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BiographyTim Bruwer
Odd one out Over the years many people have asked me how it came about that I, amongst all the Afrikaners that I grew up with or knew, as a young man in the…
ArchiveCHAPTER 1 - Old Battle-Cries and Borrowed Language by Howard Barrell
… three organisations’ only functioning components were in exile. There, the debate within the organisations themselves … military base destroyed, the ANC, MK…
ArchiveCHAPTER 9 - Tactics of talks, Tactics of confrontation, The Road to Vula, July 1985 - December 1986 Insurrection cannot be led from afar. by Howard Barrell
… would shortly release Nelson Mandela and fly him into exile. In the midst of these rumours, in November 1985, the … 90 The operation was to have a single…
ArchiveWebinar Programme: Debating Socialist Lineages. Convenors Shahid Vawda and Lungisile Ntsebeza
… and SWAPO (South West African People's Organisation) in exile and processes internal to Namibia (South West Africa at …
ArticleHow Lenin and Stalin are remembered today?
Lenin Soon after his death, Lenin's body was embalmed and placed in Moscow's Red Square. His supporters, attempting to develop a personality cult, gave…
ArticleSouth African Congress of Trade Unions Timeline 1919-1997
… workers union and member of the Treason Trial, dies in exile. Lawrence Ndzanga dies in detention. 1976 9 January, …
Address to the International Labour Conference Geneva, 8 June 1990
… have had to be released. Those who were driven into exile shall return to the country of their birth. Those who …
Executive summary of the statement of the National Executive Committee of the ANC delivered by President Jacob Zuma at the 100th anniversary of the ANC, Mangaung 8 January 2012
… war and civilians. That is why when the ANC came back from exile, it came back with its prisoners of war in compliance … Gxowa and others, who continued the…
January 8th Statements - Statement of the National Executive Committee on the occasion of the 100th Anniversary of the ANC - 8 January 2012
… war and civilians. That is why when the ANC came back from exile, it came back with its prisoners of war in compliance … Gxowa and others, who continued the…
PlaceCameroon
… [lvii] . Many top leaders of the party were killed in exile by the French authorities< [lviii] . Other political … drive towards independence while the UPC…
ArchiveAppendix 7 South Africa, the transition to democracy and the banning of torture, by Denis Goldberg
… our past it is necessary to know that the ANC in its exile years in its camps in Africa was faced with serious … justified his existence because he had spent…
III - Black Consciousness
… Congress . The ANC and PAC went underground and into exile. Using techniques and personnel taught by experts in … and many had been forced, like so many…
Message to the Soweto Rally to Welcome Released Leaders by O. R. Tambo, 29 October 1989
… to be freed, as well as the patriots who are in enforced exile, work in unbreakable unity to lead our people to the …
ArchiveEulogy at funeral of Dr Mantombazana Tshabalala-Msimang, by Jacob Zuma, 22 December 2009, The Cathedral of Sacred Heart, Pretoria
… combat malaria, a passion she developed while working in exile. As a member of the SADC Health Ministers committee she …
PlaceClaremont Main Road Mosque
… in anti-apartheid activism. With Imam Gassan was in exile, Abdul Rashied Omar stepped in as Imam and continued …
Address by Deputy President Jacob Zuma at the 40th Anniversary of the Execution of Vuyisile Mini and five others, 6 November 2004
… banned, its leaders incarcerated and many more forced into exile. With the adoption of the policy of armed struggle at …
The Ideology of the Black Consciousness Movement
The emergence of the Black Consciousness movement that swept across the country in the 1970s can best be explained in the context of the events from 1960…
EventExtracts from one of South African President Thabo Mbeki's most stirring speeches
… would not allow that fear of death, torture, imprisonment, exile or persecution should result in the perpetuation of …
The State of Art in South Africa Conference
Held at the University of Cape Town from 16-20 July 1979, The State of Art in South Africa Conference was chaired by Neville Dubow, then head of the Michaelis…
ArticleNelson Mandela Timeline 1800-1899
1800: Historical Context Nelson Mandela traces his lineage back to the Thembu Chief Nxeko, one of the early Thembu Kings who ruled over Thembuland, a…
ArticleDrafting of the Final Constitution
… support of communist and socialist governments during the exile period and helped to accumulate support for the ANC in …
Nadine Gordimer`s key note speech - Amnesty International Ambassador of Conscience Award
… and in demands for his release made by the leadership in exile along with the people themselves at home. In such news …
ArchiveChanging focus: The art and activism of Omar by Bongani Kona (Mail and Guardian), 4 June 2015
… Mslaba Feni – better known as Dumile Feni – went into exile where their careers were arguably more successful. But …
South Africa’s Radical Tradition, a documentary history, VolumeTwo 1943 - 1964, by Allison Drew - Bibliographical note and further reading
… The ANC and the South African Communist Party in exile, London: James Currey and Bloomington & Indianapolis: …
Esau Mokhethi reburial speech by AZAPO President Cde. Koti Dikobo
… one operating inside the Country, and the other based in exile. We must never neglect to explain this to our children …
ArticleAfrican National Congress Timeline 1930-1939
… Trial and member of the ANC’s executive committee in exile, is born in Newcastle, Natal. May, The Joint Select …
ArticleA History of Official Government HIV/AIDS Policy in South Africa
… established within the party while its members were in exile. This, it has been argued, made it difficult for any …
ArticleJune 16 Soweto Youth Uprising timeline: 1976-1986
… large numbers of students left the country and went into exile. South African troops invaded Angola in support of the …
ArticlePoqo in the Western Cape and Transkei in the early 1960s
… military machinery, the party was faced internal strife in exile which crippled its ability to laucng effective armed …
Home Away from Home: Finding Refuge in Italy during Apartheid
Constitution Hill invites you to a most significant exhibition highlighting the role that Italy played in the Apartheid struggle through harbouring South…