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Article1970s: Black Consciousness Movement in South Africa
Teachers and learners should note that there are many links on this site which deal with the depth and breadth of the Black Consciousness Movement in South…
EventFirst ANC Conference in SA in three decades
The African National Congress (ANC) held its first Consultative Conference in South Africa after thirty-one years from 14-16 December 1990. It was considered…
ArticleYusuf Dadoo Timeline: 1950 - 1959
Yusuf Dadoo Timeline: 1950 - 1959 1950 January 6-8, The Communist Party of South Africa (CPSA) holds its last legal conference in Johannesburg prior to…
PlaceMLR-cannon, Middle North Battery, Simonstown
The gun was designed in 1865 as a broadside gun for ironclad ships and harbour seafront defence. A total of 190 were made. The gun was last fired in 1903…
EventPupils refuse to return to school before Soweto Uprisings
Soweto pupils rejected the Orlando Diepkloof School board's demand that they return to class following a walkout to protest the use of Afrikaans as a medium of…
EventDeputy Minister of Bantu Education,Treurnicht is warned about deteriorating conditions in Soweto
Rene de Villiers, member of parliament for Parktown, drew the attention of deputy minister of Bantu education, Dr Andries P. Treurnicht, to the fact that an…
ArticleYusuf Dadoo Timeline: 1960 - 1969
Yusuf Dadoo Timeline: 1960 - 1969 1960 March 16, The Boycott Movement, in London, is renamed the Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM). Tennyson Makiwane, Vella…
EventThe first Comrades Marathon takes place
The first Comrades Marathon was run by Vic Clapham, ex World War One veteran and other 34 runners, who initiated it as a reunion. Clapham wanted to remember…
EventPupils boycott classes in defiance of the use of Afrikaans in their schools
Pupils at Phefeni Secondary School started boycotting classes in protest against the use of Afrikaans as medium of instruction in certain subjects in schools…
ArticleAzanian People’s Organization (AZAPO)
In aftermath of the June 16 Uprising, the government cracked down on student activists and organisations alike. On 19 October 1977 the Black Consciousness…
Indian South Africans timeline 1940-1949
Indian South Africans Timeline: 1940-1949 1940 January, A meeting is held between the Nationalist Bloc, Transvaal Indian Congress (TIC) leadership and…
Article1960's Diaries of Nelson Mandela on his trip through Africa
“The time comes in the life of a nation when there remain only two choices –submit or fight”. In 2005 Dr Garth Benneyworth (Sol Plaatje University) located a…
ArticleNelspruit Timeline 1815-1996
1815 Louis Trichardt and Hans van Rensburg cross the Oranje/Gariep river. June 1836, Van Rensburg leaves Trichardt while Potgieter goes on an expedition to…
ArticleLand Restitution in South Africa since 1994
Land restitution is one of the key issues since South Africa achieved democracy in 1994 and as such an overview of what has been achieved since the…
EventBotswana accuses South Africa of kidnapping a former Soweto student leader, Peter Lengene
Botswana accused South Africa of kidnapping a former Soweto student leader, Peter Lengene, from Gaborone and transporting him to South Africa. Later the…
PlaceBloemfontein Technical College, Douglas Street, Bloemfontein
Also known as the Old Grey College building. The structure was designed by Architect WH Stucke and was erected in 1894-95 by building contractor D Godley. Its…
EventNyanga school Principal's office burnt
On 24 June 1976 the Principal's office in Hlengisi Primary, Nyanga, outside Cape Town is burnt down. The broader context of this is that on 16 June 1976 school…
EventNasty C, the South African hip hop artist and song writer is born
Nsikayesizwe David Junior Ngcobo, stage name Nasty C was born in Durban[i] on 11 February 1997.[ii] He started rapping at the age of nine.[iii] Nasty C was…
ArticleThe Crackdown on the Black Consciousness Movement in 1973
The period after the Sharpeville Massacre and the banning of the African National Congress (ANC) and the Pan African Congress (PAC), especially after the…
ArticleTimeline of the Labour and Trade Union Movement in South Africa 1881 - 1919
The period preceding the formation of the South Africa Union witnessed the establishment and growth of trade unionism which continued even after formation…
EventNotorious ‘SOWETO’ policeman dies
Brigadier Theuns Swanepoel ("Rooi Rus"), one of the most feared interrogators of the South African Security Police, dies in Roodepoort. Brigadier Swanepoel is…
Article2016 in Review
In 2016 South Africa History Online celebrates 15 years of being a public open source heritage site. What a journey it has been. At the end of the first week…
EventThe Immigration Regulation Act is passed in South Africa
On 14 June 1913, the first Immigration Regulation Act, which limited the free movement of Asians, and restricted their entry into the country, was passed in…
ArticleSharpeville Timeline
16 December 1959 - At the annual African National Congress (ANC) conference, Chief Albert Luthuli declared that 1960 would be the "Year of the Pass", with a…
Township Uprising, 1984-1985
On 3 September the Tricameral Parliament opened in Cape Town while protest demonstrations began in the Transvaal, marking the start of the longest and most…
ArticleDurban Timeline 1497-1990
1497 - 1699 1497 24 December, A flotilla of three Portuguese ships under the command of Capt Vasco da Gama sailed up the eastern seaboard of southern…
EventProtests against Afrikaans language in Black schools
Afrikaans as a medium for education was deeply unpopular since Afrikaans was regarded by some as the language of the oppressor. It was against this background…
EventTwo former Soweto student leaders, Khotso Seathlolo and Mary Loate are given long term sentences
Two former Soweto student leaders, Khotso Seathlolo, 25, and Mary Loate, 23 were given long term imprisonment under the Terrorism Act. Seathlolo was given 15…
EventThe Azanian People’s Organisation (AZAPO) is founded after the government banned a host of BCM organisations in October 1977.
In the aftermath of the 16 June 1976 Uprising, in Soweto, Johannesburg, the apartheid government banned all the organisations under the Black Consciousness…
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1920s
July, Industrial and Commercial Workers Union of South Africa (ICU) is established as national Black trade union in Bloemfontein. 11 September, Gerrit…