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Article1913 Satyagraha Campaign Resumes
Introduction A provisional settlement was reached in 1911. But in the letter of 12 September 1913 reproduced below, A.M. Cachalia, chairman of the British…
ArticleBlack Sash
The Women's Defence of the Constitution LeagueIn 1955 a small group of white middle-class women who were predominantly English-speaking formed an organization…
ArticlePassive Resistance Campaign Timeline
1906 11 September, A mass meeting of Indians took place at the Empire Theatre in Johannesburg in connection with the agitation at present going on in the…
The Treason Trialists, 1956
Name Adams, Farid Ahmed Arenstein, Mrs. Jacqueline Asmal, Mohamed Suleman 'Bob' Baard, Mrs. Frances …
ArticleA Charge of Treason by Norman Levy
This article was taken from the book The Final Prize by Norman Levy (Chapter 12) A Charge of Treason When detectives invaded the Congress of the People on 26…
ArticleWomen’s resistance in the 1960s - Sharpeville and its aftermath
As the 1950s gave way to the 1960s the African National Congress (ANC) and Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) both announced plans to tackle the pass laws for…
Articles, documents, thesis and books relating to the South African Indian Congress
ArticleAfrican Nationalism
Introduction Nationalism refers to an ideology, a form of culture, or a social movement that focuses on the nation. It emphasises the collective of a…
ArticlePAC’s African Women’s Organisation
The aim of the African Women's Organisation is to rally African women under the banner of African Nationalism and to educate women socially, politically, and…
ArticlePan Africanist Congress timeline 1959-2011
In 1959 the Africanists broke away from the ANC and formed the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). The histories of these two organisations are inextricably linked…
ArticleThe 1913 Mineworkers’ Strike
Introduction: Background to the Strike The formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910 was a development that had vastly different consequences for the…
The International Socialist League (ISL)
The International Socialist League (ISL) was formed in September 1915. It was created by a progressive faction of the South African Labour Party (SALP) as a…
The historical significance of COSATU’s Workers’ Charter Campaign
Introduction During the late 1970s and early 1980s the issue of drawing up a Workers’ Charter became a leading item on the agenda of the South African labour…
Debating Lineages of Socialism in Africa Webinars
South African History Online, the Wits History Workshop, the Department of History at the University of the Free State, the Department of Development Studies…
ArticleThe South African Communist Party and May Day – Some Key Moments
May Day celebrated on 1 May annually, is a celebration of workers and their work. It has a long history, being a day of commemoration and celebration of the…
ArticleThe Mfecane: Understanding a Period of Transformation in Southern Africa
The Mfecane - known as the Difaqane or Lifaqane in Sesotho - was a period of profound political, social, and demographic transformation in southern Africa…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 4 Essay Questions
An image of bold, selfless youth in late 1970s South Africa inspired by the black radical consciousness philosophy. Image Source Essay Question: To what…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 4 Glossary
Note: All definitions are acquired through Google’s online English Dictionary. Nationalism: Nationalism is the feeling of belonging to a nation. Nationalism…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 4 Contextual Overview
Figure 1.1. With his call to put “America First”, Donald Trump is the latest recruit to a dangerous nationalism. Flagrantly authoritarian figures like Donald…
ArticleGrade 11 Topic 3 – Source-Based Questions
An image showing the persecution of German Jews after the Nazi took powerImage Source Source 3A The source below shows how the Nuremberg laws affected…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 3 Essay Questions
An image showing the acculturation of indigenous Australian children by the British officials Image Source Essay Question To what extent did Australian…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 3 Glossary
NSDAP- Stands for Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei and was a national Socialist German Workers’ Party.[1] Communist Party- The Communist party…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 3 Contextual Overview
Introduction In the previous section, we have learnt about the origins of capitalism, however, we paid cursory attention to the racial character of that…
ArticleA Luta Continua Dialogues, Episode 2: Policing and Resistance
Guest Contributors: Anietie Ewang - Human Rights Watch Researcher, Nigeria afọpẹ́fólúwa òjó - Artist & Berlin based #EndSARS Organiser Miski Noir -…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 2 Source-based Questions
The picture above shows how dire the situation was in America during the Great DepressionImage Source Source 2A The source below describes the impact of…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 2 Essay Questions
Franklin Delano Roosevelt at the presidential desk in Washington Image Source Essay Question: To what extent did Roosevelt’s New Deal succeed in mitigating…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 2 Glossary
American Dream: The ideal by which equality of opportunity is available to any American, allowing the highest aspirations and goals to be achieved.[1] …
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 2 Contextual Overview
A cartoon illustrating the process of getting to the idealised “American Dream" Image Source Introduction Like communism in Russia, American capitalism…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 1 Source-based Questions
General Tips when answering Source-based Questions: When approaching a source-based question, look at the MARK ALLOCATION of the question. It will…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 1 Essay Questions
Explain to what extent Stalin succeeded in transforming Russia into a superpower by 1939. Stalin came to power on the back of Lenin’s death in 1925, after…