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317 records
Second World War and its impact, 1939-1948
… of these migrant workers had to live in shantytowns or townships on the outskirts of the cities, and living and …
Article“Bantu Education or the Street” by Norman Levy
… to a bizarre version of primary “teaching” in the townships when those schools re-opened. A wave of protest … there were however, some regulations governing…
ArticleCommunity histories in Port Elizabeth
… sowing the seeds of the 'apartheid city'. Xhosa Townships and Homelands The dawn of apartheid in the 1940s … retail and business development was permitted…
ArticleElections in post Apartheid South Africa
… outs as an expression of dissent. Elections held in Black Townships following the enactment of the Black Local …
Disbanding, 1990-1991
… and did not have much success in reducing violence in townships. The biggest campaign for the year ended up …
ArticleThe Conflict between the AZAPO and the UDF - popular violence in the 1980s and 1990s
… place. AZAPO also had a measure of support in the African townships of Durban and Pietermaritzburg. Skirmishes between …
ArticleFatima Meer Timeline 1928-2010
… from the Indian community to build schools in African townships of Umlazi, Port Shepstone and Inanda. Built the … to address the injustices suffered in the…
ArticleCato Manor timeline 1650-2007
… move people to the racially exclusive African and Indian townships of KwaMashu, Umlazi and Chatsworth miles away meet …
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1980s
… the Worker 1980 Massive national school boycotts rocks the townships. 1980 Fietas, Johannesburg: The Pageview Residents … 1980 28 May, The schools boycott…
Article1970s: Black Consciousness Movement in South Africa
… massacre, tensions began mounting in the Cape Town African townships of Nyanga and Langa. Philip Kgosana , a leader of … which you should refer to. Soweto…
ArticleUnited Democratic Front (UDF)
… political awareness, study groups began to develop in townships across the country. Some of these were very …
ArticleA History of South African Literature, timeline 1824-2005
… states of emergency that brought white troops to the townships; a state of civil war existed in all but name. With … perspective of a white academic who is…
Re-Emergence of Congress Activity 1980s
… support police efforts at containing ongoing unrest. Three townships south of Johannesburg –Sebokeng, Sharpeville and … broke out in Sebokeng and police were…
ArticleJune 16 Soweto Youth Uprising timeline: 1976-1986
… arrested for offences related to the resistance in the townships. Within four months of the Soweto revolt 160 … protest is marked by uncontrollable fury…
ArticleInsurrections Ensemble
… from the jazz players in the black and coloured townships surrounding Port Elizabeth. He is also a music …
ArticlePort Elizabeth the Segregated city
… retail and business development was permitted within the townships (as they began to be called), forcing residents to …
ArticleBlack Consciousness and 16 June – The birth of a new generation
The Black Consciousness philosophy gained most of its support in the secondary schools and universities. The role played by the Black Consciousness Movement …
ArticleBoeremag Treason Trial Timeline
… a formula for poison to put into water reservoirs in black townships had been discussed at a Boeremag meeting, a police …
Biography of Lefifi Tladi by Paul Linck
… because it was hard for students to see beyond their townships for inspiration [ix] . On that topic, he says …
ArticlePoqo in the Western Cape and Transkei in the early 1960s
… among black people in Mbekweni township of Paarl and other townships around Cape Town. Towards the end of 1962 Poqo …
Art lost in a time of struggle by Mary Corrigall
… termed "black art". He clearly had an impact on art in the townships and encouraged artists to produce work that wasn't …
ArticlePaper abstracts and biographies of speakers
… following the Youth uprising in 1976 in Soweto and other townships. In doing so it also wants to investigate possible … of the liberation movement. In Soweto…
ArticleStaffrider magazine (1978-1993)
… as writers across the country, particularly in the townships, formed writing groups. These groups were …
ArticleThe Nelson Mandela Presidency - 1994 to 1999
… The negotiations were tense. Violence across South African townships erupted, followed by the assassination of ANC and …
ArticleRace and ethnicity in South Africa
… In urban areas, Africans were housed in the urban townships on ethnic lines and received their schooling in …
ArticleReactions to Silverton Siege 1980
… political demands, as millions of ordinary people in the townships, factories, urban and rural areas waged determined …
ArticleDecember 16, the reflection of a changing South African heritage
… 1934 the CPSA organized nine separate meetings in the townships to challenge the restrictions of the Urban Areas …
ArticleSouth African National Students Congress (SANSCO)
… On 28 May 1980 the schools boycott spread to the Black townships. In Durban and Port Elizabeth riot police were …
ArticleA history of prison labour in South Africa
… Prison, for 5 cents. Some of the prisoners were from townships surrounding Durban, such as Umlazi. Other prison …
ArticleA history of Apartheid in South Africa
… and Lady Selborne. These black people were then placed in townships outside of the town. They could not own property …