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ArticleMangosuthu Buthelezi was a man of immense political talent and contradictions
… United Democratic Front and African National Congress (ANC). The violence claimed nearly 20,000 lives during the … career His political career began early…
ArticleA change to armed struggle and the state’s intensified repression 1960s
… policies, some members of the African National Congress (ANC) began to move away from peaceful protest. The ANC leadership had always stressed the importance…
Article1976-1983: Mass Democratic movements
Introduction
ArticleMass Democratic movements, 1976-1983
… in Eastern Bloc countries under the auspices of the ANC. Umkhonto we Sizwe became more visible in its attacks on … power. This display of military capacity…
Background to the Freedom Charter 1955
… The post-1948 period saw the African National Congress (ANC) abandoning its traditional reliance on tactics of … and deputations. In December 1949, with the…
The people armed, 1984-1990
… military targets that rallied black opinion behind the ANC. For instance, the car bomb explosion in front of the … Police (SAP) personnel. This was the…
Article1960 - 1994: Armed Struggle and Popular Resistance
… military targets that rallied black opinion behind the ANC. For instance, the car bomb explosion in front of the … Police (SAP) personnel. This was the…
ArticleSefako Mapogo Makgatho Timeline 1861-1961
… areas. The SANNC is renamed the African National Congress (ANC). 1924 Faced with the threat of wholesale replacement of … loosely referred to as the African…
ArticleNational and Provincial Elections - 2024 - South Africa
… parties to the GNU include the African National Congress (ANC), Democratic Alliance (DA), Patriotic Alliance (PA), … 16 new cabinet ministers, 10 of which…
ArticleSilverton and Soekmekaar trial
… said he would not attack a bank as he knew it was against ANC policy. In trying to secure evidence, the police forced … of that particular local area, to…
ArticlePopular struggles in the early years of Apartheid, 1948-1960
… In light of the upcoming centenary celebrations of the ANC, it is an opportune time to reflect on the extent of … of deliberate, organisational efforts on…
ArticleThe 1992 Whites only referendum ‘For’ or ‘Against’ a negotiated constitution
… between the NP and the African National Congress (ANC) to end apartheid. During the second round of … field is level”. While the CP welcomed the poll, some…
ArticleLiberation history Timeline 1960-1969
… The 1960s witnessed the banning of both the ANC and the PAC in the aftermath of the Sharpeville Massacre. … struggle. The PAC launched its armed wing Poqo…
ArticlePixley ka Isaka Seme Timeline 1881-1951
… by Seme. 1930 Seme is elected President-General of the ANC at its annual congress replacing Josiah Tshangana Gumede … ceases publication. 1932 Opponents of…
ArticleDespite the 1994 political victory against apartheid, its economic legacy persists by Haydn Cornish-Jenkins
… anti-apartheid movement was the African National Congress (ANC), but they were not alone; many political parties, trade … of segregation; these goals were…
ArticleConvention for a Democratic South Africa (CODESA)
… Villiers, NP Chris Hani, SACP Helen Suzman Nelson Mandela, ANC Absent from the Convention was the Pan Africanist … Afrikaners through a white referendum …
Nelson Mandela Timeline 1920-1929
… SANNC changes its name to the African National Congress (ANC). To read other resolutions made at this conference click … education The Bill of Rights is…
Growth of African Nationalism and Defiance
… itself to challenge the rising Afrikaner nationalism. The ANC which was weak in the 1920 and 1930s was consolidated … a more radical campaigning agenda. The…
ArticleDefiance Campaign 1952
… The post-1948 period saw the African National Congress (ANC) abandoning its traditional reliance on tactics of … and deputations. In December 1949, with the…
BiographyHarry Heinz Schwarz
… soon as possible". Eight months after the unbanning of the ANC and the release of Nelson Mandela, President F.W. De …
ArticleCape Youth Congress (CAYCO)
… responsible for the growth in popular support for the ANC in this region, which was not a stronghold of the ANC. For instance, after his election in 1984,…
Biography of Mandla Langa by Carol Sale
… did not cease to work with the African National Congress (ANC) to end apartheid and write as well as encourage others … education. [ii] His family had an…
BiographyPieter Willem Botha
… terrorism and sabotage by the African National Congress (ANC), and growing internal opposition to Apartheid. South …
ArticleThe Nelson Mandela Presidency - 1994 to 1999
… elected the president of the African National Congress (ANC), and his friend and colleague, Oliver Tambo , was elected the ANC’s national chairperson…
ArticleDecember 16, the reflection of a changing South African heritage
… Covenant’. Since the 1920s, the day was also used by the ANC, SACP and other political organisations to mount protest … weSizwe (MK) and launch of the armed…
Conflict among civic organisations
… WECUSA was formed and launched in 1989 as an alliance of ANC aligned squatter leaders, particularly areas that were … The new organisation brought together a…
ArticleWomen and the struggle against Apartheid
… of choice, but also because the African National Congress (ANC) was reserved for male membership. This began to change when in 1943 the ANC decided to allow…
ArticleTransition to Armed Struggle by Norman Levy
… in December 1960. It charted the way forward following the ANC and PAC’s banning and the government’s holding of a … The holding of an all-party convention…
Timeline: All-Africa Convention (AAC)
… Ka Isaka Seme, President of the African National Congress (ANC), Africans from different political spectrums and from … from the AAC and joins the African…
ArticleDefeat of the Liberation struggle
… Unlawful Organisations Act on 7 April 1960, banning the ANC and the PAC. By 6 May 1960, 18,000 persons were detained … June 1987. Exile circumstances were…