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EventDeputy Minister of Interior Affairs, P.W. Botha, introduces the Republican Referendum Bill to Parliament
… On 11 March 1960, for the first time in the history of South … P.W. Botha. The Bill provided that when a referendum on a republic is held, voters would be…
EventEx Defence Minister P.W. Botha denies arms purchase
… former Rwandan Army came seven years into sanctions placed on South Africa by the United Nations. South Africa's … arms dealing began long before the UN arms…
EventThe SA Cricket team is re-admitted to international cricket
… On 10 November 1991, the South African cricket team, now better known as the Proteas, played their debut on their return to international cricket against…
Simon van der Stel is succeeded by his eldest son
… Simon van der Stel , who became commander of the Cape on 12 October 1679 and was promoted to governor in 1691, was … was one of the largest landowners at the…
EventFormer Cabinet Minister Dullah Omar dies
… Dullah Mohamed Omar was born in Observatory, Cape Town on 26 May 1934 and grew up in District Six. After … Town for a BA LLB degree and later became a lawyer…
EventNelson Mandela delivers a speech marking his first 100 days in office
… On 18 August 1994, the first democratically elected President … to heal the wounds of the past and help us move on as a united and non-racial nation would be…
EventNatal becomes part of the Union of South Africa
… In 1844 Natal, annexed by Britain on 12 May 1843, became a district of the Cape Colony under a lieutenant-governor. It was proclaimed a British colony on 4…
EventMoïse Kapenda Tshombe refuses to end the Katanga secession
… by Mobutu Sese Seko refused to end the Katanga secession. On 23 December 1961 he led the Congo province of Katanga into … of Congo in June 1960 from Belgium…
EventPresident Nelson Mandela awards the Gold Order of Meritorious Service posthumously to Enoch Sontonga, composer of “Nkosi, Sekel
… On 24 September 1996, Heritage Day, the grave of Enoch … declared a national monument. A fitting memorial erected on the sitewas unveiled by President Nelson…
EventFirst president of Ghana, Kwame Nkrumah (62), dies in Bucharest.
… assassination attempts. The first assassination attempt on Nkrumah took place in October 1962. Presumably the … to several militants’ arrests. In 1966 while…
Statement at the 2735th meeting of the Security Council by Mfanafuthi Johnstone (Johnny) Makatini, 19 February 1987
… of the African National Congress of South Africa (ANC), on behalf of the oppressed and struggling people of South … Mr. Andres Aguilar, of truly anti…
PlaceAlexander Bay, Namaqualand
… Coast of the Northern Cape in South Africa . Virtually on the Border with Namibia , in a Region known simply as: … nothing more Northerly, than this Seaside…
PlaceSarepta
… founded as far back as 1799, the Society was amalgamated on 23 September 1828, and its first Missionaries were … Fortuin, a Church Member and the author of a…
Document 11 - Second letter from Nelson Mandela to Hendrik Verwoerd
… the All-In African National Conference in Pietermaritzburg on 26 March 1961, demanding the calling by your Government … our protest against the White…
PlaceMapungubwe
… is an Iron Age archaeological site in the Limpopo Province on the border between South Africa , Zimbabwe and Botswana , … with China, India and Egypt. The…
PlaceAddo Elephant Game Reserve, Port Elizabeth
… Green Energy Strategy that envisages saving energy on the demand side and replacing fossil fuels on the production side through the use of renewable energy. …
Memorandum by Ben Turok before the ANC`s Morogoro Conference and a "Reply" by Joe Matthews, 5 April 1969, Morogoro
… The present discussion will be based largely on experiences in Dar es Salaam and on information obtained from other comrades from time to … been no reports…
Nelson Mandela’s leadership: The early years (Part 1) by Raymond Suttner, 4 June 2018
… Despite the vast literature on Nelson Mandela, the qualities that his leadership … he had in mind. Despite the plethora of articles and books on Nelson…
PlaceHangberg, Hout Bay
… Hangberg is an Area in Hout Bay , Cape Town. It is situated on the Mountain slopes between Hout Bay Harbour and The … prominence in National news because of…
AAM and UN: partners in the international campaign against apartheid
… of this scope, of no other campaign that was carried on so long and with such persistence, and of no other cause … than the liberation movement. The meeting…
87. Today’s lessons are tomorrow’s weapons for students
… by Surendra Bhana and Bridglal Pachai University students on black campuses were politically active in the 1970s. We … put by SASPU [South African Students…
Document 8 - S. P. Bunting, The “Colonial” Labour Front, 23 October 1922
… 23 October 1922 "The policy of the Communist International on national and colonial questions must be chiefly to bring … to lead up.16 As clause 11 says,…
ArchiveGetting to know Omar from the inside out by Robyn Sassen, February 19, 2019
… silent, but robustly populated. All eyes are focused on the speaker, who is out of your line of sight. In this … brilliance and love of a community is what…
Art Matters by Suzanne P. Blier, 05 December 2014
… while the other comprises a pair of small storefronts on a busy thoroughfare several blocks from the yard. But to focus on this feature is to miss other key…
Document 28 - Negotiations: a strategic perspective
… The report of the Fact Finding and Conciliation Commission on Freedom of Association concerning the Republic of South … this principal as stated by the…
Balfour Declaration 1926
… were appointed at the meeting of the Imperial Conference on the 25 th October, 1926 , to investigate all the questions on the Agenda affecting Inter-Imperial…
PlaceEersteling Monument, Polokwane
… string of subsequent mining attempts that have been made on the property over the last 140 years – Eersteling’s … in history books, Eersteling does have a…
Document 16 - F. W. de Klerk’s speech at the opening of Parliament
… clear timelines. Reach an agreement in the Alliance NOBs on process to be followed. An Alliance task team could be set up to begin work on a broad…
Nelson Mandela Letter to F.W. de Klerk, 9 July 1992
… the government regarding the purpose of negotiations lies, on the one hand, in our commitment to constitutionality and a transitional government as soon as…
Eye of the Needle - Chapter 6 - Education for Freedom
… of this authority structure, discipline and deference on the part of the child. Within this framework there are, of … nearly every "fact" learned at school,…