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31 records
BiographyJosiah Tshangana Gumede
… Stalin. On his return to South Africa on 17 February 1928, Gumede was given a hero’s welcome in Cape Town at a … expelled from the Industrial and Commercial…
BiographyHerbert Isaac Ernest Dhlomo
… a forty page novel entitled ‘An African Tragedy’ in 1928 and a series of short stories published in Stephen … Natal’s political ideologues. Champion, leader…
BiographyDr Alfred Bitini Xuma
… William Riley, Head of the Department of Entomology and Economic Zoology in the College of Agriculture became Xuma’s … establish his medical practice in…
ArticleIndustrial and Commercial Workers Union (ICU)
… the more dynamic Industrial and Commercial Workers Union (ICU), founded in Cape Town in 1919. Established by Clements … out hope for immediate change within…
ArticleIndustrial and Commercial Union Timeline 1919-1989
… 1919 The Industrial and Commercial Union (ICU) is formed in Cape Town after World War I, with a … body whatever, but”¦solely to propagate the industrial…
ArticleWomen, employment and the changing economic scene, 1920s
… were drawn into the labour market. Outside the reserves, economic opportunities opened up for African women too. … links with the Industrial and Commercial…
Article1910-1924: African nationalism and working-class and popular protests
… inhabitants, the right to own land had major socio-economic and political repercussions. The authorities evicted … war in 1919 the Industrial and Commercial…
ArticleAfrican nationalism and working-class & popular protests, 1910-1924
… inhabitants, the right to own land had major socio-economic and political repercussions. The authorities evicted … war in 1919 the Industrial and Commercial…
State policies and social protest, 1924-1939
… by passing laws in the 1920s that severely curtailed black economic freedom, including a prohibition on forming unions, … more widespread. Some were more…
Document 15 - E. R. Roux, Black and White Trade Unionism in South Africa, 28 July 1928
… Black and White Trade Unionism in South Africa, 28 July 1928 Until recent years there was no native trade unionism in … characteristics of a trade union. In…
ArchiveWebinar Programme: The SACP and Early Socialist Traditions. Convenor: Natasha Erlank
… From Garvey to Lenin, via Kadalie: The ICU’s “Ginger” Faction and the Transformation of Interwar … complex history, bringing out the changing political and…
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1920s
… Industrial and Commercial Workers Union of South Africa (ICU) is established as national Black trade union in … aim of the deputation is to study the general…
ArticleSouth African Communist Party Timeline 1870-1996
… leader of the Industrial and Commercial Workers Union (ICU) is born in Malawi. Edwin Thabo Mofutsanyana long … meets with Bukharin, the leading person in the…
Chapter 7 - Gumede keeps the bright fire burning, 1928-29
… ‘I am prepared to lay down my life for freedom’, Gumede, 1928. Introduction As the first President-General to … of racial violence marked by attacks of the…
Chapter Two - The year with the ICU: 1921 - 1926
… his niche: organising workers through the vehicle of the ICU, an organisation which he had joined while in Kimberley. … into a rational policy in the…
Chapter 8- Gumede walks the ANC and SACP tightrope, 1930–46‘
… Transvaal ANC, the Ballinger and Kadalie sections of the ICU and the SA Federation of Non-European Trade Unions … Indian Revolution. Gumede pointed out that …
2. Potchefstroom: A Fighting Location
… for black organisations to assist them. Although the ICU took the lead in responding to their grievances, the … districts and who had migrated to…
Working Life - Factories, Township and Popular Culture 1886 - 1940 - New Workers, New Unions
… towns from their meagre wages. As one observer noted in 1928: ‘Much of the semi-skilled work which formed part of the … was the nation-wide general union of…
Document 28 - Letterfrom E. R. Roux to the Central Executive, Communist Party of South Africa, 25 September 1928
… Executive, Communist Party of South Africa, 25 September 1928 … while in Moscow may in part have been due to the sort of political intimidation to which we…
Chapter 6 -The making of a black Bolshevik: Gumede and the League Against Imperialism, 1927
… chapter is Gumede’s extensive visits to Europe in 1927 and 1928. It has long been recognised that Gumede’s historic … be bringing the money which he owed…
ArticleHistory of Women’s Struggle in South Africa
… the home – that was more properly the domain of men. Economic activity beyond the home (in order to help feed and … links with the Industrial and Commercial…
Document 45 - Ray Alexander, “Trade Unionism in South Africa”, Discussion, 1, 6, 1952
… and through organisation develop their understanding of political and economic problems. The Formation of a National Trade Union … worried, and was actually…
Document 121 - A. Mon (M. N. Averbach), “The Colour Bar and the National Struggle for Full Democratic Rights”, Workers’ Voice, 1, 2, November 1944
… imposed from above by the Stalinist bureaucracy in 1928. We do not want to create the impression that we … the desire of the non-European masses, awakening…
ArticleGrey Street Complex timeline 1800-1999
… Provincial Secretary and Durban Branch Chairman of the ICU. December. The Workers’ opens its doors and operates from … Hall in Queen Street. The Grey Street…
Chapter Five - The Fighter for Black Unity: 1935 - 1945
… is of greater importance to the non-Europeans than on economic lines" he urged his party to adapt itself to the new … Johnny Gomas (Acting Pres); Bransby…
ArticleuMkhonto weSizwe (MK) in exile
… efforts of some African countries were limited by their economic weakness and dependence on their former colonial … Throughout the 1920s and 1930s Swazis…
3. The Communist Party of South Africa and the Communist International
… delegates at the Sixth Comintern International Congress in 1928. The thesis supported 'an independent native republic, … to work with him and 'not to follow…
Historical Overview of Black Resistance, 1932-1952 - The Congress of the People and Freedom Charter Campaign by Ismail Vadi, New Delhi, 1995
… Contents Economic Development and the Expansion of the African Working … the way for closer collaboration and cooperation with the ICU and the ANC in mid to…
Umrabulo - Issue No.11, 2nd Quarter 2001
… poor and providing opportunities for blacks and women in economic, social, educational, cultural and other spheres. … understanding in adopting the "Black…
‘Wash Me Black Again’: African Nationalism, the Indian Diaspora, and Kwa-Zulu Natal, 1944-1960 by Jon Soske
… Patterns and Policies in South Africa, 1951-1960,” Economic Geography 40, no. 3 (July 1964), 268. This … Grey Street hotels admitted Africans, the Liquor Act…