Former National Party (NP) member of parliament, Wynand Malan, lead the newly formed Afrikaans dominated political party, the National Democratic Movement (NDM), which was to develop contacts with Black politicians. In 1988 a meeting was held between the African National Congress (ANC) and the NDM during which common ground on the protection of language, culture and religion and the protection of individual rights in a multi-party democracy was reached. In 1989, three years after its formation, the NDM merged with the Progressive Federal Party (PFP) and the Independent Party to form the Democratic Party, which has since changed its name to the Democratic Alliance.