Luhambo Lwelifa Etifundzeni teNingizimu Afrika
Asihambe sivakashele tonkhe tifundza letiyimfica, sitfole tindzawo letikhetsekile, tindzaba kanye nemasiko lokungeletfu sonkhe.
Speaker notes
Yamukela bafundzi bese uchaza umcondvo we-'luhambo lwelifa' - luhambo lwelicabango lolumisa etindzaweni letikhetsekile kuyo yonkhe iNingizimu Afrika. Buta: kukhona yini lowake wavakashela indlu yemsayimane (museum), sakhiwo lesidzala, insika yesikhumbuzo, nome indzawo yemvelo? Luhambo lwelifa luhlanganisa letindzawo. Ekugcineni kwesifundvo bafundzi kufanele bakhone kubita tindzawo telifa etifundzeni letahlukene bese basho kutsi kungani sitivikela.
Yini lifa?
Lifa yingako konkhe lesikutfola endzulo lesifuna kukugcinela likusasa.
Lifa tintfo lesititfola kubantfu lebebaphila ngaphambi kwetfu. Kungaba tintfo lesingatibamba, njengetakhiwo letindzala kanye nematulusi, kanye netintfo lesingeke sitibambe, njengetingoma, tindzaba, tilimi nemarisiphi. Lifa lisisita kutsi sati kutsi singobani nekutsi sivelaphi.
- Lifa lemvelo - tintaba letikhetsekile, imigedze, imifula netilwane.
- Lifa lemasiko - takhiwo, tinsika tesikhumbuzo, buciko netintfo letindzala.
- Lifa leliphilako - tilimi, umculo, kugida, kudla nemigidvo.
Speaker notes
Niketa tibonelo letivakalako kuwo wonkhe umhlobo kuze bafundzi beLibanga 5 bakwati kucabanga: lemvelo (Table Mountain), lemasiko (Union Buildings), leliphilako (kuhlabela kwe-isicathamiya, i-braai yemndeni, kubalisa tindzaba tekwakomkhulu). Gcizelela kutsi lifa leliphilako liphila ebantfwini, hhayi esakhiweni. Mema bafundzi kutsi babite lifa linye lelivela emndenini wabo.
Tindzawo teLifa Lemhlaba (World Heritage Sites) teNingizimu Afrika
Letinye tindzawo tetfu tikhetsekile kangangoba lonkhe umhlaba usita kutinakekela.
Indzawo yeLifa Lemhlaba (World Heritage Site) yindzawo lekhetfwe yinhlangano lebitwa nge-UNESCO ngoba ibalulekile kubo bonkhe bantfu emhlabeni, hhayi kuletinye tive kuphela. INingizimu Afrika inato cishe letili shumi (10) tindzawo, letisakateke etifundzeni. Eluhambeni lwetfu sitawuvakashela letinye tato.
- Letinye tikhetfwa ngenca yemvelo, njengetintaba teKapa kanye ne-Drakensberg.
- Letinye tikhetfwa ngenca yemlandvo, njenge-Mapungubwe ne-Robben Island.
- Kuba seluhlwini kusho kutsi indzawo iyavikeleka kubantfwana bakusasa.
Speaker notes
Gcina inchazelo ilula: i-UNESCO liciniso lebantfu leliseNhlanganweni Yetive (United Nations) lelenta luhlu lolukhetsekile lwetindzawo letibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni. Akudzingeki kutsi bafundzi bakhumbule inombolo lenembile - liphuzu lekutsi iNingizimu Afrika inotsile ngaletindzawo. [SME] Sicela ucinisekise inombolo yamanje yetindzawo teLifa Lemhlaba te-UNESCO teNingizimu Afrika (bekutili shumi ngo-2023) ngaphambi kwekutsi sifundvo siphume.
Sitopu sinye selifa esifundzeni ngasinye
Tifundza letiyimfica, tindzawo letidvumile letiyimfica kutivakashela eluhambeni lwetfu.
Gauteng
Cradle of Humankind - imigedze lenetintfo tekucala tebantfu (fossils) letindzala kakhulu.
Limpopo
Mapungubwe - umbuso wekucala weNingizimu Afrika kanye nebhejane legolide.
Western Cape
Robben Island - lijele lapho Nelson Mandela abevalelwe khona.
KwaZulu-Natal
Tintaba te-Drakensberg - imidvwebo yemaSan letinkhulungwane.
Eastern Cape
Qunu ne-Mthatha - tindzawo tebuntfwana bukaNelson Mandela.
Northern Cape
Lifa lemaSan kanye netimvevetiso tematje letindzala eKaroo leyomile.
Free State
Imiti yemaSotho kanye ne-Vredefort Dome ledvute nayo.
North West
Taung, lapho kwatfolwa khona lugebhezi lwentfo yemntfwana lomdzala (skull).
Mpumalanga
Tintaba te-Makhonjwa te-Barberton - lamanye ematje ladzala kakhulu emhlabeni.
Speaker notes
Lesi sitopu sesibukobonkhe. Fundza sifundza ngasinye nesitopu saso ngelivi, ukhombe cishe lapho sikhona kulibalazwe lelicatjangwako (nome kulibalazwe lelisebondzeni nangabe unalo). Tjela bafundzi kutsi titopu letilandzelako titosondzeta letinye tato. Ungabuta umfundzi ngamunye kutsi akhetse sitopu lafisa kakhulu kusivakashela bese usho kutsi kungani. [SME] Cinisekisa kutsi kubhindzana kwesifundza nendzawo kuyalifanele lifundvo lakho; sifundza ngasinye sinetindzawo telifa letinyenti.
I-Cradle of Humankind
Licembu lemigedze ledvute ne-Johannesburg lapho bososayensi batfola khona lamanye ematsambo ladzala kakhulu emndenini wesintfu emhlabeni.
E-Sterkfontein Caves bososayensi bembe tintfo tekucala (fossils) - ematsambo laguculuke aba litje - ebantfu bakucala lebebaphila etigidzini teminyaka leyendlulile. Tintfo letidvumile letatfolakala tifaka lugebhezi lolutiwa ngekutsi 'Mrs Ples' kanye nesitfo semtimba lesiphelele cishe lesitiwa ngekutsi 'Little Foot'. Ngiko lokwenta lendzawo ibitwe ngekutsi yi-Cradle of Humankind.
- Umbhedze wemntfwana lapho alala khona - ngako lena kufana nendzawo yekutalwa kwebantfu.
- Yindzawo yeLifa Lemhlaba ngoba ibalisa indzaba yabo bonkhe bantfu.
- Ungasavakashela imigedze nendlu yemsayimane (museum) nanamuhla.
Speaker notes
Chaza 'fossil' ngalokucacile: ematsambo laguculuke kancane kancane aba litje ngesikhatsi lesidze kakhulu. Little Foot ne-Mrs Ples benta sayensi ivakale iyiliciniso kubafundzi. Gcina umcondvo wesikhatsi lesidze uthambile - 'sikhatsi lesidze, lesidze kakhulu, lesidze kunaloko lesingakucabanga.' Buyela kulikhadi lesitopu 5. [SME] Emalanga lentiwe lula ngamabomu; cinisekisa tinombolo tekufundzisa uma umfundzisi akhetsa kutingeta ngelivi.
Umbuso weMapungubwe
Endvulo, egcumeni leliyisicaba enyakatfo lekhashane, kwakumi likomkhulu lembuso wekucala weNingizimu Afrika.
Cishe eminyakeni lengu-700 kuya ku-800 leyendlulile, Mapungubwe bekungumbuso lomatasatasa lapho bantfu bebalima, bafuye tinkhomo, bahwebe ngegolide netindophu nemave lakhashane. Inkhosi beyihlala esicongweni segcuma lelikhetsekile. Bocwephetiba (archaeologists) ngemuva batfola tintfo tegolide letinhle lapho, kufaka nebhejane legolide lelincane (golden rhinoceros).
- Kukhombisa kutsi imibuso lemikhulu yema-Afrika beyikhona lapha endvulo ngaphambi kwekutsi kufike emaYurophu.
- Ibhejane legolide manje seluphawu loludvumile lwemlandvo weNingizimu Afrika.
- Mapungubwe yindzawo yeLifa Lemhlaba emngceleni ne-Zimbabwe ne-Botswana.
Speaker notes
Lesi sitopu silungisa inganekwane levamile ngekukhombisa umbuso wema-Afrika lonemandla nelonjingile lowaphumelela endvulo kakhulu ngaphambi kwesikhatsi sekucindzetela. Gcizelela kuhweba (igolide netindophu kuhamba khashane ngelwandle) nebhejane legolide njengengcebo. Bafundzi beLibanga 6 bafundza nga-Mapungubwe ngalokujulile kamuva, ngako uhlanyela imbewu. Gcina emalanga arondiwe ('cishe eminyakeni lengu-700-800 leyendlulile').
Robben Island
Sichingi lesincane elwandle ledvute neKapa lesaba lijele lelidvumile - kanye neluphawu lwenkhululeko.
Iminyaka leminyenti Robben Island bekulijele. Ngesikhatsi sekucindzetela (apartheid), baholi lebebalwela emalungelo lalinganako bebavalelwa lapha, khashane nemindeni yabo. Nelson Mandela wachitsa iminyaka leminyenti eseleni lelincane kulesichingi ngaphambi kwekutsi akhululwe futsi ngemuva abe ngumengameli wekucala weNingizimu Afrika lokhetfwe ngentsandvo yebantfu.
- Namuhla yindlu yemsayimane (museum) lefundzisa bavakashi ngemzabalazo wenkhululeko.
- Labanye babaholi bendlela batiboshwa lebekadze bavalelwe, labelana ngetindzaba tabo.
- Kusikhumbuza kutsi sifanele sihloniphe inkhululeko nemalungelo lesinawo namuhla.
Speaker notes
Phatsa kucindzetela (apartheid) ngekunakekela nangobulula bafundzi beLibanga 5: labanye bantfu babephatfwa ngendlela lengakalungi ngenca yembala wesikhumba sabo, futsi bantfu labanesibindzi basebenta kutsi bakuguculule loko. Beka Robben Island njengendzawo yebulungisa nelitsemba. Yihlanganise neFreedom Day / Nelson Mandela nangabe bafundzi bayabati. Balekela imininingwane lenenkhova; gcizelela sibindzi nekubaluleka kwenkhululeko.
Imidvwebo Yematje ye-Drakensberg
Etulu etintabeni te-Drakensberg kunemidvwebo leyinkhulungwane leyayentiwa bantfu bemaSan endvulo.
I-uKhahlamba-Drakensberg yiluhlu lwetintaba letiphakeme kakhulu eNingizimu Afrika. Imigedze nemvikelo yematje yayo kugcina imidvwebo yematje (rock paintings) leyinkhulungwane leyayentiwa ba-San lebebatingela batfola nekudla. Bebadvweba bantfu, tinkhabi (eland), netinkholelo tabo basebentisa imibala yemvelo levela ematjeni, etitjalweni netilwaneni.
- Ligama lekutsi uKhahlamba lisho 'siyewula setikhali' ngesiZulu.
- Imidvwebo inemakhulu, ngisho netinkhulungwane teminyaka budzala.
- Yindzawo yeLifa Lemhlaba ngenca yemvelo nebuciko bayo lobudzala.
Speaker notes
Yetfula ba-San njengebantfu bekucala baseNingizimu neAfrika nebaciko labanetimphawu netibalisi tetindzaba. Chaza kutsi umbala bewentiwa njani ngetintfo temvelo (i-ochre, malahle, ijusi yetitjalo, emafutsa etilwane). Inkhabi (eland) beyibaluleke kakhulu etinkholelweni tema-San. Phatsa lifa lema-San ngenhlonipho - lena tithombe letingcwele emiphakatsini yesitukulwane. Yihlanganise netimvevetiso tematje teNorthern Cape esitopini lesilandzelako.
Nqamula i-Karoo neFree State
Letinye titopu letintsatfu eluhambeni lwetfu - e-Eastern Cape, Northern Cape naseFree State.
Eastern Cape - Qunu
Emagcuma laluhlata lapho Nelson Mandela akhulela khona. Indlu yemsayimane (museum) e-Mthatha ibalisa indzaba yekuphila kwakhe.
Northern Cape - Wildebeest Kuil
Ligcuma lelimbotjelwe timvevetiso tematje letindzala, letinakekelwa yimiphakatsi yema-San nemaKhoe.
Free State - Umuti wemaSotho
Indlu yemsayimane lephilako lapho ungabona khona tindlu tesintfu temaSotho letinetibondzo letidvwetjwe kahle.
Speaker notes
Letitopu letintsatfu tikhulisa luhambo tifake letinye tifundza netinye tinhlobo telifa: indzawo yekutalwa kwemuntfu (Eastern Cape), buciko lobudzala (timvevetiso te-Northern Cape, letibatwa ematjeni kunekudvwetjwa etulu kwawo), kanye nelifa leliphilako emutini losebentako (Free State). Dweba umehluko phakatsi kwemidvwebo yematje (KZN) netimvevetiso tematje (Northern Cape). [SME] Ngenisa tindzawo tase-Eastern Cape nome eFree State nangabe tibafanele kancono bafundzi bakho.
Ematje ladzala nemntfwana lomdzala
Titopu tetfu letimbili tekugcina tetifundza tiya e-North West nase-Mpumalanga.
North West - Taung
Ngo-1924 lugebhezi (skull) lwentfwana yemntfwana lomdzala, 'Taung Child', lwatfolwa lapha. Lusita umhlaba wati kutsi bantfu bacala e-Afrika.
Mpumalanga - Barberton
Tintaba te-Makhonjwa tigcina lamanye ematje ladzala kakhulu emhlabeni - cishe tigidzi letingu-3 500 teminyaka budzala - manje seyindzawo yeLifa Lemhlaba.
Bhonasi - Gauteng
Freedom Park ne-Constitution Hill enyakatfo kukhumbula umzabalazo wemalungelo esintfu nentsandvo yebantfu (democracy).
Speaker notes
Taung ibuyela endzabeni ye-Cradle of Humankind - iNingizimu Afrika isemkhatsini wendzaba yekucala kwebantfu. Barberton ikhombisa lifa lemvelo lolwehlukile: ematje ladzala kakhulu. Likhadi lebhonasi likuvumela kutsi ubale tindzawo tentsandvo yebantfu teGauteng (Freedom Park, Constitution Hill). [SME] Cinisekisa umnyaka wekutfolwa kwe-Taung Child (1924) kanye nebudzala bematje loburondiwe (cishe tigidzi letingu-3 500 teminyaka) nangabe utibala ngelivi.
Lifa leliphilako neLilanga Lelifa (Heritage Day)
Alilo lonkhe lifa lelihlala lithule endlini yemsayimane - lelinye lalo liphila kuloko lesikwentako onkhe malanga.
Lifa leliphilako lidluliselwa kusuka kubomkhulu kuya kubatali kuya ebantfwaneni. Lifaka tilimi tetfu letisemtsetfweni letingu-11, tingoma tetfu nekugida, tindzaba tetfu, timphahla tetfu netikudla tetfu lesitatsandzako. Njalo ngemnyaka nga-24 Sikhukhulane (September) iNingizimu Afrika igubha Lilanga Lelifa (Heritage Day), lapho sihlonipha wonkhe emasiko etfu lehlukene.
- Umculo nekugida njenge-isicathamiya, kugida ngamagumboot ne-amapiano.
- Tikudla njengepapa, i-bunny chow, ema-koeksister, umngqusho ne-chakalaka.
- Tindzaba, tibongo (izibongo) nemidlalo lokwabelwana yimindeni.
Speaker notes
Yenta lesi sitopu sibe ngulesibandzakanya kakhulu. Cela bafundzi babelane ngengoma, sikudla nome indzaba levela emakhaya abo. Gcizelela kutsi lifa leliphilako lelabo bonkhe futsi liyachubeka liguculuka - i-amapiano lifa lelisha lelentiwa nyalo. Chaza Lilanga Lelifa ngalokulula: liholidi lasesivini lekugubha wonkhe emasiko etfu ndzawonye. Cinisa inhlonipho ngemehluko.
Kunakekela lifa letfu
Lifa lelabo bonkhe, ngako sonkhe kufanele sisite kulivikela.
Nangabe takhiwo letindzala tiwa, imidvwebo yematje iyayakwa, nome tindzaba tingaphindzi tibalwe futsi, lelo lifa liyalahleka phakadze. Ngiko sinawo tindlu temsayimane (museums), tinsika tesikhumbuzo nemitsetfo levikela tindzawo letikhetsekile. Kodvwa bantfu lebavamile bayasita futsi - ngekuvakashela, kufundza nekwedlulisela loko labakwatiko.
- Ungaze ubambe nome ulimate buciko bematje nome tintfo letindzala.
- Vakashela tindlu temsayimane netindzawo telifa kuze ufundze tindzaba tato.
- Lalela labadzala bese wedlulisela tindzaba tabo kulabanye.
Speaker notes
Yisa sifundvo kuliphuzu laso lekutsi 'ngako-ke?' - lifa libutsakatsaka futsi lingalahleka. Yihlanganise lamacebiso lamatsatfu netento tangempela nase kuphumeni kwesikolo. Cinisa inhlonipho ngetindzawo letingcwele njengebuciko bematje bema-San. Ungabuta bafundzi babite intfo yinye labatoyenta kuvikela lifa. Loku kulungiselela imibuto yekubuketa.
Lesikufundzile eluhambeni
Sihambe kuwo onkhe tifundza letiyimfica sahlangana nelifa lemvelo, lemasiko naleliphilako.
Kusukela emigedzeni ye-Cradle of Humankind kuya embusweni we-Mapungubwe, lijele le-Robben Island netintaba letidvwetjiwe te-Drakensberg, lifa leNingizimu Afrika libalisa indzaba yabo bonkhe bantfu bayo. Lifa lelabo bonkhe, futsi wonkhe umuntfu angasita kulivikela.
Q. Bita tindzawo telifa letintsatfu letehlukene bese usho kutsi ngasinye sikuliphi sifundza. (3 marks)
Q. Chaza umehluko phakatsi kwelifa lemvelo, lifa lemasiko nelifa leliphilako. Niketa sibonelo sinye kunye ngakunye. (6 marks)
Q. Kungani kubalulekile kunakekela lifa letfu? Niketa tizatfu letimbili. (4 marks)
Speaker notes
Sebentisa lemibuto lemitsatfu njengemsebenti lobhaliwe nome ingcoco yelikilasi. Umbuto 1 uhlola kukhumbula tindzawo netifundza; umbuto 2 uhlola umcondvo losisekelo wetinhlobo letintsatfu telifa; umbuto 3 uhlola kucondza kutsi kungani lifa libalulekile. Kwabiwa kwemamaki kulandzela indlela yeCAPS yeSigaba Lesisemkhatsi. Vala ngekukhumbuta bafundzi kutsi nabo bayinceku yelifa leliphilako leNingizimu Afrika.
- Grade
- Grade 5
- Subject
- History
- CAPS topic
- A heritage trail through the provinces of South Africa
- Resource type
- Presentation