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ArticleThe Tricameral Parliament, 1983-1984
… to apparently broaden political representation excluded Black Africans – far from being a movement towards a more … the UDF began to focus on the planned…
ArticleDefiance Campaign 1952
… to deny political representation and participation of Black people at all levels of government and which affected all sectors and all classes within the…
ArchiveSpeech by President Nelson Mandela to the Angolan National Assembly Luanda, 29 April 1998
… of Angola shows that both South Africa and Angola face the threat of forces that are unhappy with the changes … benefit from each other's development. Our…
PlaceLamu, Kenya
Lamu Island is a Port, City, an Island just off the shore of Kenya in the Indian Ocean approximately, 150 miles from Mombasa. Lamu Old Town is the oldest and…
"United Nations must take Action to Destroy Apartheid": Statement at the Meeting of the Special Political Committee of the United Nations General Assembly by O. T. Tambo, New York, 29 October, 1963
… economic power, its oppression and exploitation of all the black peoples, are part and parcel of the same thing. … statement such as that made by Basil…
National Council of African Women (NCAW)
… Movement and this drew criticism from the more radical black organizations and individuals like Josie Palmer of the …
ArticleSoweto Students’ Representative Council (SSRC)
… introduction of Afrikaans as a medium of instruction in black schools. Tsietsi Mashinini who fled South Africa in …
PlaceHeilbron, Free State
… and the Vereeniging Estates included relatively prosperous black tenant farmers. In July 1900 the newly-appointed … They were ‘unruly’, he complained…
Chapter II - More of the same
… helped me to get through the coming difficult weeks. The Black Sash protested on behalf of both Lilian Ngoyi and me, … cold morning I wrote the examination,…
ArticleCongress of South African Students (COSAS)
… as a national organization to represent the interests of Black school students in the wake of the Soweto uprisings . … Student Movement (SASM) and other…
ArticleThe Conflict between the AZAPO and the UDF - popular violence in the 1980s and 1990s
… 1984 to 1993. At its inception in 1979 AZAPO adopted the Black Consciousness (BC) philosophy of the Black People’s Convention (BPC). In the first four years…
PlaceTable Mountain Water Supply
… on it depended the little settlement on Table Bay . The face of the Table is riven by two diagonal gashes: to the … municipal dam faced West and the two…
Address to the National Council of Provinces, Cape Town 28 October 1999
… so great are the challenges of transformation we all face, that we do not have the possibility to rest on our … are not economically viable. One of the…
Chapter 4 - THE PARTY AND THE “SOLDIERS OF LUTHULI”
… efforts in the extremely difficult conditions which face us... [T]he new problems which arose in connection with … and has denuded our reserves to a critical…
Closing Address of Comrade Nelson R Mandela, Deputy President of the ANC 16 December 1990
… the nature of negotiations and the practical problems that face us on the ground. There would have been no talks about … be made by people who have no idea…
Chapter 14. Rebuilding the Union-Constitution
… began to enter the factories, and this brought us face to face with the crucial problem of race relations in industry. …
Chapter 10. Cleaning Up the Clothing Industry - Garment Workers in Action by E. S. Sachs
… were paid if and when cash was available. Hair-pulling face slapping and abusive language were common. One evening … appear again the following week. There…
ArticleGrade 8 - Term 2: The Mineral Revolution in South Africa
… most of the land for white ownership, forcing many black farmers to work as wage labourers on land they had previously owned. When the act was amended in…
Polokwane the Segregated city
… the conflict between Afrikaner and English recede as the Black-White relation more and more took centre stage in … of 1931, now tightened the restrictions on…
Address to the Annual Conference of the Natal, 23 November 1951
… pleads for co-operation among all people in South Africa, black and while. He attempts to motivate Africans to do … about their lot. He re-defines the…
BiographyMakhanda Nxele
… of colonialism for: “Nxele pioneered the spirit of Black consciousness among the black people of South Africa.” [109] End notes: [4]Julia C. …
ArticlePretoria Timeline 1800-2009
… Selbourne arrives in Pretoria. Lady Selbourne proclaimed a black township (north west of the city was the only township … passed, which leads to the creation…
2007 ANC National Policy Conference: Report of the Commission on Economic Transformation, 30 June 2007, Gallagher Estate
… BELIEVING THAT The central and most pressing challenges we face are unemployment, poverty and inequality. In this … the ownership and control of productive…
Statement at the Ninth Extraordinary Session of the Council of Ministers of the Organisation of African Unity, Dar Es Salaam by O. R. Tambo, 7 – 10 April 1975
… the political oppression and economic exploitation of the black people. It serves both and is in turn sustained by … army of occupation and their subject…
Address by President, Nelson R. Mandela, at the funeral of Martin Chris Hani FNB Stadium, Soweto, 19 April 1993
… from gunmen who mow them down, as in Vanderbijlpark. Black lives are cheap, and will remain so as long as … and negotiations have started, but for the…
A New Era for Africa in a Globalizing World, Unesco, Paris, 19 November 2003
… a complex process that covered many centuries. All of us face the critical challenge to accept that, historically, … as an affirmation of the self-evident…
ArticleCustomary Law in South Africa: Historical Development as a Legal System and its Relation to Women’s Rights by Devon Wall
… Act of 1927, the title of which was later amended to the Black Administration Act. Section 11 provided the first … be applied at the discretion of the…
ArticleAfrapix Chronology 1981-1991
… and Art as a subject. The second category consisted of black photographers who worked in NGOs or were linked to … Durban. 1984 • In January, Gille De Vlieg,…
Chapter VI - HEAR US!
… endorsing signatures to be collected from the public, black and white, within a year. A national consultative … ten times as much being spent on white…
ArticleLand: dispossession, resistance and restitution
… that would consolidate their wealth, while excluding black people through legislative means. Thus, resolutions, … Africa , which was accomplished in May 1910…