Imiphakathi emine ecebileko, enamandla begodu ehluke khulu - iMing China, iSonghai, iMughal India neYurophu - ngaphambi kobanyana iphasi lihlanganiswe ngesikhathi somtlhaba woke.
Speaker notes
Vula ngokutjhijila ukucabanga okujwayelekileko kobanyana iYurophu 'yayibusa' iphasi ngo-1600. Eqinisweni beyingakwenzi lokho. Malungana no-1600 iimbuso ecebe khulu, enabantu abanengi begodu ephethwe kuhle beyise-Asia nase-Afrika. Beka umsebenzi omkhulu wesifundo: ukumadanisa imiphakathi emine emikhulu ngokulinganako, nokubuza bona kubayini ibhalansi yamandla izokutjhentjha eemnyakeni ezilandelako. Chaza bona 'malungana no-1600' kutjho malungana no-1450 ukuya ku-1650.
U-1600 usikhathi esiqakathekileko - ngaphambi kobanyana ukwanda kweYurophu ngaphandle kutjhentjhe iphasi.
Ukufunda imiphakathi eminengi ngesikhathi sinye kusivumela bona simadanise ngokulinganako, esikhundleni sokutjho indaba yeYurophu kwaphela. Malungana no-1600 iindawo zephasi ezinamandla, ezinelwazi neenobunobono bezise ngaphandle kweYurophu.
- Kubeka isisekelo ngaphambi kobanyana ukwanda kwabathumbi beYurophu kukhuphuke.
- Kulungisa umbono osekelwe eYurophu ngokutjengisa iimbuso ye-Afrika ne-Asia enelwazi.
- Kusiza ukuhlathulula imisuka yokunqotjhwa, ukurhweba nokugqilaza okuza ngemva okwenza iSewula Afrika.
Speaker notes
Gandelela injongo yokuhlaziya (izinga le-FET): ukumadanisa, umbono nombangela. Yelelisa abafundi ngokulwa nendaba ethi 'iYurophu beyihlala iphambili' - akusiliqiniso emlandweni ngo-1600. Hlanganisa nangaphambili: iDutch East India Company (VOC), eyasungulwa ngo-1602, yasungula isiteyitjhi sokuphumula eKapa ngo-1652, okungebanga esithombe sephasi liqakatheke ngalo emlandweni weSewula Afrika.
Umphakathi ngamunye bewuhlelwe ngokuhlukileko, kodwana ngamunye bewucebile begodu uthuthuke khulu.
iMing China
Umbuso omkhulu begodu ocebe khulu ephasini - umbuso omkhulu ophethwe ngokuhlanganeko usebenza ngeenceku zombuso eziqeqetjhiweko.
iSonghai
Umbuso omkhulu weTjhingalanga ye-Afrika ngeminyaka yabo-1500, owakhelwe egoldeni, itswayini nokufunda kwe-Islam.
iMughal India
Umbuso ocebileko, ohlukahlukeneko odumele ngeenlukwa, ubuciko na (ngaphasi kwaka-Akbar) ukukhulumisana ngokwezekolo.
iYurophu
Ingasi mbuso munye kodwana iimbuso eminengi eqophisanako - ehlukene, eqophisanako begodu ejikela elwandle.
Speaker notes
Sebenzisa amakhadi la amane njengebalazwe lesifundo soke - iimtlhalo ezine ezilandelako zithatha ngayinye ngokwayo. Buza abafundi bona baqagele, kusukela emisheni le kwaphela, bona ngiwuphi umphakathi abacabanga bona bewunamandla khulu ngo-1600 begodu kubayini. Abanengi bazokuqagela iYurophu; isifundo sizokwenza umqagelo lo ube budisi.
Malungana no-1600 iChina beyinabantu abanengi khulu begodu mhlamunye beyicebe khulu ephasini loke.
IMing dynasty beyibusa umbuso ohlanganisiweko wabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezili-100. Umbuso bewuphethwe ngabaphathi abaqeqetjhiweko abakhethwe ngeenhlolo zeenceku zombuso ezidisako, ezazihlola ilwazi lemitlolo ye-Confucius. Umbusi bewubusa asendlini eyaliweko iForbidden City eBeijing.
- IChina beyithumela isilika, itiye neporcelain ecolekileko ngaphandle, ibiza isiliva esinengi se-America neJapane.
- Iinkepe zomnotho zangaphambili zeMing ngaphasi kwaka-Admiral Zheng He (1405-1433) bezikhambe zafika eTjhingalanga ye-Afrika.
- Ngo-1600 umbuso bewusele ujikele ngaphakathi, unciphisa ukukhamba elwandle begodu wakha bebutjha uBoda Omkhulu (Great Wall).
Speaker notes
Gandelela ubukhulu nobunobono: umbuso osekelwe ekghonweni iimnyaka eminengi ngaphambi kobanyana iYurophu ibe nawo, nomnotho omkhulu obumuka isiliva esinengi sephasi. Hlathulula ukuqakatheka kokujika kweenkepe zomnotho - bekuyikhetho, ingasi ukungakghoni - okwatjho bona iChina beyingafuni umbuso ngaphandle njengombana abeYurophu bathoma. [SME] Qinisekisa iinbalo zabantu neenbalo zomnotho wesiliva ngokusebenzisa incwadi yanamhlanjesi ngaphambi kokukhipha.
Umbuso omkhulu emlandweni weTjhingalanga ye-Afrika, esikhathini sawo esiphezulu ngeminyaka yabo-1400 nabo-1500.
Osekelwe edorobheni le-Gao emlanjeni iNiger, iSonghai yakhula yaba namandla ngaphasi kwaka-Sunni Ali khulukhulu ngaphasi kwaka-Askia Muhammad (owabusa 1493-1528). Ubunobono bawo baphuma ekulawuleni ukurhweba okuwela iSahara ngegolide netswayini, begodu bewumbuso we-Islam onombuso oqinileko nebutho.
- ITimbuktu neDjenne bezidumele njengeendawo zokufunda kwe-Islam, zineminyuvesi nemitlamo yemitlolo.
- Abarhwebi baphambanisa igolide yeTjhingalanga ye-Afrika ngetswayini, ilaphi, iincwadi namahhashi avela eTlhagwini ye-Afrika.
- Ngo-1591 ibutho leMorocco elinamavimbela lehlula iSonghai eMlweni weTondibi, umbuso wahlukana.
Speaker notes
Isithombe lesi sinesihloko esiqakathekileko: eqinisweni, iSonghai yawa ngo-1591, ngaphambi kwaka-1600. ICAPS isafunda njengomphakathi omkhulu 'malungana no-1600' ngombana wabusa iTjhingalanga ye-Afrika iimnyaka elikhulu ngaphambili. Yiba nekukhanya kubafundi ngesikhathesi. Sebenzisa imitlolo yeTimbuktu ukulwa nendaba ethi i-Afrika yangaphambi kwabathumbi beyingenalwazi olutloliweko. [SME] Qinisekisa iinsuku zaka-Askia Muhammad nesuku laka-1591/uMlwa weTondibi ngokusebenzisa iincwadi zeSonghai zeSAHO.
Malungana no-1600 umbuso weMughal ngaphasi kwaka-Akbar bewumunye weembuso ecebe khulu begodu enesiko ephasini.
Umbuso weMughal (owasungulwa 1526) bewulawula ingcenye enkulu ye-India. Umbusi wawo omkhulu, u-Akbar (owabusa 1556-1605), wakha ihlelo lomthelo nokuphatha elisebenzako begodu wakhuthaza umgomo wokukhulumisana ngokwezekolo (sulh-i-kul, 'ukuthula nabo boke') phakathi kwamaHindu, amaMuslim nabanye.
- I-India beyingumkhiqizi omkhulu wemikhiqizo yekotini ecolekileko, ethengiselwana kilo lo-Asia, i-Afrika neYurophu.
- Iinkhundla zeMughal zakhiqiza ubuciko obuhle, ukwakha (ngemva iTaj Mahal) nemitlolo.
- Amakampani wokurhweba weYurophu afika e-India njengamabambiswano amancani afuna ukufinyelela emikhiqizweni yayo.
Speaker notes
Veza amaphuzu amabili wokumadanisa: ubunobono beMughal (ibhizinisi lekotini le-India belinamandla ephasini loke) nokukhulumisana kwaka-Akbar okuhlelwe, okumadaniso oqinileko nemilwa yezekolo yeYurophu yesikhathi esifanako. Qaphela ubudlelwane bamandla: abarhwebi beYurophu bafika njengabacela, ingasi njengabanqobi - okuphambene nesithombe sabathumbi esiza ngemva. Lokhu kwenza indlela yamandla wango-1600 ibonakale ngendlela etjha.
Ingasi mbuso munye kodwana iimbuso eminengi eqophisanako - ehlukene, engakhululekiko begodu ijikela ngaphandle.
IYurophu malungana no-1600 beyihlukene iba yiimbuso eqophisanako namadorobho, ingakhululekiswa yiRenaissance,iReformation nemilwa yezekolo yayo. Incani begodu incaphaza kunayo iMing China nofana iMughal India, kodwana beyithuthukisa amathulusi amatjha aqakathekileko: umtjhini wokugadangisa (printing press), amavimbela wegumpowder, iinkepe zelwandle namakampani we-joint-stock.
- IPortugali neSpeyini beselivule iindlela zelwandle eziya e-America, e-Afrika nase-Asia.
- Amakampani weEast India weNgisi (1600) newama-Dutch (VOC, 1602) asungulelwa ukuzuza kukurhweba lwe-Asia.
- Ukuqophisana phakathi kweembuso kwatjhukumisela ukuhlola, imilwa nokuthoma kwamakoloni ngaphandle.
Speaker notes
Lungisa ubukhulu: ngo-1600 iYurophu beyisemaphethelweni, ingasi ephakathi. Umahluko wayo bekungasi ubukhulu nofana ubunobono kodwana ukuhlangana kokuqophisana, amandla welwandle, imali (amakampani we-joint-stock) nobuchwepheshe bemilwa, kanye nokufinyelela esiliveni se-America nomhlaba. Ethula iVOC lapha ukwenzela bona abafundi babambelele entambeni eya eKapa ngo-1652. Beka ukwanda kweYurophu ngokungakhethiko nje; iimiso yokuziphatha izokuza eemtlhalweni ezilandelako.
Funa iimphethephethe zokufana nokuhluka kombuso, ubunobono nombono.
Speaker notes
Lesi sihloko esisemthini wesifundo sokuhlaziya. Bonisa ukucabanga kokumadanisa: khetha isihloko (isb. umbuso, ikolo, nofana umbono ngokwanda kwangaphandle) begodu ukulandele kiyo yoke imiphakathi emine. Sunduza abafundi bedlule ekutloleni amaqiniso baye ekuhlathululeni ukuqakatheka - khulukhulu umahluko phakathi kweChina ejikela ngaphakathi neYurophu ejikela ngaphandle, okusiza ukuhlathulula ukutjhentjha kwamandla wephasi kwangemva.
Ngo-1600 imikhiqizo, isiliva, imibono nabantu bebakhamba phakathi kwayo yoke imiphakathi le.
Imiphakathi le beyingakahlukani. Iindlela eziwela iSahara zahlanganisa iTjhingalanga ye-Afrika neMediterranean; inethiweki ye-Indian Ocean yahlanganisa iTjhingalanga ye-Afrika, i-Arabia, i-India neChina; begodu iindlela ezitjha ze-Atlantic zahlanganisa iYurophu, i-Afrika ne-America. Isiliva se-America saya empumalanga ukuthenga isilika neporcelain yeChina.
- Igolide, itswayini, amazinyo weendlovu, iinlukwa, iinongo neporcelain kwawela iinkontinenti.
- Iindlela ze-Atlantic zaphatha godu ukurhweba okukhulako, okunelunya kweengqila zeAfrika.
- 'Isikhathi sokuthoma sephasi loke' sabeka isiseko sokwanda kwabathumbi beYurophu.
Speaker notes
Gandelela ukuhlangana: u-1600 uvame ukubizwa njengokuthoma 'kwesikhathi sokuthoma sephasi loke' ngombana kokuthoma zoke iindawo ezikhulu zephasi bezihlanganiswe yikurhweba okuqinileko. Ethula ukurhweba ngeengqila okuwela i-Atlantic ngeqiniso kodwana ngendlela efanele ubudala lapha - kubize njengehlelo lokusebenza ngekani nokutlhaga kwabantu okwakhula kunye nokurhweba, ngaphandle kweenthombe ezimbi. Kuzabuya esithombeni sokuziphatha.
- 1368 IMing dynasty yasungulwa eChina
- 1493 U-Askia Muhammad wathoma isikhathi segolide seSonghai
- 1526 Umbuso weMughal wasungulwa e-India
- 1556 U-Akbar waba mbusi weMughal
- 1591 Ukuhlasela kweMorocco kwaqeda umbuso weSonghai
- 1600-02 Amakampani weEast India weNgisi newama-Dutch (VOC) asungulwa
- 1652 IVOC yathoma isiteyitjhi sokuphumula eKapa
Speaker notes
Sebenzisa umugca wesikhathi ukulungisa ukulandelana nokwenza ukuhlangana kweSewula Afrika kukhanye ekugcineni: ukwanda kokurhweba kweYurophu okubonakala ngo-1600 kwafika eKapa ngo-1652. Buza abafundi bona baqaphele bona u-1591 (ukuwa kweSonghai) no-1600-1602 (amakampani wokurhweba) baseduze kangangani - ukudluliselwa kwamandla okumumatha.
Ubufakazi baka-1600 buqophisana nombono wokobana iYurophu beyihlala idosa phambili ephasini.
Isikhathi eside umlando bewutlolwe khulu ngombono weYurophu, uthatha eminye imiphakathi njenge 'engakathuthuki'. Iphasi lango-1600 litjengisa okuphambene: iChina, iSonghai neMughal India bezithuthuke njenge - kanengi zithuthuke ukudlula - iYurophu. Abalando abahle balinganisa imibono ehlukahlukeneko begodu babuza imithombo yabo.
- Buza bona ngubani owakhiqiza umthombo, begodu iphi ilizwi elingekhoko.
- Iimphumelelo ze-Afrika ne-Asia ziphakathi, ingasi umbhalo wangaphasi, emlandweni wephasi.
- Ukuzwisisa u-1600 ngokulinganako kusisiza ukuzwisisa bona amandla atjhentjha njani ngemva - begodu kubayini.
Speaker notes
Isithombe lesi sakha ikghono le-CAPS lokusebenza ngombono nomkhethe. Khuthaza abafundi bona baqale ubungozi bendaba eyodwa. Yihlanganise nesimo sabo: umlando omnengi wokuthumba eSewula Afrika bewutlolwa isikhathi eside ngombono wabahlali. Ukulungisa akusi kwakuphendukela endabeni etja kodwana ukulinganisa ubufakazi ngokuqophololako.
Iphasi elihlanganisiweko lango-1600 godu lavula umnyango wokunqoba nokurhweba ngabantu ababanjelwe ekugqilazweni.
Ukwanda kweYurophu ngaphandle kwaletha ukurhweba nokuhlangana okutja, kodwana godu kwaletha ukunqoba kwabathumbi nokukhula kokurhweba ngeengqila okuwela i-Atlantic okwabophelela iingidi zabantu be-Afrika ebugqileni. Sikufunda ngeqiniso, sikhumbula bona kwakubantu abaphilako, ingasi iimbalo kwaphela.
Umlando awusi ngabanamandla kwaphela; kufuze godu ubuyise iimhlangano zalabo abanqotjhwa, abarhwetjelwana ngabo begodu abathuliswa. Umgomo osebenza ekufundeni u-1600
- Ukwanda bekunabanqobi neengeleyilo - bobabili bafanele ukubaphakathi emlandweni.
- Ilifa lokurhweba ngeengqila lisatjhentjha imiphakathi, kubandakanya iSewula Afrika, namhlanjesi.
Speaker notes
Sondela esithombeni lesi ngokutjhejisisa nangokuhlonipha. Umnqopho kukuba neqiniso ngaphandle kokubaxa: qamba udlame lwabathumbi nokurhweba ngeengqila ngokukhanyako, wamukele ubuntu babagqilazwa nababanqotjhwa, begodu balekele iinthombe ezimbi. Mema ikulumiswano ecabangako (ingasi elimazako). Lokhu kubopha umkhawulo wokuziphatha iCAPS ekulindeleko begodu kuhlanganisa umlando wephasi nomlando weSewula Afrika.
Malungana no-1600 amandla amakhulu wephasi bewasabalele e-Asia nase-Afrika; ukukhuphuka kweYurophu bekusaza ngemva.
IMing China, iSonghai neMughal India bezicebile, ziphethwe kuhle begodu zinesiko elinotho, kukulapho iYurophu ehlukeneko beyisathoma ukufinyelela ngaphandle. Ukurhweba kwahlanganisa amaphasi la - begodu ukuhlangana loko bekuzokutjhentjha msinyana ibhalansi yamandla wephasi, ekugcineni kufike eKapa.
Q. Madanisa iMing China neYurophu malungana no-1600 mayelana nokuhlelwa kwepolitiki nombono ngokwanda ngaphandle. (8 marks)
Q. Hlathulula bona ukurhweba kwahlanganisa njani iTjhingalanga ye-Afrika, i-India neChina nephasi elibanzi ngo-1600. Sebenzisa okungenani iimnethiweki yokurhweba emibili. (6 marks)
Q. "Ngo-1600, iYurophu beyingakabi yingcenye enamandla khulu yephasi." Usebenzisa ubufakazi obuvela emiphakathini emibili okungenani, uyavuma? Hlathulula ipendulo yakho. (10 marks)
Speaker notes
Phetha ngokubuyela embuzweni wokuvula: ngubani obekaphambili ngo-1600? Ubufakazi butjho ingasi iYurophu. Sebenzisa imibuzo emithathu ekuhloleni okutloliweko nofana ekuphikisaneni; ubunzima bemaki bulingisa imisebenzi ye-CAPS esekelwe emithonjeni nokutlola okwandisiweko. Umbuzo wemaki eli-10 ngesibawo sokutlola okwandisiweko esifuna umnqophiso wobufakazi ohlanzekileko. Khumbuza abafundi bona isihloko lesi sibeka isiseko sokufunda kweBanga 10 kwangemva ngokwanda kwabathumbi eSewula Afrika.
- Grade
- Grade 10
- Subject
- History
- CAPS topic
- The world around 1600
- Resource type
- Presentation