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A large force of some 12 000 Western Xhosas, led by Makoma (Maqoma), the leader of the Gaika tribe, sweeps into the Cape Colony
ArticleBritain takes control of the Cape
… and defend the eastern frontier against the neighbouring Xhosa people, and to provide a boost to the English-speaking … came into conflict with, first, the…
ArticleRace and ethnicity in South Africa
… groups; namely Nguni people which consisted of: Zulu, Xhosa, Ndebele and Swazi, Sotho people which consisted of … Province and Gauteng Province. The second…
ArticleBatavian Republic 1803-1806
… rule without a fight. When Gaika became chief of the Xhosa nation, unrest and tension on the eastern frontier … determined to maintain white domination over…
BiographyMarcus Solomon
… in his mother’s church in Port Alfred, which was mixed Xhosa and Coloured, so he became familiar with the process of …
ArticleColonial History of Port Elizabeth
… first at the expense of the Khoikhoi and San , but later Xhosa land was taken as well. The Xhosa encountered eastward-moving White pioneers or ‘Trek … of…
The Black Homeland Citizenship Act of 1970
… white residential areas. The Homelands were: Transkei -- Xhosa (given "independence" in 26 October, 1976) Ciskei -- Xhosa (given "independence" in 4 December…
EventStruggle icon Nxele Makana drowns while escaping from Robben Island
… a renewal of the civil war between Gaika and Ndlambe. The Xhosa prophet Makhanda Nxele known by many people as Makana, …
ArticleA History of Abantu-Batho Newspaper 1912-1931
… The newspaper was published in English, SeSotho, Zulu, Xhosa and SeTswana in order to attract wide readership and … Cleopas Kunene was the editor responsible…
BiographyMzwakhe Mbuli
… 1959. His parents were Roselinah Msuthukazi Mbuli, a Xhosa woman, and Elijah Katali, a Zulu man who was employed …
Colonial conquest and resistance, Pre 1900
… expanded along a frontier at the expense of the Khoikhoi, Xhosa, and other indigenous peoples, a process similar to the … came into conflict with, first, the…
ArticleBlack South African literature
… began to produce their first publications, initially in Xhosa, such as an elementary spelling book, some hymns, and a … main literary task was the…
ArticlePondoland
… is the traditional area of the Pondo people, one of the Xhosa speaking peoples. Pondoland area is situated on the …
Tribute to President Reginald Oliver Tambo by ANC Treasurer General Dr Mathews Phosa on the occassion of the OR Tambo Lecture, 27 October 2011, Kimberly, Northern Cape Province
Programme Director Leadership of the Organisation of Cde. Oliver Tambo and the Alliance Business Community Comrades Patriots Ladies and Gentlemen …
ArticleRight to Organise Timeline 1500-1994
… indistinguishable from the eight frontier war. 1857 The Xhosa cattle killing The catastrophe that befell the Xhosa following the decimation of their…
ArticleFanakalo: the language of mining culture
… or Fanakalo. Fanakalo is ‘the correct spelling in Zulu or Xhosa orthography’]. [1] In this essay, several factors about … mining operation can include…
PlaceHobeni
… among its attractions. The name Mbashe is derived from Xhosa. The municipality is named after the Mbashe river that … Homeland, where a racist government…
ArticleHeritage and identity of Provinces
… their control to the east, they also fought with the local Xhosa inhabitants. There were nine wars between the government and the Xhosa, called the frontier …
BiographyWinnie Madikizela-Mandela
… was named after the daughter of Samuel Mqhayi , the famous Xhosa poet. However, Winnie’s joy at having a second child … They were not permitted to speak to…
ArticleGrade 7 - Term 4: Co-operation and conflict on the frontiers of the Cape Colony in the early 19th century
… arrived in what we call the Eastern Cape - home to the Xhosa people. Conflict between the Trekboers, the British and …
EventSir Benjamin D’Urban accepts the Mfengu as British subjects
… landless by King Shaka's Zulu army, and slowly arrived in Xhosa territory over a period of time. By the 1830's, a … By 1835, the relations between the Mfengu…
ArticleWhen, why and where the first African farmers settled in Southern Africa
… languages mixed. That's why some Bantu languages, like Xhosa, have clicks similar to the Khoikhoi and San languages … the east coast of South Africa and are…
BiographyDr. Neville Edward Alexander
… wiped out in the prison, but he also restarted to speak Xhosa, which he had learned as a child but had lost in later …
ArticleNelson Mandela Timeline 1930-1939
… together with other young men undergoes the traditional Xhosa initiation ceremony. The Initiation school is held on … about the previous century's frontier…
Bibliography: Missionary settlement in southern Africa
… 1968. Account of the Tribal Life and Customs of the Xhosa in 1807. Translated by Dr William Fehr. Cape Town: AA … APPLEYARD, Rev. JW. 1971. The War of the…
ArticleHow do we find out about the history of a local area?
… born in KwaZulu Natal. Her father was Zulu and her mother Xhosa. This means that she grew up with two cultures. When … She tells her stories either in…
EventBritish Kaffraria becomes a province with its own administration
… overrun by violence between British colonisers and local Xhosa inhabitants from the early 1830s. Several frontier wars … Kaffraria. Read more about Chief…
ArticleThe Mfecane: Understanding a Period of Transformation in Southern Africa
… means "forced migration" or "the hammering." The original Xhosa term ukufaca means "to be weak, emaciated by hunger" - … term "Mantatees" became a catch-all…
EventDr JT van der Kemp, controversial missionary and physician, dies
… van der Kemp was the first missionary to work among the Xhosa. He became involved with the Khoi Khoi of the Cape … (the study of language) which helped him…
EventSomerset concludes a treaty with Ngqika (aka Gaika)
… Governor Lord Charles Somerset concluded a treaty with the Xhosa chief, Ngqika (who was also known as Gaika). The treaty … claim to the chieftainship of the…