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… and many of those who did teach were underqualified. In 1961, only 10 per cent of black teachers held a matriculation …

… a republic. A majority voted in support of him. In March 1961 Verwoerd attended the Commonwealth conference in London … to establish a republic had already been tabled in January 1961. On 31 May 1961 the Republic of South Africa (RSA) came into being. In …

… Witwatersrand remained stagnant at 15 000 between 1956 and 1961. The Rand committee was affected by the treason trial … 20, 000 with 19 to 53, 000 with 51 unions between 1956 and 1961. Between 1957 and 1960 SACTU organised major workers' …

… health, Chief Luthuli did not deliver this statement.   1961 March 15, Prime Minister H.F. Verwoerd withdraws South … He is the first African to win the prize. 21 October 1961, Chief Luthuli`s speech at a ceremony where he was … and fighter for peace,' to whom the Nobel Peace Prize for 1961 was awarded. At the conclusion of his address, Chief …

… in February and November 1957, one in 1960 and another in 1961. This was an indication that the town had become a … African Congress of Trade Unions. The last one was in 1961 and was a response to the dismissal of workers by the … faced a strike that was caused by fare increases in May 1961. Conclusion Popular struggles in the early period of …

… and eventually dividing the accused into two groups. In 1961 the last remaining 30 were found not guilty. The Treason …

… 1960 in Tunisia followed by another one in Egypt in March 1961. As more African countries became independent, the need …

… John Bisseker High School, in East London, Eastern Cape. 1961 Is recruited into the African National Congress (ANC) …

… 1961 FNLA and MPLA begin a guerrilla campaign to overthrow …

… were also banned, and went into exile. In November of 1961 some SACP and ANC members managed to meet in secret the … the ANC, to be led by the ANC and the SACP. In December 1961 MK exploded the first homemade bombs in a two-year …

… roads, a power station, a new water supply and houses. In 1961 it started being used as a prison again. During …

… Sputnik, which means 'travelling mate' in Russian. In 1961 the Russian Yuri Gagarin became the first person to go …

… were killed. The first act by MK took place on 16 December 1961, and during the next 18 months the group managed about …

… in overthrowing ‘unfriendly’ regimes in Iran and Guatemala 1961 :  Bay of Pigs invasion.  Construction of Berlin Wall … Doctrine and Marshall Plan;   - Berlin Crises from 1949 to 1961 (broad understanding of the crises); and   - opposing …

… in Pretoria Central for political reasons on 5 September 1961 were Thompson Chamane, Joe Mlangeni Khuzwayo , Maqadini … naval base, 1939-1959 and (v) use as an apartheid prison, 1961-1996. [10] Having been devoid of prisoners for nearly … accepted the first of its next batch of prisoners in 1961. It was used as a maximum-security prison for both …

… is opposed - they should resign from their positions. 1961 February, amidst rumours that the government intended to … Conference in Pietermaritzburg followed on 25 March 1961. It was advertised to start at the Edendale Community … and a stay-at-home would be held on 29-31 May 1961 to protest South Africa's declaration of a Republic on …

… Town was issued although most areas were not zoned until 1961. Protea Village was proclaimed a white group area in 1961, parts of the city such as Boo-Kaap and parts of … For example Mowbray was proclaimed a white group area in 1961 and the Cavendish Square area in Claremont was …

… including Nelson Mandela were only released in March 1961 because the State could not prove its case 1958 Dr. … of Laudium, a residential township for Indians. 1961 South Africa becomes a Republic and leaves the …

… Umkhonto we Sizwe logo 16 December 1961 is seen as the date of formation because Umkhonto …

… as the editor of the New Age (successor of The Guardian ). 1961 29 March, The charges are dropped against the 156 in the …

… of the 1956 Treason Trial to its conclusion in 1961. That same year, the ANC and SACP jointly set up … closes the case for the defense in the Treason Trial. 1961 The South African Communist Party (SACP) and ANC members … Africans are instigated to strike on 29, 30 and 31 May 1961. A case in compliance with Section 2 (A) of the Act …

… the Poqo remained inactive for most of 1960 and part of 1961, it was revived in 1961 with the formation of underground cells particularly in … Town became prominent Poqo areas of operation. In December 1961 the PAC began its campaign of mobilising support to …

… this nature was the General Law Amendment Act, No. 39 of 1961. An amendment to the Criminal Procedure Act, this law …

… parties launched military wings of their organisations in 1961. …

… and Zulu programmes. Dadoo visited Moscow again in October 1961, accompanied by Moses Kotane, who had studied in the … move required circumspection. Broadening cooperation In 1961, Vella Pillay asked the Soviets to take in 10 students … later to become the president of Angola. In December 1961, the Soviets decided to re-establish the International …

… the functions of city councils. The White population in 1961 now exceeded 11000, and there were 8000 motor vehicles … Tom Naude retired from active politics, and in January 1961 he became the head of the Senate after becoming a … Landbou. The swimming pool in Church Square was closed in 1961 and a new Olympic sized pool was built in Voortrekker …

… on a charge of High Treason. The Trial continues until 1961. 1958 Albertina gave birth to her and Walter's fifth … banned under the newly created Unlawful Organizations Act. 1961 Alice Sisulu, Walter's mother died.   29 March, Walter … blacks were instigated to strike on 29, 30 and 31 May 1961. A case in compliance with Section 2 (A) of the Act …

… freedom movement. The trial lasts from 1957 until March 1961. Eventually all 156 leaders are found not guilty. 1957 … is detained for five months during the State of Emergency. 1961 March, Kathrada is part of a small committee entrusted … even before the official launch of MK on 16 December 1961.  He is a member of the Regional Command that identifies …

… Treason Trial defendants and in MK when it was formed in 1961. Due to these more militant protests, by the 1950s and …