Imiphakathi emine ecebile, enamandla nehluke kakhulu - iMing yaseShayina, iSonghai, iMughal yaseNdiya kanye neYurophu - lapho sekuseduze isikhathi sezwe elixhumene emhlabeni wonke.
Speaker notes
Qala ngokuphonsela inselele umbono ojwayelekile wokuthi iYurophu 'yayibusa' umhlaba ngo-1600. Empeleni yayingabusi. Cishe ngo-1600 amazwe acebe kakhulu, anabantu abaningi kanye nawohulumeni abaphathwe ngobuchule ayese-Asia nase-Afrika. Beka umsebenzi omkhulu wesifundo: ukuqhathanisa imiphakathi emine emikhulu ngendlela enobulungiswa, nokubuza ukuthi kungani ibhalansi lamandla lalizoshintsha kumakhulu eminyaka alandelayo. Chaza ukuthi 'cishe ngo-1600' kusho cishe u-1450-1650.
U-1600 uyisikhathi sokuguquka - ngaphambi nje kokuthi ukwanda kweYurophu ngaphesheya kolwandle kuguqule umhlaba.
Ukufunda ngemiphakathi eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa kusivumela ukuthi siyiqhathanise ngendlela enobulungiswa, esikhundleni sokulandisa umlando weYurophu kuphela. Cishe ngo-1600 izikhungo zomhlaba zomcebo, zolwazi namandla zaziseningi ngaphandle kweYurophu.
- Kubeka isisekelo ngaphambi kokuthi ukwanda kwamakoloni aseYurophu kusheshise.
- Kulungisa umbono ogxile eYurophu ngokukhombisa amazwe ase-Afrika nase-Asia acophelele.
- Kusiza ukuchaza izimpande zokunqoba, uhwebo kanye nobugqila okwaguqula iNingizimu Afrika kamuva.
Speaker notes
Gcizelela injongo yokuhlaziya (izinga le-FET): ukuqhathanisa, imibono ehlukene kanye nembangela. Xwayisa abafundi ngokulandisa okuthi 'iYurophu yayihlala iphambili' - lokho akulona iqiniso ngokomlando ngo-1600. Xhuma phambili: iDutch East India Company (i-VOC), eyasungulwa ngo-1602, kamuva yayizosungula isiteshi sokuvuselela eKapa ngo-1652, yingakho lesi sithombe somhlaba wonke sibalulekile emlandweni waseNingizimu Afrika.
Umphakathi ngamunye wawuhlelwe ngendlela ehlukile, kodwa ngamunye wawucebile futhi uthuthuke kakhulu.
iMing yaseShayina
Izwe elikhulu neliceba kunawo wonke emhlabeni - umbuso omkhulu ohlanganisiwe ophethwe abasebenzi bakahulumeni abaqeqeshiwe.
iSonghai
Umbuso omkhulu waseNtshonalanga Afrika wangeminyaka yawo-1500, owakhelwe egolideni, kusawoti nasekufundeni kwamaSulumane.
iMughal yaseNdiya
Umbuso ocebile, onezinhlobonhlobo, odume ngezindwangu, ubuciko kanye (ngaphansi kuka-Akbar) nokubekezelela izinkolo.
iYurophu
Hhayi izwe elilodwa kodwa imibuso eminingi eqhudelanayo - ehlukene, encintisanayo futhi iphendukela olwandle.
Speaker notes
Sebenzisa lawa makhadi amane njengebalazwe lesifundo sonke - amaslayidi amane alandelayo athatha ngamunye ngokulandelana. Cela abafundi ukuthi babikezele, ngale mishwana emifushane kuphela, ukuthi bacabanga ukuthi yimuphi umphakathi owawunamandla amakhulu ngo-1600 nokuthi kungani. Iningi lizoqagela iYurophu; isifundo sizowenza mumbe lowo mqagelo.
Cishe ngo-1600 iShayina yayinabantu abaningi futhi mhlawumbe iyona miphakathi eyayiceba kunayo yonke emhlabeni.
Ubukhosi be-Ming babusa umbuso ohlangene wabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-100. Uhulumeni wawuphethwe abasebenzi abangongoti abakhethwa ngokusebenzisa izivivinyo zabasebenzi bakahulumeni ezinzima, ezazihlola ulwazi lwemibhalo yamaConfucius. Umbusi wayebusa ese-Forbidden City eBeijing.
- iShayina yayithumela ngaphandle usilika, itiye kanye nesitsha esihle sebumba, idonsela ngaphakathi inqwaba yesiliva laseMelika naseJapane.
- Imikhumbi yamagugu yeMing yangaphambili ngaphansi kuka-Admiral Zheng He (1405-1433) yayikade ihambe iya ekude njengaseMpumalanga Afrika.
- Ngo-1600 umbuso wawusuphendukele ngaphakathi kakhulu, ukhawulela uhambo lwaphesheya kolwandle futhi wakha kabusha uGreat Wall.
Speaker notes
Gcizelela ubukhulu nobuchule: uhulumeni osekelwe kumakhono amakhulu eminyaka ngaphambi kokuthi iningi leYurophu libe nawo, kanye nomnotho omkhulu kangangokuthi wamunca iningi lesiliva lomhlaba. Chaza ukubaluleka kokuhoxiswa kwemikhumbi yamagugu - kwakuwukukhetha, hhayi ukwehluleka - okwakusho ukuthi iShayina yayingazingeli imibuso yaphesheya njengoba nje amaYurophu ayeqala. [SME] Qinisekisa izibalo zabantu nezohwebo lwesiliva kancwadi lwamanje lwesikole ngaphambi kokukhipha.
Umbuso omkhulu kunayo yonke emlandweni waseNtshonalanga Afrika, esikhathini sawo esiphakeme phakathi neminyaka yawo-1400 nawo-1500.
Ugxile edolobheni lase-Gao emfuleni iNiger, iSonghai yakhula yaba namandla ngaphansi kuka-Sunni Ali ikakhulukazi u-Askia Muhammad (owabusa ngo-1493-1528). Umcebo wayo wawuvela ekulawuleni uhwebo oludabula iSahara lwegolide nosawoti, futhi wawuyizwe lamaSulumane elinohulumeni oqinile kanye nebutho.
- iTimbuktu neDjenne kwakuyizikhungo ezidumile zokufunda kwamaSulumane, ezinamanyuvesi namalabhulali emibhalo yesandla.
- Abahwebi babeshintshanisa igolide laseNtshonalanga Afrika ngosawoti, indwangu, izincwadi namahhashi avela eNyakatho Afrika.
- Ngo-1591 ibutho laseMorocco elinezibhamu lehlula iSonghai eMpini yaseTondibi, futhi umbuso wahlakazeka.
Speaker notes
Leli slayidi liphethe iphuzu elibalulekile: ngokoqobo, iSonghai yawa ngo-1591, ngaphambi nje kuka-1600. ICAPS isayifunda njengomphakathi omkhulu 'cishe ngo-1600' ngoba yabusa iNtshonalanga Afrika ikhulu leminyaka elandulele. Yiba nesiqiniseko kubafundi ngale sikhathi. Sebenzisa imibhalo yesandla yaseTimbuktu ukuphikisa inganekwane yokuthi i-Afrika yangaphambi kwamakoloni yayingenalo ulwazi olubhaliwe. [SME] Qinisekisa izinsuku zika-Askia Muhammad kanye nosuku luka-1591/iMpi yaseTondibi ngokwesihloko seSonghai se-SAHO.
Cishe ngo-1600 uMbuso weMughal ngaphansi kuka-Akbar wawungomunye wemibuso eceba futhi enamasiko amahle kunayo yonke emhlabeni.
UMbuso weMughal (owasungulwa ngo-1526) wawulawula iningi lezwekazi laseNdiya. Umbusi wawo omkhulu, u-Akbar (owabusa ngo-1556-1605), wakha uhlelo lwentela nolokuphatha olusebenza kahle futhi wagqugquzela inqubomgomo yokubekezelela izinkolo (sulh-i-kul, 'ukuthula nabo bonke') phakathi kwamaHindu, amaSulumane nabanye.
- iNdiya yayingumkhiqizi ophambili emhlabeni wezindwangu zikakotini ezinhle, ezazihwetshwa kulo lonke i-Asia, i-Afrika neYurophu.
- Amakhosi eMughal akhiqiza ubuciko obumangalisayo, izakhiwo (kamuva iTaj Mahal) nemibhalo.
- Izinkampani zohwebo zaseYurophu zafika eNdiya njengabalingani abancane befuna ukufinyelela empahleni yayo.
Speaker notes
Gqamisa amaphuzu amabili okuqhathanisa: umcebo weMughal (imboni yezindwangu yaseNdiya yayibusa umhlaba wonke) kanye nokubekezela okuhlosiwe kuka-Akbar, okuwumehluko omkhulu ezimpini zenkolo zaseYurophu zesikhathi esifanayo. Qaphela ubudlelwano bamandla: abahwebi baseYurophu bafika njengabacelayo, hhayi abanqobi - okuphambene nesithombe samakoloni kamuva. Lokhu kubukisa kabusha inkomba yamandla ngeminyaka yawo-1600.
Hhayi umbuso owodwa kodwa amazwe amaningi encintisanayo - ehlukene, angakhululekile futhi aphendukela ngaphandle.
iYurophu cishe ngo-1600 yayihlukaniswe yaba imibuso eqhudelanayo namadolobha-mazwe, ikhathazwa yiRenaissance, iReformation kanye nezimpi zayo zenkolo. Yayincane futhi impofu kuneMing yaseShayina noma iMughal yaseNdiya, kodwa noma kunjalo yayakha amathuluzi amasha ayezoba nomthelela omkhulu: umshini wokucindezela (i-printing press), izikhali zomsizi, imikhumbi ehamba olwandle kanye nezinkampani zamasheya ahlanganyelwe.
- iPhurtugali neSpain kwase kuvule izindlela zolwandle eziya eMelika, e-Afrika nase-Asia.
- Izinkampani zaseNgilandi (1600) nezaseDashi (i-VOC, 1602) zaseMpumalanga Ndiya zasungulwa ukuze zizuze kuhwebo lwase-Asia.
- Ukuncintisana phakathi kwamazwe kwaqhuba ukuhlola, izimpi kanye nokuqala kwamakoloni aphesheya.
Speaker notes
Lungisa ukulandelana: ngo-1600 iYurophu yayisemaphethelweni, hhayi enkabeni. Inzuzo yayo yayingesona ubukhulu noma umcebo kodwa inhlanganisela yokuncintisana, amandla olwandle, ezimali (izinkampani zamasheya ahlanganyelwe) kanye nobuchwepheshe bezempi, kuhlanganise nokufinyelela esiliveni laseMelika nasemhlabeni. Yethula i-VOC lapha ukuze abafundi babambe intambo eya eKapa ngo-1652. Chaza ukwanda kweYurophu ngokungakhethi manje; ukuziphatha kuza kumaslayidi alandelayo.
Bheka amaphethini okufana nawokwehluka kuhulumeni, umcebo kanye nombono.
Speaker notes
Lena yinhliziyo yokuhlaziya yesifundo. Bonisa ukucabanga okuqhathanisayo: khetha isihloko (isb. uhulumeni, inkolo, noma umbono ngokwanda kwaphesheya) uwulandele kuyo yonke imiphakathi emine. Qhubekisela abafundi ngale kokubhala amaqiniso kuye ekuchazeni ukubaluleka - ikakhulukazi umehluko phakathi kweShayina ephendukela ngaphakathi neYurophu ephendukela ngaphandle, okusiza ukuchaza izinguquko zamandla omhlaba kamuva.
Ngo-1600 impahla, isiliva, imibono nabantu babehamba phakathi kwayo yonke le miphakathi.
Le miphakathi yayingazilili yodwa. Izindlela ezidabula iSahara zaxhuma iNtshonalanga Afrika neMeditera; inethiwekhi ye-Indian Ocean yaxhuma iMpumalanga Afrika, i-Arabia, iNdiya neShayina; futhi izindlela ezintsha ze-Atlantic zahlanganisa iYurophu, i-Afrika neMelika. Isiliva laseMelika lageleza liya empumalanga lithenga usilika nebumba laseShayina.
- Igolide, usawoti, izinyo lendlovu, izindwangu, iziyoliso nebumba kwawela amazwekazi.
- Izindlela ze-Atlantic zaziphinde zithwale uhwebo olukhulayo, olunonya lwabantu base-Afrika abagqilaziwe.
- Lesi 'sikhathi sokuqala somhlaba wonke' sabeka isisekelo sokwanda kwamakoloni aseYurophu.
Speaker notes
Qinisa ukuxhumana: u-1600 uvame ukubizwa ngokuqala 'kwesikhathi sokuqala somhlaba wonke' ngoba okokuqala zonke izifunda ezinkulu zomhlaba zaxhunyaniswa ngohwebo oluvamile. Yethula uhwebo lwezigqila lwe-Atlantic ngokwethembeka kodwa ngokufaneleka ngokweminyaka lapha - lubize njengohlelo lwabasebenzi abaphoqelelwe nokuhlupheka kwabantu olwakhula kanye nalolu hwebo, ngaphandle kwemininingwane eshaqisayo. Lubuya kuslayidi lokuziphatha.
- 1368 Ubukhosi beMing basungulwa eShayina
- 1493 U-Askia Muhammad uqala isikhathi segolide seSonghai
- 1526 UMbuso weMughal usungulwa eNdiya
- 1556 U-Akbar uba umbusi weMughal
- 1591 Ukuhlasela kwaseMorocco kuqeda uMbuso weSonghai
- 1600-02 Izinkampani zaseNgilandi neDashi (i-VOC) zaseMpumalanga Ndiya zasungulwa
- 1652 I-VOC iqala isiteshi sokuvuselela eKapa
Speaker notes
Sebenzisa uhla lwezikhathi ukulungisa ukulandelana nokwenza ukuxhumana neNingizimu Afrika kucace ekupheleni: ukwanda kohwebo kweYurophu okufanayo obonakala ngo-1600 kwafika eKapa ngo-1652. Cela abafundi ukuthi baqaphele ukuthi zisondelene kangakanani u-1591 (ukuwa kweSonghai) no-1600-1602 (izinkampani zohwebo) - ukudluliselwa okungakwamandla.
Ubufakazi buka-1600 buphonsela inselele umbono wokuthi iYurophu yayihlala ingumholi womhlaba.
Isikhathi eside umlando wawubhalwa ikakhulukazi ngombono waseYurophu, uphatha eminye imiphakathi 'njengesalele emuva'. Umhlaba ka-1600 ubonisa okuphambene: iShayina, iSonghai neMughal yaseNdiya kwakuthuthuke njenge - ngokuvamile ngaphezu kwe - Yurophu. Izazi-mlando ezinhle zilinganisa imibono ehlukene futhi ziyayibuza imithombo yazo.
- Buza ukuthi ubani owakhiqiza umthombo, nokuthi iphi izwi elingekho.
- Impumelelo yase-Afrika nase-Asia isemqoka, hhayi umbhalo ophansi, emlandweni womhlaba.
- Ukuqonda u-1600 ngokunobulungiswa kusisiza siqonde indlela amandla ashintsha ngayo kamuva - nokuthi kungani.
Speaker notes
Leli slayidi lakha ikhono le-CAPS lokusebenza nombono nokuchema. Khuthaza abafundi ukuthi baqambe ingozi yendaba eyodwa. Xhuma nesimo sabo: iningi lomlando wobukoloni eNingizimu Afrika lalulokhu lulandiswa ngombono wabahlali. Ukulungisa akukhona ukushintshela enganekwaneni entsha kodwa ukulinganisa ubufakazi ngokucophelela.
Umhlaba oxhumene wango-1600 waphinde wavula umnyango wokunqoba nohwebo lwabantu abagqilaziwe.
Ukwanda kweYurophu kwaphesheya kwaletha uhwebo olusha nokuxhumana, kodwa kwaphinde kwaletha ukunqoba kwamakoloni kanye nohwebo lwezigqila lwe-Atlantic olukhulayo olwaphoqa izigidi zabantu base-Afrika ebugqilini. Sikufunda ngokwethembeka lokhu, sikhumbula ukuthi laba kwakungabantu bangempela, hhayi izibalo nje.
Umlando awukona okwabanamandla kuphela; kufanele futhi ubuyise okuhlangenwe nakho kwalabo abanqotshwa, abahwetshwa nabathuliswa. Umgomo oholayo wokufunda u-1600
- Ukwanda kwakunabanqobi nezisulu - kokubili kufanele kube semlandweni.
- Ifa lohwebo lwezigqila lisaqhubeka luguqula imiphakathi, kuhlanganise neNingizimu Afrika, nanamuhla.
Speaker notes
Sondela kuleli slayidi ngokunakekela nangesithunzi. Inhloso ukwethembeka ngaphandle kokwenza umsindo: qamba ubudlova bamakoloni nohwebo lwezigqila ngokucacile, vuma ubuntu babagqilaziwe nabanqotshwa, futhi gwema izithombe ezishaqisayo. Mema ingxoxo ecabangelayo (hhayi ecindezelayo). Lokhu kubopha isici sokuziphatha eCAPS elilindele futhi kuxhuma umlando womhlaba nesikhathi esidlule seNingizimu Afrika.
Cishe ngo-1600 amandla amakhulu omhlaba ayesabalele kulo lonke i-Asia ne-Afrika; ukukhula kweYurophu kwakusesezoza.
iMing yaseShayina, iSonghai neMughal yaseNdiya kwakucebile, kubuswa kahle futhi kunothile ngamasiko, kanti iYurophu eyayihlukene yayiseqala nje ukufinyelela ngaphandle. Uhwebo lwahlanganisa le mihlaba ndawonye - futhi lolo kuxhumana lwaluzogcina seluguqula ibhalansi lamandla omhlaba, ekugcineni lufinyelele eKapa.
Q. Qhathanisa iMing yaseShayina neYurophu cishe ngo-1600 ngokuhlelwa kwezepolitiki kanye nombono ngokwanda kwaphesheya. (8 marks)
Q. Chaza ukuthi uhwebo lwaxhuma kanjani iNtshonalanga Afrika, iNdiya neShayina emhlabeni obanzi ngo-1600. Bhekisela okungenani kumanethiwekhi amabili ohwebo. (6 marks)
Q. "Ngo-1600, iYurophu yayingakabi yingxenye enamandla amakhulu yomhlaba." Usebenzisa ubufakazi obuvela okungenani kwimiphakathi emibili, uyavuma? Chaza impendulo yakho. (10 marks)
Speaker notes
Vala ngokubuyela embuzweni wokuqala: ubani 'owayephambili' ngo-1600? Ubufakazi buthi akuyona iYurophu. Sebenzisa le mibuzo emithathu ukuhlola okubhaliwe noma inkulumo-mpikiswano; izisindo zamamaki zilingisa imisebenzi ye-CAPS esekelwe kumthombo neyokubhala okwandisiwe. Umbuzo wamamaki angu-10 uyisikhuthazo sokubhala okwandisiwe okudinga umqondo ocacile wempikiswano nobufakazi. Khumbuza abafundi ukuthi lesi sihloko sibeka isisekelo sokufunda kwe-Grade 10 kamuva ngokwanda kwamakoloni eNingizimu Afrika.
- Grade
- Grade 10
- Subject
- History
- CAPS topic
- The world around 1600
- Resource type
- Presentation