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Article1960 - 1994: Armed Struggle and Popular Resistance
… Numerous factors characterised the intensification of the freedom struggle against the National Party government … in the armed struggle combined with mass…
ArticleuMkhonto weSizwe (MK)
… 1961, Umkhonto weSizwe (MK) was launched as an armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC). The formation of the MK Umkhonto weSizwe ("Spear of the…
ArticleSASO till SASCO
… 1 SASO is officially inaugurated at the Turfloop campus of the University of the North (UNIN) with Steve Bantu Biko as its first … as Secretary. 1970 July…
ArticleStudent Politics: SASO till SANSCO
… SASO is officially inaugurated at the Turfloop campus of the University of the North (UNIN) with Steve Bantu Biko as its first … as Secretary. 1970 July, The…
ArticleTowards a people’s culture - Art and Resistance under Apartheid
… Art in the state of siege The Sharpeville Massacre was one of the most important turning points in the history of South Africa. It triggered a chain of…
ArticleThe Cordoned Heart
… South Africa: The Cordoned Heart is considered as one of the seminal photographic exhibitions and books of the 1980’s. The exhibition and book was a product…
ArticleNelson Mandela Timeline 1970-1979
… and 21 others, who were detained under the Suppression of Communism Act, in May 1969, are acquitted. Three are … at the Pretoria Central Prison under Section…
ArticleLiberation history Timeline 1960-1969
… The 1960s witnessed the banning of both the ANC and the PAC in the aftermath of the Sharpeville Massacre. In response to the banning, both … jointly set up…
ArticleMapungubwe
… The ancient city of Mapungubwe (meaning 'hill of the jackal') is an Iron Age archaeological site in the … years ago, Mapungubwe appears to have been the…
ArticlePort Elizabeth Timeline 1799-1986
… troops in Algoa Bay. Construction begins on the building of Fort Frederick. 1803 Founding of Bethelsdorp. 1804 25 April, Proclamation issued creating the…
ArticleGarveyism: Early 1900s philosophy
… Marcus Garvey, preaching the unity of all blacks, claimed that liberty would come about only through the return of all Afro-Americans to their ancestral…
ArticlePolitical executions in South Africa by the apartheid government 1961 - 1989
… On 9 June 1983, three members of the armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC), uMkhonto we Sizwe … were charged with treason, with alternative…
ArticleBlack Community Programmes (BCP)
… In the late 1960s and early 1970s, after the banning of the ANC and PAC, the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) … in South Africa – at first through the…
ArticleFietas: Pageview timeline 1880-1988
… is evacuated and the area burned to the ground. July, Most of the evacuees start moving back into the urban centre, mostly into the ‘Malay Location’, one of…
ArticleThe Early Cape Slave Trade
… The year 1658 marks the beginning of the slave trade at the Cape colony. During the first four years of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) settlement at the…
ArticleDefiance Campaign timeline 1948-1952
… measures against Blacks, Indian immigrants and those of mixed race. 1949 October 6 , Group comprising workers, … and certain individuals speaks out on the…
ArticleBlack People’s Convention (BPC)
… People’s Convention (BPC) was an umbrella organisation of the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM). BCM had its … campuses, mainly white, liberal universities…
ArticleDr G M 'Monty' Naicker - Timeline
… MILESTONES 1910 - Birth of Mohambry (Monty) Naicker to Papiah Gangathura, a fruiterer, and Dhanamal, of Leopold Street, Durban. 1917-1926 - Attended the…
Political executions
… execution) Boesman, Mangena Jeffrey, 35 1989/09/29 Death of informer school teacher in Sterkstroom, Eastern Cape … in Paarl. Dyakala, Kholisile, 31 1989/11…
Straight Talk - Emilia Potenza
… " We are in danger of losing our history" A recent report on history and … in schools offers compelling reasons for the teaching of these disciplines to be…
ArticleIndian South Africans
… From bondage to freedom - The 160th anniversary of the arrival of Indian workers in South Africa The feature on Indian South Africans forms part of our…
ArticleDespite the 1994 political victory against apartheid, its economic legacy persists by Haydn Cornish-Jenkins
… In 1994, South Africans were liberated from a system of apartheid which had controlled their lives for nearly … if real economic change has been experienced…
ArticleThe turbulent 1950s - Women as defiant activists
… policies began to pose a direct threat to all people of colour, and there was a surge of mass political action by blacks in defiant response. The … that…
ArticleNelson Mandela Timeline 1800-1899
… traces his lineage back to the Thembu Chief Nxeko, one of the early Thembu Kings who ruled over Thembuland, a … The historical record shows Xhosa lived on…
Mandela: Message to India
… Mandela: Message to India 18 June 1994 [ On the occasion of an India-South Africa Solidarity Meet to discuss the … Mandela sent a message in his capacity as…
ArticleThe Transkei
… Act were fought in the Transkei , where the resistance of the peasants culminated in the Pondo revolt which broke … held in custody for indefinite periods…
ArticleThe Western Front
… At the outbreak of the First World War, Germany put into operation the … Plan . This plan was based on the assumption that in case of a war breaking out,…
The Afrikaanse Handelsinsituut
… dominated the organisation. By the 1970s the majority of it members supported PW Botha’s Total Strategy , calling … to become a hugely powerful business…
ArticleAzanian Students Organisation (AZASO)
… Organisation (AZASO): A summary Following the banning of the South African Student Organisation (SASO) a new … by students from five black universities and…
ArticleWomen in the schizophrenic 1940s - World War II and its aftermath
… to a flourishing industrial economy with the development of many new secondary industries in its aftermath. By this … (1991:71) quotes 1940 statistics…