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ArticleBlack Consciousness Movement Timeline 1903-2009
… Gold Coast) under the chairmanship of Kwame Nkrumah. 1959 6 April, Robert Sobukwe and others break away from the African National … by organising itself…
ArticleAfrican National Congress Timeline 1950-1959
… breakaway in Durban emphasises unity in the movement. 1959 Dr. H.F. Verwoerd announces the plan to remove all … regime. The Extension of University…
ArticleuMkhonto weSizwe (MK)
… to a split within the ANC by those members like Robert Sobukwe who espoused the Pan-Africanist view of “Africa for …
Biko’s legacy lives on in our nation’s history and culture by Nkosinathi Biko, 12 September 2012, South Africa
… years now; and with the University of Fort Hare the Robert Sobukwe Memorial Lecture for six years. At a community level, …
ArticleYusuf Dadoo Timeline: 1960 - 1969
… members of the Pan Africanist Congress, including Robert Sobukwe , are being held in Johannesburg and are to be charged with sedition. March 23, Robert…
BiographyStephen Bantu Biko
… not understand their lessons. Steve passed Standard Six in 1959 and in 1960 he went on to Forbes Grant, a school through … among them. Steve met with banned…
The search for Peter Johnson’s story
… former leader of the Pan African Congress (PAC), Robert Sobukwe . In order to begin an enquiry, the first thing …
ArticleChief Albert John Mvumbi Luthuli timeline 1800 - 1967
… of the African National Congress in Durban on 12 December 1959 1958 Delivers a speech entitled 'Our vision is a … following the death of J.G. Strijdom…
Increasing repression and the turn to the armed struggle
… and fighting the apartheid government was needed. In 1959 a group of Africanists led by Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe broke away from the ANC and formed the Pan…
ArchiveObituary: Eddie Webster’s influence over generations of students extended to the country and beyond its borders by Andries Bezuidenhout (Mail and Guardian), 6 March 2024
… discussed the significance of the fallout between Robert Sobukwe and his mentor at Healdtown and how we, as South …
ArchiveThe Little Acknowledged Legacy of Steve Biko by Prithiraj Dullay, (Daily News), 08 Sept 2008
… PAC were banned already in 1960. Nelson Mandela and Robert Sobukwe were on Robben Island, with most of the leadership of …
II - The Life of Steve Biko
… imprisoned for life on Robben Island; the late Robert Sobukwe , leader of the Pan Africanist Congress, living under …
ArticleYusuf Dadoo Timeline: 1950 - 1959
… Yusuf Dadoo Timeline: 1950 - 1959 1950 January 6-8, The Communist Party of South Africa … up of the economic boycott from all African countries. 1959 Dadoo,…
The Freedom struggle in Rustenburg
… legislation through Parliament to keep the PAC's Robert Sobukwe in detention indefinitely. Two years later, on 23 …
Thabo’s pen versus perceptions by Tinyiko Maluleke (Sunday Independant), 24 January 2016
… Césaire, Léopold Sédar Senghor, Julius Nyerere, Robert Sobukwe, Samora Machel, Steve Biko and many others. Above …
ArticleApartheid Legislation 1850's-1970's
… South Africa and self-governing Territories Act No 46 of 1959. The Representation of Natives Act No 16 of 1936 The … No 38 of 1958 The Act provided that as…
Nadine Gordimer`s key note speech - Amnesty International Ambassador of Conscience Award
… Walter Sisulu, Steve Biko, Bram Fischer, Dr Dadoo, Robert Sobukwe, Helen Joseph, in a life-raft roster of the …
South Africa’s Radical Tradition, a documentary history, VolumeTwo 1943 - 1964, by Allison Drew - Bibliographical note and further reading
… Pogrund, Benjamin (1990), How can Man die Better ... Sobukwe and Apartheid, London: Peter Halban. Potekhin, I. I. … study, Johannesburg: Kayor. Sachs,…
ArticlePoqo in the Western Cape and Transkei in the early 1960s
… wing Poqo in February 1960. After its formation in 1959, the PAC embarked on an anti pass campaign through … sentences”. The PAC’s founding President Robert…
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1960s
… He announces that 132 members of the PAC, including Robert Sobukwe, are being held in Johannesburg and are to be charged … of University Education Amendment…
The Role of Women in the Struggle against Apartheid, 15 July 1980
… Act No. 52 of 1957 rolled back the fare increase. In 1959, Cato Manor, near Durban, became the site of large-scale … African men had to drink in municipal…
ArticleYouth and the National Liberation Struggle
… Ray Alexandra, Lilian Ngoyi, IB Tabata, and Robert Sobukwe. They changed the face of the national liberation …
Archive2012 - President Zuma, State of the Nation Address, 09 February 2012
… and the Pan-Africanist Congress which was led by Mr Robert Sobukwe. We acknowledge too, the contribution of the late … Albertina Sisulu, Griffiths and…
ArticleSouth African General Elections 2019 - List of Political Parties
… parties contesting the 2019 polls, having been formed in 1959 by a group led by Robert Sobukwe. The PAC was pushing for land redistribution before …
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1940s
… a union between the two organisations. October, Robert M. Sobukwe gives an address on behalf of the Graduating Class at …
Archive2012 - President Zuma, State of the Nation, 9 February 2012
… and the Pan-Africanist Congress which was led by Mr Robert Sobukwe. We acknowledge too, the contribution of the late … Albertina Sisulu, Griffiths and…
Chapter Seven - Re-examining the Past
… to be asserted, not only in theory, but action. In April 1959 the Pan African Congress (PAC) was launched. It received … show of Pan-African unity. In a…
ArchiveAppendix 1: Time Line of South African history by Denis Goldberg
… and others including Anton Lembede, A.P. Mda and Robert Sobukwe. The ANC Youth league called for and achieved an …
ArchiveThe Women’s Jail at the Old Fort and its Impact by Claire Ennis
… hold leading activists, such as Mahatma Gandhi or Robert Sobukwe , founder of the Pan Africanist Congress . Nelson … racial group to disease-ridden, crammed…
Chapter 10 - Sharpeville and its aftermath
… were abolished! "And," said the "instructions" issued by Sobukwe, "once we score that victory, there will be nothing … power . NOTES [56] The Report of…