Article record
History of Makhanda (previously Grahamstown)
- Published
- 18 Oct 2018
- Updated
- 20 Feb 2019
South African History Online. (2018, October 18). History of Makhanda (previously Grahamstown). South African History Online. https://sahistory.org.za/ref/A-0125433
South African History Online (2018) 'History of Makhanda (previously Grahamstown)', South African History Online, 18 October. Available at: https://sahistory.org.za/ref/A-0125433 (Accessed: 1 August 2026).
South African History Online, History of Makhanda (previously Grahamstown) [website], https://sahistory.org.za/ref/A-0125433, (accessed 1 August 2026).
"History of Makhanda (previously Grahamstown)." South African History Online, 18 Oct. 2018, https://sahistory.org.za/ref/A-0125433. Accessed 1 Aug. 2026.
South African History Online. "History of Makhanda (previously Grahamstown)." South African History Online. October 18, 2018. https://sahistory.org.za/ref/A-0125433.
Further reading
Makhanda Nxele
Grahamstown, now known as Makhanda
Chintsa
Msunduzi River
Fort Beaufort/KwaMaqoma- Amatola District, Eastern Cape
Cape St Francis, Western Cape Peninsula
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