neSuez 1956 bayindaba enkulu: amandla amancane emelana nababusi bakoloni bangaphambili kwavusa umhlaba odilizwa ubukoloni, kuhlanganisa ne-Afrika eseningizimu yeSahara. Qaphela ukungezwani ngaphakathi kobuzwe bama-Arab phakathi kobunye be-pan-Arab nemibuso ehlukene, nokuthi ukumelana neZionism kwakungenye yezimbangela zokubahlanganisa. Xhumanisa amandla amelene nobukoloni nobuzwe base-Afrika obufundwe ngaphambili.
Ubuzwe obubili, umhlaba owodwa
Njengaseningizimu Afrika, iMpumalanga Ephakathi yabona ubuzwe obubili bufuna izwe elifanayo.
Speaker notes
Yenza umsebenzi wokuqhathanisa ofanayo nowesilayidi saseNingizimu Afrika. Bese wenza umxhumanisi ophakathi kwezigameko ucace: kokubili iNingizimu Afrika nePalestine kukhombisa ubuzwe obubili bungqubuzana ngezwe elilodwa, kudala ingxabano ende, ebuhlungu. Cela abafundi baqhathanise hhayi nje iZionism vs ubuzwe bama-Arab, kodwa nobuzwe bama-Afrikaner vs iZionism (kokubili imincane efuna ukuphepha nokubusa) kanye nobuzwe base-Afrika vs ubuzwe bama-Arab (kokubili imikhankaso yabantu abaningi emelene nobukoloni). Lokhu kuqhathanisa okune ngukona kanye ukucabanga okuphakeme okunikwa umklomelo yi-CAPS.
Ubuzwe: amandla ahlanganisa aphinde ahlukanise
Kuzo zonke izigameko ezine, ubuzwe banika abantu ubunikazi nenkululeko - futhi badweba imigqa eyaholela engxabaneni.
- 1897 IKhongolose Yokuqala YamaZionist, eBasel
- 1912 I-SANNC (kamuva i-ANC) yasungulwa eNingizimu Afrika
- 1917 IBalfour Declaration ngekhaya 'lesizwe' lamaJuda
- 1918 I-Afrikaner Broederbond yasungulwa
- 1944 I-ANC Youth League iqinisa ubuzwe base-Afrika
- 1948 I-National Party iwina amandla; umbuso wakwa-Israel umenyezelwa / iNakba
- 1956 UNasser neSuez Crisis: isicongo sobuzwe bama-Arab
Speaker notes
Hlanganisa ngalo mugqa wesikhathi owabelwayo ukuze abafundi babone imikhankaso emine izenzeka enkathini efanayo, ithonyana (ukumelana nobukoloni kwasabalalisa imibono ngaphesheya kwemingcele). Dweba umbono ophethayo: ubuzwe bungamandla anezinhlangothi ezimbili - baqhuba inkululeko ebukoloni nasebandlululweni, kodwa lapho izizwe ezimbili zifuna izwe elilodwa badala ukwephucwa nengxabano ehlala isikhathi eside. Qaphela u-1948 njengonyaka ohluzayo omangalisayo ovela ezigamekweni ezimbili ezehlukene ngesikhathi esisodwa.
Ukubukeza: ukuqhathanisa ubuzwe
Sebenzisa uhlaka lwemibuzo emihlanu nezinqhathaniso ukuze uphendule imibuzo engezansi.
Kulesi sifundo sichaze ubuzwe, sehlukanisa ubuzwe bobuzwelapho kubuzwe bobuhlanga, saqhathanisa imikhankaso emine: ubuzwe bama-Afrikaner nobuzwe base-Afrika eNingizimu Afrika, kanye ne-Zionism nobuzwe bama-Arab eMpumalanga Ephakathi. Ezifundeni zombili ubuzwe obubili bafuna izwe elifanayo, kwaba nemiphumela efinyelela kude.
Q. Chaza umehluko phakathi kobuzwe bobuzwelapho nobuzwe bobuhlanga, usebenzisa isibonelo ESISODWA saseNingizimu Afrika nesibonelo ESISODWA saseMpumalanga Ephakathi. (6 marks)
Q. Qhathanisa imvelaphi yobuzwe bama-Afrikaner nobuzwe base-Afrika. Bhekisela okungenani ekufaneni okubili nasemehlukweni emibili. (8 marks)
Q. 'Izigameko zango-1948 zazisho inkululeko esizweni esisodwa nokulahlekelwa kwesinye.' Usebenzisa isibonelo saseNingizimu Afrika NOMA esama-Israel-Palestine, xoxa ngokuthi umzuzu owodwa womlando ungakhunjulwa kanjani ngezindlela eziphambene. (6 marks)
Speaker notes
Sebenzisa imibuzo emithathu njengomsebenzi obhaliwe noma inkulumompikiswano yekilasi ehlelekile; ukwabiwa kwamamaki kulingisa izitayela ze-CAPS zokubhala okwandisiwe nezisekelwe emithonjeni. Umbuzo 3 uhlola ngokusobala ikhono lokuqonda inkumbulo ephikiswanwayo nombono, okuyingxenye ebalulekile yalesi sihloko. Khumbuza abafundi ukuba baphikise besebenzisa ubufakazi futhi bamelele uhlangothi ngalunye ngokungakhethi. [SME] Ngaphambi kokuhlola izinto zase-Israel/Palestine, qiniseka ukuthi isiqondiso somnyango sokufundisa lesi sihloko esiphikiswanwayo silandelwe nokuthi kunikwe uhla lwemithombo eyahlukene.
- Grade
- Grade 11
- Subject
- History
- CAPS topic
- Nationalisms: South Africa, the Middle East and Africa
- Resource type
- Presentation