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Polokwane the Segregated city
… Azanian Students Organistion (Azaso) adopted the Freedom Charter, cut ties with the Black Consciousness Movement, and …
Armed struggle & the advancement of the student and labour movements, 1967-1976
Introduction MK Sabotage. This photograph was part of a sequence shot by a Rand Daily Mail photographer, two of which were published in the and Daily Mail of…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 1 Contextual Overview
What is Communism? Communism is a social, economic, and political ideology whose aim is to establish a communist society in which there is a collective…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 3 Contextual Overview
Introduction In the previous section, we have learnt about the origins of capitalism, however, we paid cursory attention to the racial character of that…
ArticleuMkhonto weSizwe (MK) in exile
… Spear’ by the ANC, and 1980 was declared the ‘Year of the Charter’ to mark 25 years of the Freedom Charter. Both years were geared towards building morale…
Rustenburg the Segregated city
Rustenburg the Segregated city Towards Union The Afrikaner character of the town persisted after Union in 1910, and there was little to attract other…
Into the Fifties: Defiance by Norman Levy
… all social groups, in consonance with the United Nations’ Charter”.5 For this a national convention was mooted. Events, …
ArticleWomen’s resistance in the 1960s - Sharpeville and its aftermath
As the 1950s gave way to the 1960s the African National Congress (ANC) and Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) both announced plans to tackle the pass laws for…
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1960s
… the purposes and principles of the [United Nations] Charter." The vote on the resolution was 9 in favour and 2 … the importance attached by UK to Article 2 …
The Colonial Photographic Discourse and Censorship – Challenges for Resistance Photographers
For each individual photographer, there was the struggle to overcome the blind spots resulting from an internalised apartheid ideology. To see what had not…
The Triumph of the Radicals, 1939-1946
< Menu page < 3. Formation of the NIA | 5. Convulsions in Natal > CHAPTER IV The Struggle for Power: The Triumph of the Radicals, 1939-1946 4. War…
Documentary Photography and Awakening the International Community, 1976-1994
Documentary Photography is not encouraged because I think it threatens the core of what this country is about. It’s a very powerful medium, it touches on…
ArticleThe influence of apartheid
The Ndebele and the apartheid state When the Nationalist Party was elected to power in 1948 by a minority of the white electorate, their platform promised…
ArticleNelson Mandela Timeline 2000-2014
2000 January, The partnership is formalized by South African National Aids Council (SANAC) to review its two years of work against HIV/AIDS being under the…
ArticleGrey Street Complex timeline 1800-1999
… be there) on the basis of a common programme – the Freedom Charter.” Quoting the Declaration on Imperialism and …
ArticleThe Cattle Killing Movement
1. Introduction ↵The value of history is derived from its obligation to view all factors and clues of the past that lead up to one particular moment, event or…
ArticleThe International Defence and Aid Fund (IDAF)
The International Defence and Aid Fund (IDAF) was established by Canon L John Collins of St Paul’s Cathedral in 1956. Its mission was to work towards a…
ArticleApartheid Legislation 1850's-1970's
1856-1910 Masters and Servants Acts of 1856 These Acts, which had been passed between 1856 and 1904 in the four territories, remained in force after…
ArticleSouth Africa and the Olympic Games
BackgroundWhat is today referred to as the “Ancient Olympic Games”, was a sports festival celebrated in honour of the Greek god Zeus in the town of Olympia. As…
ArticleThe British Anti-Apartheid Movement
The reaction of the outside world to the development of apartheid was widespread, and by the 1980s posed a sustained challenge to the South African regime,…
ArticlePaper abstracts and biographies of speakers
… Revolution (NDR) and Socialist Revolution. The Freedom Charter encapsulated the NDR programme. The socialist …
ArticlePan Africanist Congress timeline 1959-2011
In 1959 the Africanists broke away from the ANC and formed the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). The histories of these two organisations are inextricably linked…
ArticleThe Grey Street Mosque, 1880-1930
The Grey Street Mosque, 1880-1930 Indians began settling in Natal from 1860 when the first indentured workers arrived.1 They were followed from the mid-1870s…
Women’s Resistance Against the Pass Laws
During its long history of struggle, the ANC has always been in the vanguard of the struggle against racism, today known by the name 'apartheid". Some of these…
ArticleNon-European Unity Movement (NEUM)
This article was written by Baruch Hirson A Short history of the Non-European Unity – An insider's view Where is the Non-European Unity Movement? The Non…
Article“Bantu Education or the Street” by Norman Levy
This article was taken from the book The Final Prize by Norman Levy (Chapter 11) “Bantu Education or the Street” The first half of the 1950s was the…
ArticleCaste - meaning, profession, religion
Achari, Achary, Archary - Sometimes the last name of a person. Caste of the craftsman -architects, goldsmiths. Also associated with Brahmin class. www.boards…
ArticleHistory Grade 10 - Topic 6 Contextual Overview
A. The Mineral Revolution ↵ In this section we will briefly discuss the discovery of gold in the Witwatersrand and the Gold Rush. We will also discuss how…
ArticleSita’s story
My Childhood at Phoenix Settlement I was born on 19th of October 1928 on my grandfather’s farm, which was fifteen miles away from the city, and in those days…