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Why have so many major South African films featured non South Africans in the starring roles?
It is very hard to make a feature film, because feature films cost a lost of money. People or institutions (like banks) that invest money in feature films want…
Women’s Resistance Against the Pass Laws
During its long history of struggle, the ANC has always been in the vanguard of the struggle against racism, today known by the name 'apartheid". Some of these…
ArticleMedu Art Ensemble
In 1977, a group of "cultural workers"from the townships fled into exile in Gaborone, Botswana; including Molefe Pheto, from Mhloti Theatre. Thami Mnyele…
Bambatha Rebellion 1906 bibliography
References Gillings, K.G. (1989). "The Bambata rebellion of 1906: Nkandla operations and the Battle of Mome Gorge, 10 June 1906" Military History Journal,…
ArticleThe Bambatha Rebellion begins
The first sign of open resistance against payment of the tax came when a magistrate called A.W. Leslie went to collect taxes from the Hlongwa and Cele clans in…
ArticleEvents leading to the Bambatha Rebellion
In 1887 Zululand was annexed by the colony of Natal and the Zulu were gradually stripped of most of their arable land. There was widespread poverty, made worse…
ArticleAftermath of the Bhambatha Rebellion 1906
The Bambatha Rebellion claimed the lives of 4000 Zulu and 30 white people and cost the colonial government £740,000. Some of the Zulu died fighting on the side…
Biographies of Trade Union Activists
Second Matabele War
ArticleList of SADF raids into Neigbouring Countries
Cross border raids 1975 August Invasion of Angola. 1978 4 May Air and ground strike on SWAPO refugee camp at Kassinga inside…
Why protect worker’s rights?
The exploitation of workers was a feature of life in South Africa for decades. Apartheid thrived on cheap labour: workers had to contend with the migrant…
ArticleStructure of Government in South Africa
The South African government is divided into three parts: the Executive (the Cabinet), the Legislature (Parliament), and Judiciary (the courts). The Executive…
ArticleCelebrating Freedom and Democracy
The relationship between our Constitution and other laws The Constitution is a law passed by Parliament and it is the highest law in the land. All other laws…
The Court’s position in the justice system
The Constitutional Court is South Africa's highest court on constitutional matters. So its jurisdiction - the scope of its authority to hear cases - is…
ArticleWhy protect children’s rights?
The inclusion in the Bill of Rights of a special section on the rights of the child was an important development for South African children, most of whom had…
ArticleFederation of South African Trade Unions (FOSATU)
The Federation of South African Trade Unions (FOSATU) was the first South African trade union federation that organised mostly Black employees that aimed to be…
ArticleDemocratic Alliance (DA)
The Democratic Alliance (DA), previously named the Democratic Party (DP), was formed on 8 April 1989, when the former Progressive Federal Party, Independent…
ArticleInkatha Freedom Party (IFP)
The Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) is a South African political organization, established by Chief Gatsha Buthelezi, which encouraged a resurgent Zulu nationalism…
ArticleIndustrial and Commercial Workers Union (ICU)
During the 1920s, the South African Native National Congress (SANNC) - which changed its name to the African National Congress (ANC) in 1923 - did not…
ArticleProgressive Federal Party (PFP)
The Progressive Federal Party (PFP), successor to the Progressive Party (PP), was formed after a group of liberal members of the United Party (UP), broke away…
Student Politics in the Era of Democracy
During the 1990-1994 period of political liberalisation and negotiations leading to the first democratic elections the South African Students Organisation …
ArticleStudent Politics: SASO till SANSCO
1968 December, SASO is formed at the conference held in Marianhill, Natal. The conference was exclusively attended by Black students. 1969 1 July, SASO…
South African Prime Ministers from the National Party
South African Prime Ministers from the NP (equivalent to the position of President today): Following constitutional reforms in 1984, the office of State…
Documents, and articles pertaining to National Party
ArticleAfrican National Congress (ANC) office bearers
On 8 January 2012 the African National Congress (ANC) celebrated its centenary. As part of the uKhongolose: ANC and South Africa’s Struggle for Freedom feature…
ArticleIsitwalandwe/Seaparankwe Award
Isitwalandwe/Seaparankwe is the highest honour awarded by the people of South Africa, through the African National Congress, to those who have made an…
Early Resistance, the 1913 Land Act and deputations to London
The first restriction that the South African Native National Congress (SANNC) aimed to contest was the 1913 Land Act, an urgent issue that affected all black…
ArticleArmed Struggle, the anti-apartheid struggle accelerates 1984-1990
In September 1984, riots broke out in the Transvaal and spread to other parts of the country. These riots continued until 1986, when the African National…
ArticleArmed Struggle, the revival of armed activity 1970s-1980s
The independence of Mozambique, in particular, gave tremendous momentum to the armed struggle in South Africa. Jacob Zuma recalls that when Angola and…
ArticleA change to armed struggle and the state’s intensified repression 1960s
With no discernable change in government policies, some members of the African National Congress (ANC) began to move away from peaceful protest. The ANC…