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In summary: Factors resulting in the crisis
The emergence of South Africa's democracy in the 1990s The crisis of apartheid in the 1980s Factors contributing to the crisis: * A global economic crisis:…
Port Elizabeth an Overview
The first formal settlement of the Algoa Bay region took place in 1776 when a number of farms were allocated to local Dutch graziers. In 1799 the British…
Article1973 Durban Strikes
Introduction On 9 January 1973, workers at the Coronation Brick and Tile factory, outside Durban, came out on strike. Immediately thereafter, workers from…
Polokwane an Overview
'Street soccer' game on a makeshift field, near Polokwane in the Limpopo Province. 2010. © Chris Ledowchowski The Limpopo Province was the scene of scores of…
Liberation organisations
UDF The United Democratic Front (UDF) was a non-racial alliance of about 400 national, regional and local organisations. It was launched in Cape Town in 1983,…
The search for Peter Johnson’s story
In 1975, Peter Johnson, joined the ranks of the uMkhonto we Sizwe and disappeared into exile. Nearly a decade later, on the 26 October 1984, Johnson, now known…
ArticleThe role of gender in Ndebele architecture
Gender roles in Ndebele home-making From the 1940s onwards the settlement at Hartbeesfontein began to be visited increasingly by researchers, including Barrie…
ArticleCall for submissions: The Politics of Armed Struggle in Southern Africa Conference
Conference: THE POLITICS OF ARMED STRUGGLE IN SOUTHERN AFRICA Conference Date: 23-25 November 2016 Venue: University of the Witwatersrand (Johannesburg) …
ArticleThe Durban strikes and the resurgence of the trade union movement in 1973
When Black workers in Durban embarked on a wave of strikes in January 1973, the government and employers were shocked, and they responded mainly by giving in…
Student Politics in the Era of Democracy
During the 1990-1994 period of political liberalisation and negotiations leading to the first democratic elections the South African Students Organisation …
ArticleSouth African Indian Congress (SAIC)
The period 1860-1923 is characterised firstly by the introduction of indentured Indian labourers into Natal and of the "passenger" Indians who came to trade,…
The Liberation Struggle in South Africa
The Liberation Struggle in South Africa homehomepolitics & governanceliberation struggleemerging…
ArticleRivonia Trial 1963 - 1964
Often referred to as "the trial that changed South Africa,” in October 1963, ten leading opponents of apartheid went on trial for their lives on charges of…
ArticleKingdoms of southern Africa: Great Zimbabwe
Where is Great Zimbabwe? The Great Zimbabwe ruins date from the Iron Age and lie between the Limpopo and Zambezi Rivers in the Limpopo Province east of the…
ArticleGandhi and the Passive Resistance Campaign 1907-1914
The passive resistance campaigns led by MK Gandhi in South Africa had huge consequences not only for the history of the country but also for world history in…
The Freedom struggle: Political mobilisation in Port Elizabeth
The Eastern Cape is regarded by many as the cradle of Black resistance against White oppression. After the defeat of the Xhosa by the British in the frontier…
Formation and launch of the UDF
UDF launch at Mitchell's Plain in Cape Town. Source: http://www.nelsonmandela.org In the late 1970s moves to form united front against apartheid were set in…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 2 Contextual Overview
A cartoon illustrating the process of getting to the idealised “American Dream" Image Source Introduction Like communism in Russia, American capitalism…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 4 Contextual Overview
Figure 1.1. With his call to put “America First”, Donald Trump is the latest recruit to a dangerous nationalism. Flagrantly authoritarian figures like Donald…
ArticleGrade 9 - Term 1: World War II (1939 - 1945)
World War II (1939 to 1945) was the most devastating war in history, accounting for between 50 million to 80 million deaths. What made the war significant was…
ArticlePopular resistance and police brutality in democratic South Africa
The apartheid era was characterised by different resistances such as the Sharpeville massacre, Vaal and the East Rand in 1985 and Soweto uprising of 1976. The…
Indian Community in Lenasia
From the very beginning, settlement in Lenasia was a contentious issue, driven with debates about race, class, collaboration with and resistance to apartheid…
ArticleBlack Consciousness Movement of Azania (BCMA)
The Black Consciousness Movement of Azania (BCMA) was the external arm of the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM), and had offices in Botswana, England, the…
ArticleSouth Africa’s Foreign Relations during Apartheid, 1948
The position of South Africa in international affairs remained important throughout apartheid. The South African government needed to rely on the external…
ArticleThe Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and the Anti-Apartheid Struggle
Relations between Russia and South Africa In the late-19th century, Russia was engaged in rivalry with the British Empire, especially in Asia, and sought to…
Pedi
[baPedi – People and sePedi – Language] The four major ethnic divisions among Black South Africans are the Nguni, Sotho-Tswana, Shangaan-Tsonga and Venda…
ArticleArt South Africa Today exhibitions
In May 1963, the Cape Times announced the launch of ‘a national art exhibition, open to South African artists of all races’. The first iteration of Art South…
ArticleForced removals on Highveld and "black spots", 1912-1991
In the early 1960s the Apartheid government moved swiftly to dislodge numerous Black communities on the Transvaal Highveld occupying land in what was…
ArticleSouth African Defence Force (SADF)
Early years The history of the South African Defence Force (SADF) can be traced to the 1660s. When Jan van Riebeeck landed at the Cape in 1652, he had with…
Women at the start of the 20th century
It is only over the last three or four decades that women's role in the history of South Africa has, belatedly, been given some recognition. Previously the…