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… September 1984, which led to clashes with both police and township councillors, and left thirty people dead. The … against the state, and did not plan to get involved in township militancy. The UDF was aware of the civic problems … African History Archives. The UDF took little notice of township revolts in the first months of 1984, and only …

… 300 armed men from Kwa Madala Hostel in nearby Sebokeng Township. The armed men were affiliated to the Inkatha … developments in relations between hostel inmates and township residents in the period 1978 to 1983. In townships … South Africa interactions between hostel inmates and township residents were typically neighbourly, with both sets …

… It was originally intended to be called Motsemogolo (large township), but was named after Mrs. MP Atteridge instead, the … from Marabastad moved to Atteridgeville. Hammanskraal The township of Temba was started in the late 1950 s to house … known as Vlakfontein, Mamelodi was another residential township established for Blacks in 1951. Located 16km east of …

… allowed to buy freehold land. These early developments of Township settlement for black people should be followed … people were relocated to what was to become the first township of Soweto, namely Orlando. Most of the 1st … in Alexandra resulted in communities removed from this township being resettled in Diepkloof and Meadowlands. Forced …

… stood at barely a hundred. As the population of the township grew during the 1920s and 1930s, the racial … comprising Sophiatown, Martindale and Western Native Township (later Western Coloured Township). In 1928 there were 12 000 people living in the …

… Life Factories, Townships and Popular Culture 1886 - 1940, Township Working Life Factories, Townships and Popular …

… of 1932 the first of Orlando’s residents moved into the township to settle. Slum clearance from the inner city … continued and was only completed in 1936 when Prospect Township, the last of Johannesburg’s inner city slums was … freehold townships, Sophiatown and Alexandra Township. Only a few opted to enter the municipal location of …

… a unique community juxtaposed with the seedy and violent township with dangers lurking at every corner. Don Mattera … and one tap shared by 150 to 200 residents. People and the township dogs relieved themselves against the same walls and … that is because it was never a location. It was a freehold township, which meant that it was one of the rare places in …

… 1994 and January 1995, armed youth gangs in Alexandra Township outside of Johannesburg, Gauteng Province, destroyed … an outburst of xenophobic violence in the Johannesburg township of Alexandra triggered more xenophobic violence in … boy, Siphiwe Mahori, during an alleged robbery in Soweto Township. The boy was shot in the neck and died within 15 …

… there are still glaring gaps in critical areas of the township's history that need to be plugged to achieve a … to these developments.  Sophiatown is celebrated as a township known for its gangsters, musicians, artists and … movement. Robert Resha, the prominent ANC leader in the township appears to have understood this dynamic of the …

… The fury and frustration that had been simmering amongst township youth had free reign. There was enormous police … machine carbines had taken up strategic positions in the township. Helicopters flew overhead. The army was on standby. …

… began to take form, the popularity of resistance-based township music and culture rose simultaneously with the … Sophiatown, but scurry down the back alleys between tiny township houses and shacks, hurling petrol bombs or firing … inadvertently formed a new movement and genre of music, Township Jazz. Ansell conveys that during a time of severe …

… The Langa students march with placards through their township streets accompanied by their teachers who are … Cape June 16th youth uprising The youth march from Naledi Township, at the south western end of Soweto, collecting …

… areas - Martindale and Newclare, as well as Alexandra Township, were unique features in a city that was developing …

… 1994 and January 1995, armed youth gangs in the Alexandra Township outside of Johannesburg, Gauteng Province, destroyed … unemployment, crime, and even the spread of AIDS. In the township of Zandspruit, a township in of Johannesburg, residents went on a rampage …

… status. The language of Kwaito is Isicamtho, South African township slang. Isicamtho is a modern version of tsotsitaal - … that has always been thought of as the language of township thugs, and is probably derived from flaaitaal of the … incorporated into daily conversations. Kwaito is about the township, knowing about the township, understanding the …

… Police opened fire on anti-apartheid protesters in the township of Sebokeng, near Johannesburg, killing at least 14 … against the shooting by the police of demonstrators in the township of Sebokeng. 1 April, KwaNdebele: Traditional … the police killing of 17 peaceful demonstrators at the township of Sebokeng. 20 April, Stating that the arms would …

… This showed the widespread support the ANC had in the township The Native Laws Amendment Act of 1952 is passed, …

… as they were resisting forced removals to the newly-built township of Khayelitsha. 21 March, As part of commemorating … are killed by South African police in KwaThema, Springs, a township on the East Rand. 5-14 August, In a period of less … had gathered to protest against the army’s presence in the township, high rents, and the imposition of restrictions on …

… Initially the emerging civic organisation in African township and coloured areas moved towards forming a combined …

… were opened in various areas such as Paarl and Langa township. The Langa branch which was most vibrant PAC branch … 1959. Support for the party came from mainly residents of township single men’ hostels mainly some of who were migrant … C Makiwane were killed and 26 others were injured. Langa township was gripped by tension and in the turmoil that …

… women daily), and the absence of meeting facilities in township areas, requiring people to congregate in modest township homes instead, meant this practice fell away. As a … women daily), and the absence of meeting facilities in township areas, requiring people to congregate in modest …

… of organization. Playing a key role in coordinating township struggles and was a prominent member of structures … members, however in the wake of the Six Day War in Alex township in 1986, its membership swelled to several hundred, …

… was recognised across the country as the model African township, and the Council was able to censor almost all local … the 1950s, particularly the administration of its African Township, is significant in the Vereeniging Town Council's … March 1960. In the early 1950s, Vereeniging's only Black Township, Top Location, was modelled along the same lines as …

… arrives in Pretoria. Lady Selbourne proclaimed a black township (north west of the city was the only township where blacks were allowed to own land) Lady … is merged with Pretoria. 1951 The black residential township of Mamelodi is laid out. 1957 Black inhabitants of …

… with the students of Soweto. Students marched through township streets such as Jungle Walk Street with placards … The outbreak of the revolt in Cape Town did not end in the township schools, student leaders at the University of the …

… was known as marabi, possibly derived from the township of Marabastad in Pretoria. Marabi reflected the way … Basie and Louis Armstrong, and these made a strong impact. Township music was also heavily influenced in the 1940s and … spirit of Africa in it. (Source: Quoted in D.Coplan, In Township Tonight!, p. 154) Tsaba-tsaba eventually evolved …

… to displace Africans from Sophiatown, a largely African township of Johannesburg, which had become a threat to the … area. Sophiatown was bulldosed, reconstructed as a White township, and renamed Triomf (“Triumph”), designating the … and their musical collaborations, these people gave the township culture literary and artistic expression. Their work …