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Poqo political trials and the execution of its operatives in the 1960s
Mass mobilization of the 1950s culminated in the Sharpeville massacre on 21 March 1960. Soon thereafter the apartheid government banned the African National…
ArticleElections in post Apartheid South Africa
1994: South Africa's first non racial, democratic electionsSouth Africa’s democratic system was endorsed by voters drawn from across the country’s racial…
ArticleStudent protests in democratic South Africa - Timeline
2009 February 2009, the University of Limpopo in Limpopo Province experienced student protests concerning accommodation, National Student Financial Aid…
KwaMsiza - A Ndebele village: References/Bibliography
BATTISS, JUNOD, FRANZ and GROSSERT. 1958. The Art of Africa. Pietermaritzburg: Shuter and Shooter. BEINART, Julian. Undated. The Popular Art of Africa…
ArticleThe Johanna
The Johanna, or Joanna, was a British East Indiaman vessel sailing from Kent, England, to Surat, India, under the command of Captain Robert Brown. She embarked…
ArticleCapitalism in the USA 1900 to 1940
How did the Great Depression in the USA bring about a crisis of capitalism? Background and focus It is important to understand that the focus of THIS section…
The War
The flag of the Boer Republic of the Orange Free State On 9 October 1899 the SAR issued an ultimatum to Britain and two days later, on 11 October the war was…
ArticlePoverty and development
One of the most important issues for women in South Africa has always been that of poverty. During the apartheid years, black women were forced into the rural…
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1990s
1990 Nelson Mandela is released from prison. 27 townships declared unrest areas in terms of the Public Safety Act No 3 of 1953. Gazankulu: Immorality and…
ArticleThe African Mine workers strike of 1946
Introduction The strike by some 76,000 black miners in 1946 was one of the most significant examples of industrial action by black workers in South Africa…
ArticleSummary: The Kingdom of Mali and the City of Timbuktu in the 14th Century
The Mali Empire (c. 1235-1600 CE)At its height, the Mali Empire stretched across more than 1.29 million square kilometres of West Africa, encompassing the…
Robben Island
Unesco declared Robben Island in the Western Cape a World Heritage Site in 1999. Robben Island is located in Table Bay, some 6km west of Bloubergstrand, and…
First Matabele War
In 1890 Cecil John Rhodes became premier of South Africa with the support of the Afrikaner Bond. Rhodes' grand imperial vision for a British Africa included…
ArticleThe Early Cape Slave Trade
The year 1658 marks the beginning of the slave trade at the Cape colony. During the first four years of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) settlement at the…
Passage to Natal - The Journey
Travelling conditions on the ships transporting workers from India were deplorable. The voyages were long, with the danger of disease breaking out, ever…
ArticleKenyan Timeline
The earliest human ancestors (Homo erectus and Homo habilis) have their origin in East Africa more than 2 million years ago. Several human remains have been…
Article2014 South African platinum strike: longest wage strike in South Africa
In democratic South Africa, the government allows citizens to express dissatisfaction through peaceful demonstrations. Workers are also allowed by legislation…
Speech delivered on the condolence motion in honour of the late Ebrahim "Cas" Saloojee in the national assembly – 5 February 2009
Madam Speaker I am truly humbled to have been selected by the ANC to present a message of condolence and an obituary on the late Ebrahim "Cas" Saloojee. It…
ArticleAzanian Students Organisation (AZASO)
Filling the void left by SASO? The Azanian Students Organisation (AZASO): A summary Following the banning of the South African Student Organisation (SASO) a…
ArticleUnited Democratic Front (UDF)
The United Democratic Front (UDF) was an anti-apartheid body that incorporated many anti-apartheid organisations. It was launched in 1983, in Mitchells Plain…
ArticleChief Albert John Mvumbi Luthuli timeline 1800 - 1967
Historical Context to Chief Luthuli Chronology While Chief Luthuli himself preferred another spelling and signed his name without an 'h', his surname is…
ArticleThe aftermath of the Battle of Blood River 1838
The fate of Natalia After the defeat of Dingane, the Kingdom of the AmaZulu was hurled into political strife. Mpande was open to the demands for land by the…
ArticleSonghai, African Empire, 15-16th Century
Overview, West Africa and the rise of the Songhai Empire West Africa is home to many of Africa's oldest kingdoms. These kingdoms played an important role in…
ArticleHistory Grade 10 - Topic 1 The Ming Dynasty
Chinese civilisation stretches back to least 2000 BC. It became a single empire in 221 BC. [1] China was ruled by a series of dynasties until 1911 and from…
ArticlePolitical executions in South Africa by the apartheid government 1961 - 1989
On 9 June 1983, three members of the armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC), uMkhonto we Sizwe (MK), were executed at the gallows in Pretoria…
ArticleBloemfontein Timeline 1824-2010
1824 The Matabele, underChief Mzilikazi, settle on Thaba Bosiu. 1833 The Baralong under Chief Moroka II settle at what was later known as ThabaNchu. …
ArticleKora
The Korana or Kora were a nomadic Khoikhoi group that probably derived their name from a chief called Kora (or Gora), who was originally a leader of the…
ArticleHIV/Aids in South Africa
HIV/Aids is a deadly disease, which is currently not curable. The United Nations AIDS agency (UNAIDS) says the evidence that HIV is the underlying cause of…
The South African Human Rights Commission
South Africa's Constitution (1996) enshrines the supremacy of the Constitution and the rule of law. Everyone in South Africa, including the government, and all…
Indian South Africans timeline 1940-1949
Indian South Africans Timeline: 1940-1949 1940 January, A meeting is held between the Nationalist Bloc, Transvaal Indian Congress (TIC) leadership and…