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BiographyJoseph Chamberlain
Joseph Chamberlain was a British statesman, a colonial administrator and politician who went from being a radical, almost socialist liberal to an arch…
Sadecque Variava
Early life and schooling Sadecque Variava was born on 8 July 1949 in Pietersburg (now Polokwane), Northern Transvaal (now Limpopo), the fourth of seven…
ArticleWestern Cape Youth Uprising timeline 1976
1976 16 June, Extra police patrols are deployed. 24 June, The Principal's office in Hlangisi Primary (Nyanga) was burnt out and the following day the same…
ArticleDecember 16, the reflection of a changing South African heritage
IntroductionDecember 16 looms large in the history of South Africa. Today in the new South African it is celebrated as the Day of Reconciliation between Blacks…
BiographyChief Mangosuthu Gatsha Buthelezi
Chief Mangosuthu Gatsha Buthelezi, son of Princess Magogo Constance Zulu kaDinuzulu, King Solomon’s sister, and Inkosi Mathole Buthelezi, the King’s Prime…
ArticleDefeat of the Liberation struggle
Following the 1960 Sharpeville Massacre, the Government declared a State of Emergency (SOE), in 83 magisterial districts – the first state of emergency…
ArticleSouth African Students Movement (SASM)
The South African Students Movement (SASM) an organisation of mainly high school students was formed to represent students, articulate grievances and foster…
ArticleAfrican National Congress Timeline 1970-1979
By the 1970s a number of leading figures in the ANC were in prison while others were in exile. Those that remained inside South Africa faced arrest, detention…
ArticleUnited Nations and Apartheid Timeline 1946-1994
1946 22 June, The Government of India requested that the question of the treatment of Indians in the Union of South Africa be included in the agenda of…
BiographyIsmail Jacob Mohamed
Professor Ismail Jacob (Josef) Mohamed was born on 27 July 1930 in Barkley East, Eastern Cape. His parents divorced before he was five years old. His mother,…
ArticleHighlights for 2013
South African History Online believes that history is made every day and to that effect we have compiled what we feel are the key historical events of 2013. We…
BiographyLouis Botha
Louis Botha was born near Greytown in Natal in 1862. He was the son of Voortrekker parents and was brought up on a farm in the Free State, and was educated at…
ArticleHistory Grade 10 - Topic 1 European Societies
Important events and systems in European Societies during the 1600’s Robb Schultz, “Europe leading into the 17th century (1600’s)”Image Source The…
ArticleNelson Mandela Timeline 1970-1979
1970 16 February, Winnie Madikizela-Mandela and 21 others, who were detained under the Suppression of Communism Act, in May 1969, are acquitted. Three are…
Johannesburg Timeline 1800-1991
1806 Sir John Barrow indicates on a map that gold is to be found in the approximate vicinity of either the Witwatersrand or the Magaliesberge. 1852 Gold…
South African Youth Revolutionary Council (SAYRCO)
The student protest that broke out on 16 June 1976 was organised and directed by the Soweto Students Representative Council (SSRC). Recent accounts of the…
ArticleYouth Politics in South Africa in the 1970s
The 1970s period was a watershed for youth politics in South Africa. The South African Student Organisation (SASO) was gathering support from campus to campus…
ArticleMohandas Karamchand Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi) - Timeline: 1890-1899
1890 - 1899 1890 January 13-18, Gandhi took Matriculation examination. January 23-30, Attended Vegetarian Congress at Ventor. February 19, Result of…
ArticleuMkhonto weSizwe (MK) Timeline 1961-1990
uMkhonto weSizwe (Spear of the Nation or MK), the armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC), was jointly formed by leading members of the banned ANC…
Article1970’s: Poetry Timeline
1971 Closure of The Classic, by Nat Nakasa, editor. Publication of ‘Sounds of a Cowhide Drum’, Oswald Mtshali’s first book of poetry, by Renoster Books,…
BiographyPoonoosamy Ruthnam Pather
Poonoosamy Ruthnam Pather (PR) was born in Mauritius in 1895. His grandfather settled in that country after emigrating from Tanjore in India in the 1840s. PR…
Political assassinations 1974 - 1994
1974 February Botswana Abraham Onkgopotse Tiro SASO Parcel bomb. - Zambia John Dube ANC Parcel bomb. 1978 8 January Durban Dr. Rick Turner Banned…
ArticlePassive Resistance Campaign Timeline
1906 11 September, A mass meeting of Indians took place at the Empire Theatre in Johannesburg in connection with the agitation at present going on in the…
ArticleSouth African Constitutional Development Timeline 1902 - 1997
1902 31 May, The Peace Treaty of Vereeniging ends the Anglo-Boer War that began in 1899. The Treaty is signed between Boer and British leaders. 1908 12…
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1980s
1980 is declared the Year of the Charter, marking the 25th anniversary of the adoption of the Freedom charter in 1955. 1980 SACTU declares the year as…
Vella Pillay
This is a short autobiography of Vella Pillay written for his 80th birthday party held on 18th October 2003 at Lauderdale House, Highgate, London. Vella…
Re-Emergence of Congress Activity 1980s
By 1980, the Black Consciousness organisations were in a gradual decline and struggling to avert state repression. Congress-inspired traditions were also re…
ArticleNational and Provincial Elections - 2024 - South Africa
Introduction President Cyril Ramaphosa announced the new members of the National Executive, for the seventh administration, which includes all the parties…
ArticleNelson Mandela Timeline 1960-1969
1960 21 March, In a peaceful anti pass march led by the PAC at Sharpeville, the police open fire on the unarmed and peaceful crowd, killing 69 and wounding…
ArticleList of SADF raids into Neigbouring Countries
Cross border raids 1975 August Invasion of Angola. 1978 4 May Air and ground strike on SWAPO refugee camp at Kassinga inside…