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"Future of the Africanist Movement" Questions and Answers Y R. M. Sobukwe, in The Africanist, January 1959
… origin to 1912””the year the African National Congress (ANC), was born””with 1944 the year our Movement was given … in 1949 when the Afncanists (known as the…
ArticleYusuf Dadoo Timeline: 1960 - 1969
… Massacre. Immediately the African National Congress (ANC) calls for March 28 to be observed as a day of mourning. … the pass laws. March 27, On the…
EventRev. Michael Scott besiege the UN for justice regarding Herero people
… an Indian delegation and the New York-based International League for the Rights of Man (now the International League for Human Rights). In the same year …
Chris Hani Memorial Lecture delivered by President Jacob Zuma, 26 April 2013, Queenstown
… Mayor of Chris Hani District Municipality, Members of the ANC Provincial Executive Committee, Traditional Leaders and … after the 20th commemoration of the…
ArticleContinued resistance and internal criticism 1920s and 1930s
… In the following years, the African National Congress (ANC) leadership evolved to be more inclined to action than … very little was achieved during the 1920s…
ArchiveWebinar Programme: The SACP and Early Socialist Traditions. Convenor: Natasha Erlank
… black press, and moderate black political figures in the ANC , ICU, and liberal organisations. After winning a greater … terms and rhetoric were adopted by…
2002 Introduction By Jordi Martorell
… Party and its relationship with the leaders of the ANC. This is a crucial question which even today is not clear in the minds of many SACP, COSATU and ANC…
Images That Preserve History, and Make It : ‘Rise and Fall of Apartheid’ at Center of Photography by Holland Cotter (The New York Times), 20 September 2012
… as in pictures of the Women’s Defense of the Constitution league, known as the Black Sash, in the mid 1950s. A …
ArchiveDavid Goldblatt on Ranjith Kally's 'Memory Against Forgetting', by Ranjith Kally with Kalim Rajab, 30 January 2015
… a hoodlum who worked as an enforcer for the Crimson League gang, seem to penetrate to the very core of these … photographs of Albert Luthuli, the banned…
Document 38 - “How to Build o Revolutionary Mass Party in South Africa: A letter from the Executive Committee of the Communist International, “Umsebenzi, 12 December 1930
… mistakes. The policy carried by the Party leaders in the League of African Rights is an example of how the Communist Party abandons its independent role. The…
ArchiveCHAPTER 4 - A turn to masses by Howard Barrell
… 1 Introduction Between October 1978 and August 1979, the ANC tried to understand how its very emphasis on armed … its efforts to mount a sustained armed…
ArticleHermanus Loots aka James Stuart Timeline
… 1961 Is recruited into the African National Congress (ANC) military wing Umkhonto we Sizwe’s (MK) Luthuli … [iii] 1979 - 1983 Appointed chief representative…
Biography of Barry Gilder by Sofia Pullen
… Barry Gilder – The ANC Musician, Soldier, and Spy Abstract Barry Gilder is one … African National Congress into exile in 1976. He aided the ANC through his…
ArchiveAfrican Women`s Resistance to the Pass Laws in South Africa 1950-1960, by Elizabeth S. Schmidt
… an innovation of the 1950s. The African National Congress (ANC) had been organising opposition to the legislation since … appeals, petitions and deputations…
ArticleuMkhonto weSizwe (MK) Timeline 1961-1990
… or MK), the armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC), was jointly formed by leading members of the banned ANC and South African Communist Party …
EventGerman South West Africa is put under South African administration
… a mandate of the new international peace-keeping body, the League of Nations, and put under South African … animosity at the United Nations (UN), successor…
EventFirst United Nations General Assembly opens
… The United Nations Organisation (UNO) succeeded The League of Nations which was founded just after the end of World War I. The League of Nations was put in…
PlaceHellenic Football Club, Pretoria/Cape Town
… City'. In 1994, Hellenic lost the final of the NSL/PSL League Cup, then known as the: " Coca-Cola Cup ". In 1972 … Clubs, in the Country. In 2013, the Club…
Chapter 9 - Division weakens the movement
… itself, previously an uncontested Congress stronghold, the ANC (according to one boycott leader, Dan Mokonyane) was … its reaction in the radical nationalism…
ArticleThe Western Cape Farm Workers Strike 2012-2013
… that COSATU conspired with the African National Congress (ANC) in order to create chaos, thereby making the Western … Cape ungovernable. Marius Fransman,…
ArchiveCHAPTER FOUR: The Revival Of Alliance Politics, 1982-1984 by Kumi Naidoo
This chapter comes from the book
The armed struggle and state repression of the 1960s
… people, the Sharpeville incident and the banning of the ANC and the PAC. Soon after the break up between the ANC and the PAC, the ANC organised a protest…
ArticleCODESA 2 Timeline
… its constitutional principles. 08 January 1992: The ANC gives it annual statement. 20 January 1992: 5 Working … demonstrators gather outside the legislature…
ArticleTimeline — Land Dispossession and Restitution in South Africa - 1995-2013
… the advent of democratic rule in 1994, the newly elected ANC led government was faced with the task of dealing with a … the area by 2014. 5 May, Julius…
Labour Struggles in South Africa The Forgotten Pages 1903 - 1921 by Evangelos A. Mantzaris
… 'answer" to the Bolshevik Party (the Industrial Socialist League). Jewish Trade unionism in the Mother City at the turn … Impossible Revolution: The Cape…
ArticleHistory Grade 10 - Topic 1 The Mughal Empire
The Mughals were a powerful Turkic-Mongol tribe that originated from Central Asia.[1] The Mughal Empire controlled most of Northern India from the 16th to the…
BiographyHendrik Frensch Verwoerd
… emergency was declared, and the African National Congress (ANC) and the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) were banned. …
Museums, Heritage & Meaning Making Conference
Iziko Museums of South Africa is proud to host this landmark conference from 21–24 October 2025 at the Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town — marking 200…
ArticleuMkhonto weSizwe (MK)
… as an armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC). The formation of the MK Umkhonto weSizwe ("Spear of the … white minority government. The African…
ArticleAfrican National Congress Timeline 1970-1979
… By the 1970s a number of leading figures in the ANC were in prison while others were in exile. Those that … These countries played an important role for the…