Uhambo Lwamagugu Ngezifundazwe ZaseNingizimu Afrika
Masihambe sidabule zonke izifundazwe eziyisishiyagalolunye sithole izindawo ezikhethekile, izindaba nezinkambiso ezingezethu sonke.
Speaker notes
Yamukela abafundi uchaze umqondo 'wohambo lwamagugu' - uhambo lomcabango olumela ezindaweni ezikhethekile kulo lonke elaseNingizimu Afrika. Buza: ukhona owake wavakashela imnyuziyamu, isakhiwo esidala, isikhumbuzo noma indawo yemvelo? Uhambo lwamagugu luxhumanisa lezi zindawo ndawonye. Ekupheleni kwesifundo abafundi kufanele bakwazi ukubalula izindawo zamagugu ezifundazweni ezihlukene futhi bakwazi ukusho ukuthi kungani sizivikela.
Liyini ifa lamagugu?
Amagugu yikho konke esikuzuza kwabadala ngesikhathi esidlule esifuna ukukugcina ngokwesikhathi esizayo.
Amagugu yizinto esizithola kubantu abaphila ngaphambi kwethu. Kungaba izinto esingazithinta, njengezakhiwo ezindala namathuluzi, nezinto esingakwazi ukuzithinta, njengezingoma, izindaba, izilimi namarisiphi. Amagugu asisiza sazi ukuthi singobani nokuthi sivelaphi.
- Amagugu emvelo - izintaba ezikhethekile, imihume, imifula nezilwane.
- Amagugu esiko - izakhiwo, izikhumbuzo, ubuciko nezinto ezindala.
- Amagugu aphilayo - izilimi, umculo, imidanso, ukudla nemibungazo.
Speaker notes
Nikeza izibonelo ezicacile zohlobo ngalunye ukuze abafundi beBanga 5 bakwazi ukuzicabanga: imvelo (iTable Mountain), isiko (iUnion Buildings), okuphilayo (ukucula isicathamiya, ibraai yomndeni, ukuxoxa izinganekwane). Gcizelela ukuthi amagugu aphilayo aphila kubantu, hhayi esakhiweni. Mema abafundi babalule igugu elilodwa elivela emndenini wabo.
Izindawo Zamagugu Omhlaba ZaseNingizimu Afrika
Ezinye zezindawo zethu zikhethekile kakhulu kangangokuthi umhlaba wonke uyasiza ukuzinakekela.
Indawo Yamagugu Omhlaba (World Heritage Site) yindawo ekhethwa yinhlangano ebizwa ngokuthi UNESCO ngoba ibalulekile kubo bonke abantu emhlabeni, hhayi izwe elilodwa nje. INingizimu Afrika inezindawo ezingaba ishumi ezinjena, ezisakazeke ezifundazweni. Ohambeni lwethu sizovakashela ezinye zazo.
- Ezinye zikhethelwa imvelo, njengezintaba zaseKapa neDrakensberg.
- Ezinye zikhethelwa umlando, njengeMapungubwe neRobben Island.
- Ukuba ohlwini kusho ukuthi indawo ivikelelwe izingane zesikhathi esizayo.
Speaker notes
Gcina incazelo ilula: iUNESCO yiqembu ku-United Nations elenza uhlu olukhethekile lwezindawo ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni. Awudingi ukuthi abafundi bacoshe inombolo eqondile - iphuzu ukuthi iNingizimu Afrika icebile ngezindawo ezinjena. [SME] Sicela uqinisekise inani lamanje lezindawo zamagugu omhlaba ze-UNESCO zaseNingizimu Afrika (kwakuyishumi ngo-2023) ngaphambi kokuba isifundo siphume.
Isitobhi esisodwa samagugu esifundazweni ngasinye
Izifundazwe eziyisishiyagalolunye, izindawo eziyisishiyagalolunye ezidumile esizozivakashela ohambeni lwethu.
Gauteng
Cradle of Humankind - imihume enezinsalela ezindala kakhulu zabantu.
Limpopo
Mapungubwe - umbuso wokuqala waseNingizimu Afrika nobhejane wegolide.
Western Cape
Robben Island - ijele lapho uNelson Mandela ayeboshelwe khona.
KwaZulu-Natal
Izintaba zeDrakensberg - izinkulungwane zemidwebo yamaSan emadwaleni.
Eastern Cape
Qunu naseMthatha - izindawo zobuntwana bukaNelson Mandela.
Northern Cape
Amagugu amaSan nemidwebo yasendulo eqoshwe emadwaleni eKaroo eyomile.
Free State
Imizana yamaSotho neVredefort Dome eseduze.
North West
Taung, lapho kwatholakala khona ugebhezi lwekhanda lwengane yasendulo.
Mpumalanga
Izintaba zaseMakhonjwa eBarberton - amanye amadwala amadala kunawo wonke emhlabeni.
Speaker notes
Lesi isilayidi sokubuka konke. Funda isifundazwe ngasinye nesitobhi saso ngokuzwakalayo, ukhombe cishe lapho sikhona emephwini yomcabango (noma imephu esodongeni uma unayo). Tshela abafundi ukuthi amaslayidi alandelayo azosondeza ezinye zalezi. Ungabuza umfundi ngamunye akhethe isitobhi afisa ukusivakashela kakhulu asho isizathu. [SME] Qinisekisa ukuthi izifundazwe-nezindawo zihambisana neklasi lakho; isifundazwe ngasinye sinezindawo eziningi zamagugu futhi othisha bangakhetha izibonelo zendawo.
ICradle of Humankind
Iqembu lemihume eduze neGoli lapho ososayensi bathola khona ezinye zezinsalela ezindala kunazo zonke zomndeni wabantu emhlabeni.
Emihumeni iSterkfontein Caves ososayensi bembule izinsalela - amathambo aphenduka amatshe - abantu bakuqala abaphila iminyaka eyizigidi eminingi edlule. Okutholakele okudumile kubandakanya ugebhezi olubizwa ngokuthi 'Mrs Ples' nethambo eliphelele cishe elibizwa ngokuthi 'Little Foot'. Yingakho le ndawo ibizwa ngokuthi Cradle of Humankind (Umkhumbi Wesizukulwane Sabantu).
- Umkhumbi yilapho ingane ilala khona - ngakho lena injengendawo yokuzalwa kwabantu.
- Iyindawo yamagugu omhlaba ngoba ixoxa indaba yabo bonke abantu.
- Namanje usengavakashela imihume nemnyuziyamu.
Speaker notes
Chaza kahle igama 'insalela': amathambo aphenduka kancane amatshe esikhathini eside kakhulu. ULittle Foot noMrs Ples benza isayensi ibonakale iyiqiniso kubafundi. Gcina umqondo wesikhathi esidala uthambile - 'kudala kakhulu, kudala kunalokho esingakucabanga'. Xhumanisa neslayidi 5. [SME] Izinsuku zenziwe lula ngamabomu; qinisekisa noma yiziphi izibalo uthisha akhetha ukuzengeza ngomlomo.
Umbuso WaseMapungubwe
Kudala, egqumeni eliqhwakele phezulu enyakatho kude, kwakumi inhloko-dolobha yombuso wokuqala waseNingizimu Afrika.
Cishe eminyakeni engu-700 kuya ku-800 edlule, iMapungubwe kwakuwumbuso omatasa lapho abantu babelima, begcina izinkomo behwebelana ngegolide nangezinyo lendlovu namazwe akude. Inkosi yayihlala phezu kwegquma elikhethekile. Ababhukuli bezinto zasendulo bathola ngokuhamba kwesikhathi izinto ezinhle zegolide lapho, kubandakanya ubhejane wegolide omncane.
- Kukhombisa ukuthi imibuso emikhulu yase-Afrika yayikhona lapha kudala ngaphambi kokufika kwabelungu.
- Ubhejane wegolide manje uwuphawu oludumile lomlando waseNingizimu Afrika.
- IMapungubwe iyindawo yamagugu omhlaba emngceleni neZimbabwe neBotswana.
Speaker notes
Lesi isilayidi silungisa inkolelo-ze evamile ngokukhombisa umbuso wase-Afrika onamandla nocebile owachuma kudala ngaphambi kwezikhathi zobukoloniya. Gcizelela ukuhweba (igolide nezinyo lendlovu okwakuhamba kude ngolwandle) nobhejane wegolide njengengcebo. Abafundi beBanga 6 bafunda ngeMapungubwe ngokujulile kamuva, ngakho utshala imbewu. Gcina izinsuku zibungiwe ('cishe iminyaka engu-700-800 edlule').
Robben Island
Isiqhingi esincane olwandle eduze neKapa esaba ijele elidumile - futhi saba uphawu lwenkululeko.
Iminyaka eminingi iRobben Island kwakuyijele. Ngesikhathi sobandlululo, abaholi ababelwela amalungelo alinganayo babeboshelwa lapha, kude nemindeni yabo. UNelson Mandela wachitha iminyaka eminingi eseseleni elincane esiqhingini ngaphambi kokuba akhululwe kamuva abe uMongameli wokuqala waseNingizimu Afrika okhethwe ngentando yeningi.
- Namuhla iyimnyuziyamu efundisa izivakashi ngomzabalazo wenkululeko.
- Abanye abaholi bendlela yizibotshwa zangaphambili ezabelana ngezindaba zazo.
- Isikhumbuza ukuba sazise inkululeko namalungelo esinawo namuhla.
Speaker notes
Phatha udaba lobandlululo ngobunono nangokulula kubafundi beBanga 5: abanye abantu babephathwa ngendlela engenabulungiswa ngenxa yombala wesikhumba sabo, futhi abantu abanesibindi basebenza ukuguqula lokho. Beka iRobben Island njengendawo yosizi kanye nethemba. Xhumanisa neFreedom Day / Nelson Mandela uma abafundi bemazi. Gwema imininingwane eshaqisayo; gxila esibindini nasekubalulekeni kwenkululeko.
Imidwebo Yasemadwaleni YaseDrakensberg
Phezulu ezintabeni zeDrakensberg kunezinkulungwane zemidwebo eyenziwa abantu bamaSan kudala.
I-uKhahlamba-Drakensberg yiyona sixhaka sezintaba eziphakeme kakhulu eNingizimu Afrika. Imihume nemikhandlu yamadwala ayo iqukethe izinkulungwane zemidwebo emadwaleni eyenziwa amaSan ayezingela ebutha ukudla. Babedweba abantu, izimpofu, nezinkolelo zabo besebenzisa upende wemvelo ovela emadwaleni, ezitshalweni nasezilwaneni.
- Igama elithi uKhahlamba lisho 'umgoqo wemikhonto' ngesiZulu.
- Imidwebo ineminyaka engamakhulu ngisho neyizinkulungwane ubudala.
- Iyindawo yamagugu omhlaba ngenxa yemvelo yayo nobuciko bayo basendulo.
Speaker notes
Yethula amaSan njengabantu bokuqala baseNingizimu Afrika kanye nabaculi nabaxoxi bezindaba abanamakhono. Chaza indlela upende owawenziwa ngayo ngezinto zemvelo (i-ochre, amalahle, amanzi ezitshalo, amafutha ezilwane). Impofu yayibaluleke kakhulu ezinkolelweni zamaSan. Phatha amagugu amaSan ngenhlonipho - lezi yizithombe ezingcwele emiphakathini eyinzalo. Xhumanisa nemidwebo eqoshiwe yaseNorthern Cape eslayidini esilandelayo.
Kudabula iKaroo neFree State
Ezinye izitobhi ezintathu ohambeni lwethu - eEastern Cape, eNorthern Cape naseFree State.
Eastern Cape - Qunu
Amagquma aluhlaza lapho uNelson Mandela akhulela khona. Imnyuziyamu eMthatha ixoxa indaba yempilo yakhe.
Northern Cape - Wildebeest Kuil
Igquma elimboze imidwebo yasendulo eqoshwe emadwaleni, elinakekelwa yimiphakathi yamaSan namaKhoe.
Free State - Umuzi WamaSotho
Imnyuziyamu ephilayo lapho ungabona khona izindlu zesintu zamaSotho ezinezindonga ezipendwe kahle.
Speaker notes
Lezi zitobhi ezintathu zandisa uhambo ezifundazweni eziningi nasezinhlotsheni eziningi zamagugu: indawo yokuzalwa komuntu (Eastern Cape), ubuciko basendulo (imidwebo eqoshwe yaseNorthern Cape, ebazwa edwaleni esikhundleni sokupendwa kulo), namagugu aphilayo emzini osebenzayo (Free State). Veza umehluko phakathi kwemidwebo yamadwala (KZN) nemidwebo eqoshwe emadwaleni (Northern Cape). [SME] Faka izindawo zendawo zaseEastern Cape noma Free State uma zifanele abafundi bakho kangcono.
Amadwala asendulo nengane yasendulo
Izitobhi zethu zokugcina zezifundazwe ziya eNorth West naseMpumalanga.
North West - Taung
Ngo-1924 ugebhezi lwekhanda oluyinsalela lwengane yasendulo, 'iTaung Child', latholakala lapha. Lasiza umhlaba ukuba ufunde ukuthi abantu baqala e-Afrika.
Mpumalanga - Barberton
Izintaba zaseMakhonjwa ziqukethe amanye amadwala amadala kunawo wonke emhlabeni - cishe aneminyaka eyizigidi ezingu-3 500 - manje eyindawo yamagugu omhlaba.
Ibhonasi - Gauteng
IFreedom Park neConstitution Hill enyakatho zikhumbula umzabalazo wamalungelo abantu nentando yeningi.
Speaker notes
ITaung ixhumanisa emuva nesihloko seCradle of Humankind - iNingizimu Afrika iphakathi endabeni yemvelaphi yabantu. IBarberton ikhombisa amagugu emvelo ohlobo oluhlukile: amadwala amadala kakhulu. Ikhadi lebhonasi likuvumela ukuba ukhulume ngezindawo zentando yeningi zaseGauteng (Freedom Park, Constitution Hill). [SME] Qinisekisa unyaka wokutholakala kweTaung Child (1924) nobudala obubungiwe bamadwala (cishe iminyaka eyizigidi ezingu-3 500) uma uzicaphuna ngomlomo.
Amagugu aphilayo noSuku Lwamagugu
Awakhona wonke amagugu ahlala athule emnyuziyamu - amanye awo aphila kulokho esikwenzayo nsuku zonke.
Amagugu aphilayo adluliselwa kusukela kogogo bekhulu kuya kubazali kuya ezinganeni. Abandakanya izilimi zethu ezingu-11 ezisemthethweni, izingoma nemidanso yethu, izindaba zethu, izingubo zethu nokudla esikuthandayo. Njalo ngomhla ka-24 September iNingizimu Afrika igubha uSuku Lwamagugu, lapho sihlonipha wonke amasiko ethu ahlukene.
- Umculo nomdanso onjengesicathamiya, umgqashiyo (gumboot) namapiano.
- Ukudla okunjengephalishi, ubhanyibhanyi (bunny chow), amakoeksisters, umngqusho nechakalaka.
- Izindaba, izibongo nemidlalo eyabelwana emindenini.
Speaker notes
Yenza lesi sibe isilayidi esibandakanya abafundi kakhulu. Cela abafundi babelane ngengoma, ukudla noma indaba evela emakhaya abo. Gcizelela ukuthi amagugu aphilayo angawabo bonke futhi ayaqhubeka eshintsha - amapiano angamagugu amasha akhiwa manje. Chaza uSuku Lwamagugu ngokulula: iholidi lomphakathi lokugubha wonke amasiko ethu ndawonye. Qinisa inhlonipho ngokwehlukana.
Ukunakekela amagugu ethu
Amagugu angawethu sonke, ngakho sonke kufanele sisize ukuwavikela.
Uma izakhiwo ezindala ziwa, imidwebo yamadwala iklwejwa, noma izindaba zingaphinde zixoxwe futhi, lawo magugu alahleka unomphela. Yingakho sinemnyuziyamu, izikhumbuzo nemithetho evikela izindawo ezikhethekile. Kodwa abantu abavamile bayasiza futhi - ngokuvakasha, ukufunda nangokudlulisela lokho abakwaziyo.
- Ungalokothi uthinte noma ulimaze imidwebo yamadwala noma izinto ezindala.
- Vakashela imnyuziyamu nezindawo zamagugu ukuze ufunde izindaba zazo.
- Lalela abadala udlulisele izindaba zabo kwabanye.
Speaker notes
Yisa isifundo ekutheni 'pho-ke' - amagugu abuthakathaka futhi angalahleka. Xhumanisa amathiphu amathathu nesenzo sangempela ohambweni lwesikole. Qinisa inhlonipho yezindawo ezingcwele njengemidwebo yamadwala yamaSan. Ungabuza abafundi babalule into eyodwa abazoyenza ukuvikela amagugu. Lokhu kulungiselela imibuzo yokubukeza.
Esikufundile ohambeni
Sidabule zonke izifundazwe eziyisishiyagalolunye sahlangana namagugu emvelo, awesiko nawaphilayo.
Kusukela emihumeni yeCradle of Humankind kuya embusweni waseMapungubwe, ijele laseRobben Island nezintaba ezipendiwe zaseDrakensberg, amagugu aseNingizimu Afrika axoxa indaba yabo bonke abantu bayo. Amagugu angawabo bonke, futhi wonke umuntu angasiza ukuwavikela.
Q. Bala izindawo zamagugu ezintathu ezihlukene usho ukuthi isindawo ngayinye ikusiphi isifundazwe. (3 marks)
Q. Chaza umehluko phakathi kwamagugu emvelo, amagugu esiko namagugu aphilayo. Nikeza isibonelo esisodwa salinye. (6 marks)
Q. Kungani kubalulekile ukunakekela amagugu ethu? Nikeza izizathu ezimbili. (4 marks)
Speaker notes
Sebenzisa imibuzo emithathu njengomsebenzi obhaliwe noma ingxoxo yeklasi. Umbuzo 1 uhlola ukukhumbula izindawo nezifundazwe; umbuzo 2 uhlola umqondo omkhulu wezinhlobo ezintathu zamagugu; umbuzo 3 uhlola ukuqonda ukuthi kungani amagugu ebalulekile. Ukwabiwa kwamamaki kulandela isitayela seCAPS Intermediate Phase. Vala ngokukhumbuza abafundi ukuthi nabo bayingxenye yamagugu aphilayo aseNingizimu Afrika.
- Grade
- Grade 5
- Subject
- History
- CAPS topic
- A heritage trail through the provinces of South Africa
- Resource type
- Presentation