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A new class struggle
… a policy of "upliftment" and "improvement," the Indian by 1990 has, generally speaking, been able to raise his …
Origins: Formation, Sharpeville and banning, 1959-1960
… 1981 when John Pokela was released from Robben Island. In 1990, the ban on the ANC and PAC was lifted. The PAC started …
BiographyTim Bruwer
… at the turn of events. My father had died suddenly in 1990 and I did not attendhis funeral. However, once the end …
Executive summary of the statement of the National Executive Committee of the ANC delivered by President Jacob Zuma at the 100th anniversary of the ANC, Mangaung 8 January 2012
… the ANC and other organisations were unbanned in February 1990, freedom had come at a great price. Leaders were … President and Oliver Tambo as National…
January 8th Statements - Statement of the National Executive Committee on the occasion of the 100th Anniversary of the ANC - 8 January 2012
… the ANC and other organisations were unbanned in February 1990, freedom had come at a great price. Leaders were … President and Oliver Tambo as National…
OR Tambo Memorial Lecture delivered by President Jacob Zuma, 25 October 2015, Port Elizabeth
… decades from the 60s, 70s, 80s to our return home in 1990, President Tambo worked tirelessly in the pursuit of … the ANC acquired missions in a total of 27…
ArchiveBiography of Ellen Kuzwayo by Laura Wilson, 3 May 2018
… standards and practices of her own people.” (Kuzwayo 1990, 115). She adopted the truth of her South African … on sharing it with “pride and confidence,” …
Address at the National Summit of Unity and Reconciliation in Rwanda Kigali 19 October 2000
… by a struggle for access to power and resources. In the 1990's, the struggle for freedom has also been re-affirmed … Africa that we needed. By the time…
Address at the National Summit of Unity and Reconciliation Kigali, Rwanda, 18 October 2000
… Africa that we needed. By the time negotiations began in 1990, this broad leadership had come to a common view of the …
Address by ANC President Nelson Mandela to ANC-business summit 30 March 1994
… resolve the complex problems that beset our country. Since 1990, we have often said that South Africa has entered a new … of the Security Police who…
Address by ANC President Nelson Mandela to ANC-Business Summit 30 March 1994
… resolve the complex problems that beset our country. Since 1990, we have often said that South Africa has entered a new … of the Security Police who…
ArchiveThe Man Before Mandela by Steven Gish
… would not have been possible. As Mandela said in a 1991 interview, “[Dr. Xuma] was highly respected by …
ArchiveNothing groundbreaking in Mandela debate by Steven Friedman, 09 December 2015
SOUTH Africa’s mainstream does not debate ideas — it debates people. Which is why the argument about the Mandela legacy is really about where the country is…
Durban 1973, a National Breakthrough, in the Context of a Globally Developing Socialism? But what if the reality was actually an emergent 50-year international capitalist 'counterrevolution' of 1973-2022? by David Cooper
This paper was submitted to the 1973 Durban Strikes Celebrating 50 Years Conference ABSTRACT FOR PROPOSED CONFERENCE 26-27 JANUARY, 2023: ‘CELEBRATING…
PlaceLenasia, Soweto
… in the early 1960's, but officially opened in the 1990's. Many other Mosques emerged, including the Saaberie …
Speech on Receiving the Freedom of Durban, Durban, 16 April 1999
… so much to bring peace. When we visited KwaZulu-Natal in 1990, as the opening of the prison doors and the unbanning of …
PHOTOGRAPHY REVIEW; Apartheid, Reflected in an Inventory of Simple Objects by Sarah Boxer (The New York Times), 24 July 1998
… contained no farmland but 1,500 ''long-drop'' latrines. A 1990 picture of a shiny shelter of new corrugated metal in …
ArchiveA History of Botsotso by Allan Horwitz
… Given that the life of Botsotso extends from the mid-1990’s when the first democratic election took place and that …
EventHistory of December 16
… and redeploying them back in to the country. On 1 August 1990, MK suspended the armed struggle as negotiations for a …
PlaceMali
… is still comparatively low. This has risen gradually since 1990 for both males and females, and there has been a slight …
PlaceCentral African Republic
Diamond prospectors in the Central African Republic have found polished flint and quartz tools that are at least 8,000 years old. About 2,500 years ago local…
Desmond Tutu interviewed by John Carlin
… a new construct to emerge, that of the rainbow nation. In 1991 Archbishop Desmond Tutu said to a congregation: “Look at …
PlaceBurundi
… fear of the other ethnic group acting first, happened in 1991 and 1993 as well, although on a much smaller scale with hundreds dead [lxx] . In 1990 Burundi…
Chapter 10 - The Character, Role and Significance of SANSCO
… in itself. We have to overcome it (quoted in Frederikse, 1990: 128). The organisation understood that although the … its particular "cognitive identity" …
ArchiveThe Anti-Apartheid Movement Abroad by Max Rossiter
… He was meant to spend 12 years in prison, from 1978 to 1990, but managed to escape in 1979. Tim Jenkins, upon … assassinating between 24 and 65 people…
PlaceCape Town City Hall, Darling Street
… in South Africa’s transition to democracy. On February 11, 1990 mere hours after his release from prison, Nelson Mandela …
Chapter 8 - ‘Creative Organisers’ rather than ‘Powerful Speakers’: Education as a Site of Struggle
… The second period encompasses the years mid-1986 to early 1990 which were characterised by states of emergency and … with the government's liberalisation…
ArchiveSishaywa Zimvula Nje, Simanikiniki Nje, Umhlol’Usekhaya – Reading Mafika Gwala in Times of Thunder and the Terror of the Elements by Sanibonani Molweni
Good afternoon Dumelang Hello Absheni! Hola! It is an honour to be with you this afternoon. The task at hand certainly daunts me. Yet, it is…
Sierra Leone’s Pre-colonial and Colonial era military and security forces
… and states. Consider the case of the war in Sierra Leone (1991-2002), often advanced as the sine quo non of 'greed' …
ArticleFootball in South Africa Timeline 1862-2012
… at Soccer City (NASREC), between Johannesburg and Soweto. 1991 January, 41 fans die in a melee during a Pirates ”” …