IDemokhrasi Nebunini Belive eNingizimu Afrika
Kutsi iNingizimu Afrika yaba njani live lapho wonkhe umuntfu lomdzala angavota khona, nekutsi kusho kutsini kuba sakhamuti lesihle.
Speaker notes
Cala ngekubuta bafundzi kutsi bacabanga kutsi ligama lelitsi 'idemokhrasi' lisho kutsini. Bhala imibono yabo ebhodini. Chaza kutsi sifundvo salamuhla sikhuluma ngendzaba yekutsi iNingizimu Afrika yaba njani yidemokhrasi ngemnyaka wa-1994, nekutsi bakhamuti banemalungelo netimfanelo tini. Gcina umoya unetsemba - lena yindzaba yebantfu labaphumelela emalungelo ekuphatfwa ngendlela lelinganako.
Yini idemokhrasi?
Idemokhrasi live lapho bantfu bakhetsa baholi babo bona.
Ligama lelitsi idemokhrasi livela emagameni lamabili emandvulo esiGriki lasho 'kubusa kwebantfu'. Kwidemokhrasi, bantfu labadzala bayavota, vota kute bakhetse baholi labenta imitsetfo baphatse nelive.
- Wonkhe sakhamuti lesidzala sitfola livoti linye, futsi wonkhe livoti libalwa ngendlela lefanako.
- Baholi bakhetfwa ngebantfu, abazalelwa emandleni.
- Nangabe bantfu bangajabuli, bangavotela baholi labehlukene ngesikhatsi lesilandzelako.
Speaker notes
Sebentisa sibonelo lesilula sekilasi: uma likilasi belifanele likhetse umdlalo lelitawudlala futsi wonkhe umuntfu aphakamise sandla kute avote, leyo yidemokhrasi lesebentako. Kucudzelanise nemuntfu munye lonquma esikhundleni sabo bonkhe. Gcizelela umcondvo webulungiswa kanye ne-'muntfu munye, livoti linye' ngobe uba balulekile ngemuva esifundvweni.
Ngesikhatsi labanyenti bebangeke bavote
Iminyaka leminyenti, imitsetfo lengakalungi yavimbela linyenti lemaNingizimu Afrika ekuvoteni.
Endvulo, iNingizimu Afrika beyineluhlelo lolwatiwa ngekutsi yi-apartheid, ligama lesiBhunu lelisho 'kwehlukana'. Ngaphansi kwe-apartheid, umtsetfo wehlukanisa bantfu ngembala wesikhumba sabo wababphatsa ngendlela lengalinganga.
- Bekuvunyelwa emaNingizimu Afrika lamhlophe kuphela kutsi avotele huhulumende.
- Bantfu labamnyama, labeBala nemaNdiya bebanelizwi lelincane nome bebangenalo nakancane emitsetfweni lebeyibusa timphilo tabo.
- Bantfu labanyenti labanesibindzi babhikisha iminyaka kute baphumelele emalungelo lalinganako kuwo wonkhe umuntfu.
Speaker notes
Phatsa loku ngebutsakatsaka nangeliciniso. Umlayeto weLibanga 6 ngekutsi umtsetfo wake waphatsa bantfu ngendlela lengakalungi ngenca yembala wesikhumba sabo, nekutsi loku bekungalungile. Cinisekisa bafundzi kutsi bantfu basebenta kanzima nangekuthula kute bakushintje. Balekela imininingwane lecishako; gcina ugcile ebulungisweni nelilungelo lekuvakala. Yendlala eBill of Rights ngemuva, leyabhalwa kute kucinisekiswe kutsi loku akusaphindzi kwenteke.
Baholi bahlala phansi kute bakhulume
Ekucaleni kwa-1990s, baholi baseNingizimu Afrika bahlangana kute bahlele live lelinebulungiswa, lelinedemokhrasi.
Baholi labavela emacenjini lamanyenti bahlangana emihlanganweni leyatiwa ngekutsi yi-CODESA (i-Convention for a Democratic South Africa). Esikhundleni sekulwa, bakhuluma ngekutsi bangabelana njani ngemandla babambe lukhetho lolunebulungiswa kuwo onkhe emaNingizimu Afrika.
- Nelson Mandela abekhululwe ejele nga-1990 emva kweminyaka lengema-27.
- Baholi bavumelana kutsi wonkhe umuntfu loneminyaka lengema-18 nangetulu kufanele avunyelwe kutsi avote.
- Bahlela lukhetho lwekucala lwedemokhrasi lwelive.
Speaker notes
Gcizelela emandla etingxoxo: iNingizimu Afrika yabalekela imphi lenkhulu ngobe baholi bakhetsa kubonisana. Bala Nelson Mandela na-F.W. de Klerk njengalababili bebantfu lababalulekile, futsi ucaphele kutsi ngemuva babelana ngeNobel Peace Prize. Kugcine kulula - umcondvo lomkhulu ngekutsi kukhuluma nekulalelana kwakha idemokhrasi lensha.
Lukhetho lwekucala lwedemokhrasi
Ngamhla wa-27 April 1994, emaNingizimu Afrika awo onkhe emahlanga avota ndzawonye okwekucala.
Ngamhla wa-27 April 1994, tigidzi tebantfu tema emalayini lamadze, ngekubeketela, kute tivote. Kulinyenti lemaNingizimu Afrika lamnyama, bekungukwekucala impela kuvunyelwa kutsi bakhetse huhulumende wabo.
- I-African National Congress (ANC) yaphumelela lukhetho.
- Nelson Mandela waba nguMengameli wekucala waseNingizimu Afrika lokhetfwe ngendlela yedemokhrasi ngamhla wa-10 May 1994.
- 27 April manje lilanga lekuphumula lomphakatsi lelibitwa ngekutsi liLanga leNkhululeko.
Speaker notes
Lena yinhlitiyo yesifundvo. Dweba umfanekiso wemalayini lamadze - labanye bantfu balindza emahora lamanyenti futsi bajabula kuvota ekugcineni. Chaza kutsi Mandela abesejele ngenca yekulwisana ne-apartheid, kwatsi manje waba nguMengameli. Hlanganisa liLanga leNkhululeko netimphilo tebafundzi: batfola likhefu ngawo onkhe umnyaka kute bakhumbule lomzuzu.
UMtsetfosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika
UMtsetfosisekelo ngiwo umtsetfo lobaluleke kunayo yonkhe elive - ngisho nahuhulumende kufanele awulalele.
Emva kwelukhetho, iNingizimu Afrika yabhala uMtsetfosisekelo lomusha nga-1996. UMtsetfosisekelo ngiwo umtsetfo lophakeme welive. Uchaza kutsi huhulumende usebenta njani futsi udvwebe emalungelo awo onkhe umuntfu.
- Mengameli Mandela wasayina uMtsetfosisekelo eSharpeville ngamhla wa-10 December 1996.
- Wacala kusetjentiswa ngamhla wa-4 February 1997.
- Awukho umtsetfo nome umholi lovunyelwa kwephula imitsetfo lekuMtsetfosisekelo.
Speaker notes
Sebentisa umfanekiso wetitebhisi kuchaza 'umtsetfo lophakeme' - uhlala ngetulu kwayo yonkhe leminye imitsetfo. Sho kutsi Mandela wawusayina ngamabomu eSharpeville, indzawo lapho bantfu babebulawa khona babhikisha i-apartheid, kukhombisa kucala lokusha. Gcina emalanga alula; umcondvo lomkhulu ngekutsi uMtsetfosisekelo uvikela wonkhe umuntfu futsi ngisho naMengameli kufanele awulandzele. [SME] Cinisekisa lilanga lekucala la-4 February 1997 nemininingwane yekusayina eSharpeville ngekumelene nemtfombo wangempela ngaphambi kwekukhicita.
IBill of Rights
IBill of Rights (uMculu Wemalungelo) yincenye lekhetsekile yeMtsetfosisekelo levikela wonkhe umuntfu eNingizimu Afrika.
Kulingana
Wonkhe umuntfu uyalingana futsi kufanele aphatfwe ngebulungiswa, kungakhatsaliseki luhlanga, lulwimi nome inkholo yakhe.
Sitfunti
Wonkhe umuntfu kufanele ahlonishwe aphatfwe ngemusa.
Imfundvo
Wonkhe umntfwana unelilungelo lekuya esikolweni afundze.
Kuphepha
Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lekuphepha nekunakekelwa.
Inkhululeko yekukhuluma
Bantfu bangabelana ngemibono nemivo yabo ngenkhululeko.
Imvelo lehlantekile
Wonkhe umuntfu unelilungelo lemvelo lenemphilo, nyalo nangesikhatsi lesitako.
Speaker notes
IBill of Rights yiSehluko 2 seMtsetfosisekelo. Fundza likhadi ngalinye ngelivi lelivakalako bese ucela bafundzi basho sibonelo lesivela etimphilweni tabo (sibonelo, lilungelo lemfundvo lisho kutsi bangaya esikolweni). Gcizelela kutsi lamalungelo ngawawo onkhe umuntfu ngekulingana - ngiloko kanye i-apartheid leyakuncisha. Ungakhetsa emakhadi lamatsatfu nome lamane kuphela nangabe sikhatsi sisincane.
Tinkhetho eNingizimu Afrika nyalo
INingizimu Afrika ibamba tinkhetho kuze takhamuti tichubeke tikhetsa baholi bato.
Njalo emva kweminyaka lembalwa, emaNingizimu Afrika ayavota elukhethweni. Licembu lelibitwa ngekutsi yi-Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) liciniseka kutsi lukhetho lukhululekile futsi lunebulungiswa.
- Takhamuti kufanele tibe neminyaka lengema-18 nangetulu futsi kufanele tibhalise kute tivote.
- Kuvota kuyimfihlo, ngako kute umuntfu longaphocelelwa kutsi avote ngendlela letsite.
- Emavoti abalwa ngekunakekela, futsi licembu lelinelusekelo loluningi kunato tonkhe yilo lelakha huhulumende.
Speaker notes
Chaza i-IEC njenge'sinceli sekudlala ngebulungiswa' setinkhetho. Sitfupha lesimakwe nge-inki esifanekisweni sikhombisa kutsi bavoti bamakwa njani kuze kungabikho lovota kabili. Cinisa umcondvo welivoti leliyimfihlo - livoti lakho liyimfihlo, lokugcina lukhetho lunebulungiswa lukhululekile ekuhluphekiseni. Ucaphele kutsi loku kwenteka njalonjalo, ngako baholi kufanele bachubeke balalele bantfu.
Emalungelo netimfanelo
Kuba sakhamuti kusho kutsi unemalungelo - futsi unemisebenti ngakulabanye.
Speaker notes
Lona ngumcondvo lobalulekile we-CAPS: emalungelo eta netimfanelo. Dweba luhlobo emkhatsini wemakholomu lamabili - lilungelo lakho lekuphatfwa ngenhlonipho lisho kutsi kufanele uhloniphe labanye; lilungelo lakho lemvelo lehlantekile lisho kutsi akufanele ulahle tibi. Cela bafundzi kutsi bangete lenye imfanelo yabo eluhlwini.
Emazinga lamatsatfu ahuhulumende
INingizimu Afrika iphetfwe emazingeni lamatsatfu lasebenta ndzawonye.
Bantfu lesibavotelako basebenta emazingeni lamatsatfu ahuhulumende. Lelinye nalelinye lizinga linakekela imisebenti leyehlukene, kusukela eliveni lonkhe kuya kudolobha lakini.
- Huhulumende weluzwelonkhe unakekela live lonkhe futsi usebenta ePhalamende eKapa.
- Huhulumende wesifundza uphatsa sinye ngasinye setifundza letimfica.
- Huhulumende wasekhaya (umasipala) unakekela lidolobha lakini, emanti, imigwaco nekutfutfwa kwemfucuza.
Speaker notes
Kugcine kucacile kuLibanga 6 ngekuhlanganisa lelinye nalelinye lizinga nemphilo yangempela: luzwelonkhe lwenta imitsetfo lemikhulu, sifundza siphatsa tikolwa netibhedlela, futsi huhulumende wasekhaya nguwo lonca kunemanti empompini nekutfutfwa kwetibi. Kunetifundza letimfica - bona kutsi bafundzi bangasho yini sifundza sabo nelikomkhulu laso.
Emalanga labalulekile lekufanele siwakhumbule
- 1990 Nelson Mandela ukhululwa ejele
- 1991 Baholi bacala tingxoxo e-CODESA
- 1994 Lukhetho lwekucala lwedemokhrasi ngamhla wa-27 April; Mandela uba nguMengameli
- 1996 UMtsetfosisekelo lomusha uyasayinwa
Speaker notes
Sebentisa umugca wesikhatsi kusita bafundzi bahlele indzaba ngekulandzelana - likhono lelivamile le-CAPS. Bacele basho kutsi kwentekani kulelinye nalelinye lilanga ngemagama abo. Veta kutsi tintfo tashintja ngekushesha kanjani: iminyaka lemine kuphela kusuka ekutseni Mandela aphume ejele kuya ekutseni iNingizimu Afrika ibe neMtsetfosisekelo lomusha.
Ungaba njani sakhamuti lesihle?
Akudzingeki ulindze uze ube neminyaka lengema-18 - ungaba sakhamuti lesihle khona nyalo.
Sakhamuti yilunga lelive lelilapho futsi lelibandzakanya ekunakekeleni. Ngisho nanjengomuntfu losemncane, ungasita ekwakheni iNingizimu Afrika lenebulungiswa nenakekelako onkhe emalanga.
- Phatsa wonkhe umuntfu ngemusa nangebulungiswa, kungakhatsaliseki kutsi ngubani.
- Gcina sikolwa sakho nemphakatsi wakho kuhlantekile futsi kuphephile.
- Landzela imitsetfo lenebulungiswa futsi ukhulume ngenhlonipho nakukhona lokungakalungi.
- Fundza ngemlandvo welive lakini neMtsetfosisekelo walo.
Speaker notes
Yiletse sifundvo ekhaya etikhetfweni tebafundzi ngekwabo. Idemokhrasi akusiko nje kuvota kanye njalo emva kweminyaka lembalwa - imayelana nekutsi siphatsana njani onkhe emalanga. Mema likilasi kutsi letsembise intfo yinye lelitayenta kuleliviki kute libe sakhamuti lesihle, njengekusita umngani wekilasi nome kucosha tibi.
INingizimu Afrika ingeyabo bonkhe
I-Freedom Charter ya-1955 yaphupha ngedemokhrasi iNingizimu Afrika leyayakha nga-1994.
INingizimu Afrika ingeyabo bonkhe labahlala kuyo, labamnyama nalabamhlophe. The Freedom Charter, 1955
Lesetsembiso, lesentiwa esikhatsini lesidze ngaphambi kwedemokhrasi, sagcwaliseka kuMtsetfosisekelo lomusha. Sisikhumbuta kutsi iNingizimu Afrika likhaya kuwo wonkhe umuntfu lohlala lapha.
Speaker notes
Fundzani lesicaphuno ndzawonye bese usichaza ngemagama lalula: live ngeliwo wonkhe umuntfu ngekulingana. Chaza kutsi lomcondvo wabhalwa phansi nga-1955, esikhatsini lesidze ngaphambi kwa-1994, nekutsi bantfu babambelela kulelicebo emashumini eminyaka kwaze kwaba liciniso. Loku kuhlanganisa bunini belive nekubandzakanyeka lokubabelwana.
Loku esikufundzile
Idemokhrasi inika sakhamuti ngasinye lizwi, lelivikelwe nguMtsetfosisekelo neBill of Rights.
Sifundze kutsi iNingizimu Afrika yaba yidemokhrasi nga-1994 ngesikhatsi wonkhe umuntfu angakwati kuvota, kutsi uMtsetfosisekelo ngiwo umtsetfo lophakeme, nekutsi takhamuti tinawo emalungelo netimfanelo.
Q. Kwentekani ngamhla wa-27 April 1994, futsi kungani kwakubaluleke kangaka? (4 marks)
Q. Bala emalungelo lamabili lavela kuBill of Rights bese uchaza kutsi kungani linye ngalinye libalulekile. (4 marks)
Q. Chaza timfanelo letimbili lonato njengesakhamuti saseNingizimu Afrika. (4 marks)
Speaker notes
Sebentisa lemibuto lemitsatfu njengemsebenti lobhaliwe nome ingxoxo yekilasi. Ilandzela indlela ye-CAPS yekukhumbula kanye nenchazelo lemfushane. Khutsata bafundzi kutsi basebentise imisho lephelele nemagama lamasha lavela esifundvweni: idemokhrasi, uMtsetfosisekelo, iBill of Rights, sakhamuti, emalungelo netimfanelo. Vala ngekubakhumbuta kutsi bonkhe batakhamuti labanendzima lekufanele bayidlale.
- Grade
- Grade 6
- Subject
- History
- CAPS topic
- Democracy and citizenship in South Africa
- Resource type
- Presentation