Grade 4 term 2 Timeline: Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela

1918 Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela is born at Mvezo in the Transkei 1939 He enrols at the University College of Fort Hare. 1940 He is expelled for participating in a student strike 1942 He completes a BA degree through the University of South Africa (UNISA) 1942 He starts attending African National Congress (ANC) meetings informally 1943 He enrols at the University of the Witwatersrand Law Faculty. This is where he meet students of all races and isexposed to liberal, radical and Africanist thought. He also experiences racism and discrimination. 1944 Mandela officially joins the ANC and together with the group of young ANC intellectuals, forms the ANC Youth League (ANCYL). He marries Evelyn Mase 1948 He is elected National Secretary of the ANCYL 1951 He is elected President of the ANCYL 1952 The defiance Campaign begins Mandela is arrested and charged for violating the Suppression of Communism Act He is convicted under the Suppression of Communism Act and sentenced to nine months imprisonment with hard labour, suspended for two years. He Opens South Africa’s first black law firm with Oliver Tambo 1956 Mandela isarrested and later joined 155 others on trial for treason. All are acquitted by 29 March 196. 1958 He divorces Evelyn Mase, and marries Nomzamo Winnie Madikizela 1960 Sharpeville Massacre A State of Emergency is imposed and Mandela is among thousands detained The ANC is banned 1961 Mandela goes underground 1962 He leaves the country for military training and to garner support for the ANC He returns to South Africa He is arrested near Howick in KwaZulu-Natal He is sentenced to five years in prison for incitement and leaving the country without a passport 1963 He is sent to Robben Island Mandela returns to Pretoria Local Prison He appears in court for the first time in what becomes known as the Rivonia Trial. 1964 Mandela is found guilty of sabotage and sentenced to life imprisonment. 1982 Mandela is moved from an isolated prison in Robben Island to Pollsmoor Prison in the suburbs of Cape Town 1985 Mandela rejects, through his daughter, Zindzi, South African President PW Botha's offer to release him if he renounces violence. He says that the government must first put an end to apartheid 1988 He is admitted to Tygerberg Hospital where he is diagnosed with tuberculosis Mandela is moved to Victor Verster Prison in Paarl where he is held for 14 months in a cottage 1989 Mandela has an informal meeting with President P. W. Botha. This leads to speculation that he will soon be released 1990 The ANC is unbanned Mandela was released after spending 27 years in prison He is elected ANC Deputy President 1992 Mandela and Winnie announce their separation 1993 Mandela is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize with President FW de Klerk 1994 Mandela votes for the first time in his life The ANC wins national elections and Nelson Mandela becomes the first democratically elected president of South Africa 2004 Mandela announces that he will be reducing his public appearances to spend more time with his family and friends 2009 The United Nations General Assembly declared, 18 July ‘Nelson Mandela International Day’ 2013 Nelson Mandela passes away at the age of 95