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ArticleSASO till SASCO
1968 December SASO is formed at the conference held in Marianhill, Natal. The conference was exclusively attended by Black students. 1969 July 1 SASO…
ArticleStudent Politics: SASO till SANSCO
1968 December, SASO is formed at the conference held in Marianhill, Natal. The conference was exclusively attended by Black students. 1969 1 July, SASO…
ArticleThe Western Cape Farm Workers Strike 2012-2013
According to a study, titled Sleeping giant is stirring: Farmworkers in South Africa, the farmworker population in the Western Cape make up the highest number…
Black Peoples Convention - National Leadership
A. NATIONAL LEADERSHP OF THE BLACK PEOPLES CONVENTION First National Executive Committee: Interim Committee Mashwabada Mayatula - President Mthuli …
ArticleIndian South Africans timeline 1920-1929
1920 February, The Asiatic Inquiry Commission, headed by Sir Johannes Lange, is appointed to inquire into laws concerning the right of Asiatics to trade and…
ArticleCuba and the struggle for democracy in South Africa
The revolution in Cuba, culminating in Fidel Castro’s seizure of power on 1 January 1959, was from the beginning based on a non-racial ethos, and revolutionary…
ArticleSouth African major mass killings timeline 1900-2012
Between the 20th and 21st century, a number of people lost their lives in South Africa amid liberation struggle. However, some of these events were carried out…
ArchiveFrom eNcome over Bloedrivier to eNcome and Beyond by Ben Khumalo-Seegelken
FROM eNCOME OVER „BLOEDRIVIER“ TO eNCOME AND BEYOND Ben Khumalo-Seegelken, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany Conference …
ArticlePan Africanist Congress timeline 1959-2011
In 1959 the Africanists broke away from the ANC and formed the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC). The histories of these two organisations are inextricably linked…
ArticleWalter Sisulu Timeline 1912-2003
1912 18 May, Walter Ulyate Max Sisulu is born in Engcobo District in the Transkei, in the same year, the ANC was formed. 1920 Walter returns from his…
ArticleAfrican National Congress Timeline 1980-1989
The 1980s witnessed an increase in attacks launched by the ANC through its armed MK inside South Africa. Conversely, the government responded by stepping up…
The War
The flag of the Boer Republic of the Orange Free State On 9 October 1899 the SAR issued an ultimatum to Britain and two days later, on 11 October the war was…
ArticleThe History of Education: 1658 to present
± 1000 BCE (Pre-colonial) Late Stone Age people (San/Tsam//Xam) teach their children how to hunt and gather food, skin animals, prepare and cook food and…
Article“The Dark and Heavy Shadow”: Gender Based Violence and Anti-Gender-Based-Violence Campaigns in South Africa
What is Gender-Based-Violence and who does it affect? Gender-Based-Violence (GBV) is any violent act or action directed at a person on the basis of their…
ArticleDefiance Campaign timeline 1948-1952
1948 May 26, The National Party (NP) wins election and immediately introduces apartheid (separateness) measures against Blacks, Indian immigrants and those…
ArticleBiography of Mongane Wally Serote by Matthew Williams
Abstract The paper reviews the life of South African poet Mongane Wally Serote during apartheid South Africa in the mid to late 20th century. During this time…
ArticleFirst Anglo Boer War
Causes of the War The First Anglo-Boer is also known as the First Transvaal War of Independence because the conflict arose between the British colonizers…
ArticleBlack Consciousness and student revolt in the Cape
After the government crackdown on political organizations in the early 1960s, new organizations emerged to fill the political vacuum. A movement based on the…
ArticleBlack Consciousness Movement Timeline 1903-2009
1903 William Edward Durghardt Du Bois publishes The Souls of Black Folk rejecting the notion that Black people need western values be to accepted as citizens…
ArticleKasturba Gandhi timeline 1869 - 1944
1869 April, Kasturba Kapadia is born in Porbandar, in present-day Gujarat. 1876 Kasturba Kapadia and Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi are betrothed by their…
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1960s
1960 1 January, Minister of Bantu Education assumes control of University College of Fort Hare.African students are prohibited from attending formerly "open…
ArticlePoqo in the Western Cape and Transkei in the early 1960s
The formation of the Pan Africanist Congress’ (PAC) Africanist Task Force (ATF) preceded the formation of party’s military wing Poqo in February 1960. After…
Article2016 in Review
In 2016 South Africa History Online celebrates 15 years of being a public open source heritage site. What a journey it has been. At the end of the first week…
EventThe first radio licence in SA is issued to Dr J. van Rensburg of Carnarvon
On 16 August 1924 the first radio licence in SA was issued to Dr J. van Rensburg of Carnarvon. The first station in South Africa was put up by the South…
ArticleThe Jacob Zuma Presidency - 2009 to 2017 (March)
Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma ascended to the South African presidency on 9 May 2009 on a wave of popular euphoria fuelled by voters and fellow party politicians…
ArticleJune 16 Soweto Youth Uprising timeline: 1976-1986
1976 According to the government-appointed Cillie Commission of Enquiry 575 people died. Police action resulted in 451 deaths. 3 907 people were injured…
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1930s
9 July, The Executive of the South African Indian Congress (SAIC) meets in Durban and appoints S.R. Naidoo as the SAIC's nominee to the Young Committee. Albert…
ArchiveBlack Xmas
Light green poster with black lettering. Notice of UDF protest meeting. Sunday 16th December at Regina Mundi.
Black Renaissance Convention
Letter containing final instructions to all those attending the Black Renaissance Convention on the 13-16th December 1974, Hammanskraal
ArticleThe Anti-Apartheid Movement Abroad 1906 - 1990
1906 The African National Congress (ANC) sends a delegation to the UK in response to the implementation of new land laws in the Orange Free State, which had…