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ArticleAnti-pass campaigns, 1910s
… Anti-pass campaigns, 1910s …
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1910s
… General South African History Timeline: 1910s …
ArticleGrade 11 - Apartheid South Africa 1940s to 1960s
The global pervasiveness of racism and segregation in the 1920s and 1930s During the 1920s and 1930s, there were discriminatory policies in different parts…
ArticleContinued resistance and internal criticism 1920s and 1930s
In the following years, the African National Congress (ANC) leadership evolved to be more inclined to action than passive deputation, but very little was…
ArticleGrade 12 - Topic 3 - Civil Society protests 1950s to 1990s
GRADE 12 Topic 3: Civil society protests 1950s to 1970s Online Resource: http://learn.mindset.co.za/resources/history/grade-12/civil-society-protests-1950s…
ArticleStates of Emergency in South Africa: the 1960s and 1980s
One of the key instruments used by the apartheid government to neutralise political dissent was the State of Emergency (SOE). In periods when the government…
BiographyPixley ka Isaka Seme
… of just how handicapped, financially, the SANNC was in the 1910s. This was decades before its successor, the ANC, … core values. The Founder’s misfortunes in…
ArticleGrade 12 - Forms of civil society protest emerged from the 1960s to 1970s
It is important to note that South African events do not occur in a vacuum, as we are part of a large continent and a much larger world. Therefore, what…
ArticleArmed Struggle, the revival of armed activity 1970s-1980s
The independence of Mozambique, in particular, gave tremendous momentum to the armed struggle in South Africa. Jacob Zuma recalls that when Angola and…
ArticleHow uhuru was realised in Africa in the 1960s and 1970s
ArticleThe Conflict between the AZAPO and the UDF - popular violence in the 1980s and 1990s
Popular violence in the decade between 1984 and 1993 is well documented. Existing literature on this brutally violent chapter in the history of the liberation…
BiographyDurant Basi Sihlali
Durant Basi Sihlali was born on 5 March 1935 in an industrial area, Germiston, Transvaal, now known as Gauteng Province. Due to harsh living conditions, his…
ArchiveOxford: 1950s-1960s: the people resist!
Black, brown, cream and red poster. Photograph of march to Union Buildings by 20,000 women on 9th August 1956 to protest against the pass laws. Issued by the…
BiographyMweli Skota
Mweli Skota was born in Kimberley in the 1880s and attended school there. He worked at various times as a clerk, journalist, court interpreter, and independent…
Apartheid - The early 1980s
The early 1980s There was little change in the situation from the late 1970s to the early 1980s in South Africa. After the crisis of the early and mid-70s,…
Control: 1910 - 1948
Intervention from Above: The 1913 Native Land Act "Awaking on Friday morning, June 20, 1913, the South African Native found himself, not actually a slave,…
BiographyKesval “Kay” Moonsamy
Kesval “Kay” Moonsamy was born on 5 July 1926. He was active in the Natal Indian Congress (NIC) from the mid-1940s onward. In the early 1950s he served as…
ArticleSouth Africa in the 1970s
During the early 1960s, civil society was disempowered and social movements were repressed. Although the capacity for social movements to impose change…
1980s: Women organise
ArticleGarveyism: Early 1900s philosophy
Marcus Garvey, preaching the unity of all blacks, claimed that liberty would come about only through the return of all Afro-Americans to their ancestral homes…
BiographyOlive Schreiner
… emancipation movement in England and America in the 1910s-1930s. Women, she wrote, tended to be ‘parasitic’ and …
Cornelius Judah Fazzie
Cornelius Judah Fazzie was born in 1924 Queenstown Eastern Cape,but grew up largely in Tsolo.His migrant father worked in the Western Cape.He began school at…
Article1970s: Black Consciousness Movement in South Africa
Teachers and learners should note that there are many links on this site which deal with the depth and breadth of the Black Consciousness Movement in South…
ArticleGrade 12 - Civil Resistance in South Africa 1970s to 1980
What was the nature of the civil society resistance after the 1960s? During the 1960s and the 1980s South Africa was ruled by the National Party. The NP…
BiographyLouis Luyt
Louis Luyt was born on 18 June 1932, and grew up in modest circumstances in the Karoo. In the 1940s Luyt was employed as a railway clerk. During his rugby…
The armed struggle and state repression of the 1960s
A turning point in the struggle against apartheid came about in the 1960s. This change was the result of combined elements, including the formation of the PAC,…
Soweto and mounting pressure on the apartheid state, 1970s
The Day Our Kids Lost Faith. 1976. © Bailey's African History Archives During the 1970s, and particularly in the late 1970s after the Soweto uprising of 1976,…
ArticleWomen’s resistance in the 1960s - Sharpeville and its aftermath
As the 1950s gave way to the 1960s the African National Congress (ANC) and Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) both announced plans to tackle the pass laws for…
Article1960s: The Civil Rights and Black Power movements
Introduction It is important to note that South African events do not occur in a vacuum, as we are part of a large continent and a much larger world…
The 1980s and the crisis of Apartheid
Please note that this section is detailed and we have broken it up into 3 pages: Use the page navigation on the right or bottom of the page Introduction …