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… philosophy of this publication was that it was necessary to understand society in order to change it; in line with this thinking the public was invited to participate in the paper by carrying out research and by …

… the strength of workers united in their determination to obtain better wages, shorter working hours and basic worker rights. Boycotts and strikes to protest against unfair dismissals, retrenchments and worker harassment were covered in detail in an effort to keep workers informed and to encourage solidarity. Fosatu …

… into custody during the recent disturbances from November to December 1960 in Pondoland , with 2 067 eventually brought to trial. While the South African Defence Force (SADF) was … The main tool used was mass detentions. Statements made to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission indicate that …

… founded by a group of Afrikaner farmers on land allocated to them by Chief Matlaba, of the Barolong boo Rapulana and … The declaration prompted the British government to send close to 5000 troops to annex the territory as British …

… is a sign of demonstration against schools' systematised to producing 'good industrial boys' for the powers that be ... We therefore resolve to totally reject the use of Afrikaans as a medium of instruction, to fully support the students who took the stand in the …

… was one of the sea vessels, sent from the Netherlands, to find a trade Route to India in 1592. It was captained by Cornelius de Houtman. … Mossel Bay… The sailors require fresh meat and vegetables, to stop the onset of scurvy and the Khoikhoi locals wanted … of the Ships Journey; 'Mauritius' from 6 March 1595 to the 8 August 1597. Contained at the National Archives, …

… 1844 he was ordained a priest and he frequently preached to congregations of up to a 1 000 people. His school provided an education to 100 pupils at a time and his medical skills were sought …

… and the service played a big part in attracting people to the region. According to C.K. Cooke, only two of this type of Concord coach is known to survive in Southern Africa, the one above at the Natural …

… the whole community of nations throughout the world look to us to move the country forward towards a non-racial, non-sexist and fully democratic future; NOW RESOLVE TO: 1. commit ourselves, individually and collectively to the …

… through a life-changing Christian journey. They seek to serve God by working for Justice and Peace, Respect and learn from all the great faith traditions and desire to be known by the Love we have for one another. Our Lady Of … 18.00 & Thursday 17.00.   The Church has been burnt to the Ground because of the Fire in the Overstrand. News24 …

… on the outskirts of Paarl and was driven the 60 kms to Cape Town by African National Congress'(ANC) Rose Sonto … of supporters. On the balcony of the City Hall he spoke to a crowd of approximately 50 000 people, who had waited for hours to see him. He started by expressing his sincere and warmest …

… hangings by fifteen hours. A huge sigh of relief came to the "Sharpeville Six" after Justice Minister Kobie Coetsee … Mayor Jacob Kuzwayo Dlamini, who was beaten and burnt to death by an angry mob on 3 September 1984.  They faced … on death row. Their death penalties were later commuted to prison sentences, ranging from twenty-five years to life. …

… issued that stated, among other things, that all attempts to disrupt the economic development of Southern Africa by … saw this meeting as an attempt by the Pretoria regime to gather support from these homeland leaders in case of a … of 1913, which separated South African people according to their race. This meeting was held at the time when the …

… all executive and legislative powers would be returned to King Moshoeshoe II , who would rule through a military … African National Congress (ANC) were deported from Lesotho to Zambia after the coup. By February 1990, a power struggle … Lekhanya and King Moshoeshoe II and the king was forced to go into exile in the United Kingdom. His son, Letsie III, …

… an original kraal of ( Khoikhoi ); it was secured to them along with a tract of land, by the Government, which also gave a charge over it to the Rhenish Missionary Society. Several of the people were … fishing and boating. The early morning mists that tend to cover the Dam lend a mysterious atmosphere to the first …

… owned by Hendrik Davel. He sold 6400 hectares of it to Jan Roos who developed an important outspan for transport … of a blacksmith and a few others the need for a town began to grow. Jan Serfontein, heading a commission to do this, sold the first plots of Amsterdam, which was what …

… (ANC). During their application Coetzee outlined a plot to bomb ANC offices in London in 1982 with the knowledge of … of the Voortrekkerhoogte Military base in Pretoria and to show their dissatisfaction to the United Kingdom government for allowing the ANC and …

… commission of inquiry (the Skweyiya Commission), appointed to investigate detainee abuse allegations in ANC camps … Mabandla, found evidence of brutality and torture to extract confessions from alleged South African spies and … recommend the establishment of an independent commission to pursue this matter and to identify all ANC officials …

… where he was inspired by the events of 1968, and returned to South Africa increasingly influenced by Steve Biko and the … His work was forceful and revolutionary, causing him to be banned, confined to his home, and eventually assassinated by state security …

… There was also an ethnic and religious dimension to the split.  The Southern states were made up of  ethnic … comprised mostly Yoruba and Hausa-Fulani who belonged to the Muslim faith. Nyerere, then President of Tanzania, … by the Biafrans on the basis of ongoing instability due to domination by Northern Nigeria, the numerous pogroms …

… were called off as a result of the ANC's ultimatum sent to State President F.W. de Kerk. In the ultimatum, the ANC … allegations that the IFP is backed by the security forces to kill ANC members. Buthelezi accused the ANC of putting the country on the brink of civil war and of aiming to wreck the negotiation process, setting the stage for an …

… derived from a Khoi-Khoi word for zebra and is being said to resemble the quagga's call. Scientific research revealed … a team of South Africans have been working since 1987 to recreate the quagga by selective breeding from 'Plains zebra' stock, aiming to eventually reintroduce them to the wild. This project has …

… You are invited to free film screenings and discussions with filmmaker Estela … London,New York and Istanbul. Bravo's life-long commitment to preserving collective memory while pursuing a more humane … future pervades all of her work, and her uncanny ability to gain access where others have not has earned her a …

… English. He matriculated at the age of sixteen and went on to work as a clerk and later as a journalist. At the age of … meaning Land and (the Afrikaner) people. Marais later went to London with the intention of studying medicine, but studied law instead. On his return to South Africa, he studied nature at the Waterberg in …

… commissioned by The Department of Education accentuate - to make more noticeable or prominent alluvial - deposits left … - a person or thing that causes an event or process to happen encroachment - gradual and steady intrusion on a … impi - a Zulu fighting regiment institutionalise - to establish as normal in an organisation or culture lobola - …

… reflect the determination with which Indians responded to the curtailment of their rights and privileges. The … Aiyar and C. M. Pillay also spoke their minds, sometimes to agree with moderate leadership, at other times to challenge it. Organisations such as the Natal Indian …

… points in the history of the Organisation's existence up to that time. The adoption was precipitated by the victory of the National party and its determination to implement a policy of apartheid. The ANC, inspired by the desire to achieve national freedom, was transformed in the following …

… President of the African National Congress (ANC) from 1952 to 1967 and Nobel Peace Prize winner in 1961, was one of … choose between his chieftainship and the ANC. His refusal to leave the ANC resulted in him being deposed as chief and … 1952 Defiance Campaign, organised by the Congress Alliance to challenge apartheid laws (e.g. Pass Laws). His involvement …

… the beleaguered Vichy French Forces that were attempting to repulse a combined invasion by British and South African … During the attack on the naval base, the Japanese managed to severely damage the British warship Ramillies and sink the … in the Indian Ocean, and use these colonies as bases to launch attacks on India and Africa, as well as deny the …

… as the official language, which prompted 4000 Germans to leave the country. South Africa on the other hand encouraged Afrikaans speaking families to settle in the country, especially in the south.Since the … increasing animosity at the United Nations (UN), successor to the League of Nations. On 18 July 1966, the judges in the …