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ArticleSouth Africa in the 1970s
… it was acknowledged that Ideas needed to be connected to action. This was inspired by utopian thinking. It created … were no clear demands that were made…
ArticleChief Albert John Mvumbi Luthuli timeline 1800 - 1967
… South African Indian Congress (SAIC) and Franchise Action Council (FRAC) decides that the Defiance Campaign shall commence on 26 June. 30 August, 'We Go To…
ArticleANC January 8th Statements
… listed below. January 8th, 2024 - The Year of United Action to Defend our Freedom and Advance a Better Life for … Decisive Victory! January 8th, 2023 - The…
Into the Fifties: Defiance by Norman Levy
… Chapter 8 Into the Fifties: Defiance Mass trials and mass action characterised the next two decades. The “Treason”, … white minority regime. Moreover, the…
ArticleSouth African Indian Congress (SAIC)
… 1918 once again called for a national conference. In the appeal letter the president, A. Esmal, and the secretary, A. … Africa. He added that they were…
The Triumph of the Radicals, 1939-1946
… with a slashing attack on the Bill and a militant call to action. Dr. Naicker, the president, made an equally bitter … and abroad to oppose the Bill. The…
The Triumph of the Radicals, 1939-1946
… refused tojoin. In the north, the Indians responded to the appeal, and this was amply demonstrated An the NEUF activity … radicals to pursue their policies…
ArticleDefiance Campaign timeline 1948-1952
… African National Congress (ANC) adopts the Programme of Action which sees the organisation abandoning its traditional … with a commitment to militant African…
ArticleCouncil of Non-European trade unions (CNETU)
… 200 Black laundry workers staged a strike after their appeal for a 2/6d weekly pay increase was declined. The … per week. Three weeks later Pretoria…
ArticleYusuf Dadoo Timeline: 1950 - 1959
… Square, Dr James Sebe Moroka declares support for united action against the governments laws. Moses Kotane of the … a public meeting. She becomes active in…
ArticleDevelopments leading to the New Dispensation
… community, most of whom were Afrikaans speakers. The appeal of the BCM for many Indian and Coloured youth, who …
The Colonial Photographic Discourse and Censorship – Challenges for Resistance Photographers
… Publications and Entertainment Act abolishing the right of appeal to the courts. 50 A major test of the government's … such as consecutive ex-Chairmen of the…
ArticleStudent Protests at Tshwane University of Technology - Timeline
… to end outsourscing at the University. As part of protest-action during this time, students blockaded entrances to the … 7 female and 9 male) are arrested by…
ArticleNelson Mandela Timeline 1960-1969
… of journalists.Chief Albert Luthuli is detained for this action and held until August, when he is tried. He is given a … also elects Nelson Mandela as…
ArticleJohn Langalibalele Dube Timeline 1940-1950
… for his industrial education scheme. 1898 Dube makes an appeal for funds to pastor Robert J Kent, who assisted him … of the Natives Land Act. 1914 Dube…
ArticleAnti-Pass Campaign
… PAC headquarters had announced that plans for "positive action" would be drawn up, and the Golden City Post had … the organisation had been taking too soft a…
ArticleANC Origins and Background
… hitherto fragmented and each with a ‘provincial’ appeal, to forge a unified political movement that would …
ArticleThe Freedom Charter Campaign
… the enthusiasm of their vast new following. The National Action Council (successor to the ANC/SAIC Joint Planning … At this meeting it was decided to…
The Bill of Rights
… financial burden on the state. 33. Just administrative action 1. Everyone has the right to administrative action that is lawful, reasonable and…
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1950s
… attacks the African National Congress (ANC) Programme of Action . March, Dr A.B. Xuma resigns from the African … a public meeting. She also becomes active…
ArticleGrey Street Complex timeline 1800-1999
… National Congress was strongly condemned by the Youth Action Committee of the African National Congress (Natal) and … said. “The occasion, we feel, calls for…
ArticleThe Congress of the People, Kliptown 1955
… the enthusiasm of their vast new following. The National Action Council (successor to the ANC/SAIC Joint Planning … At this meeting it was decided to…
ArticleThe Langa March, 30 March 1960
… who were imprisoned with their leaders, but still the mass action raged. By 9 April the death toll had risen to 83 … convinced the anti-apartheid leadership…
Marikana Commission of Inquiry
… after its Chair, retired Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeal Judge Ian Gordon Farlam. Other members included and …
Marikana Commission of Inquiry
… after its Chair, retired Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeal Judge Ian Gordon Farlam. Other members included and …
ArticlePixley ka Isaka Seme Timeline 1881-1951
… Seme travels with the Swazi king, Sobhuza II to England to appeal a land dispute against South Africa. He represents the …
ArticleMarikana Commission of Inquiry
… after its Chair, retired Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeal Judge Ian Gordon Farlam. Other members included and …
ArticlePublic Protest in Democratic South Africa
… Municipal IQ, which showed a sharp increase in protest action since 2009. These protests are view as “service … and movement such as the Right to Know…
ArticleCape Schools Join the Revolt
… the demonstrators after they witnessed the police in action. After the arrests, the youth re-formed and followed … for work and. riot squad cars that arrived…
Article1946 African Mineworkers Strike
… decided the Conference, the workers would take strike action. From May till July the Union redoubled its efforts to … after speaker mounted the platform and…