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Americans for South African Resistance, 25 June 1982
… on apartheid laws such as the pass laws, the Group Areas Act, the Separate Representation of Voters Act, the Suppression of Communism Act, the Bantu…
American Supporters of the Defiance Campaign by George M. Houser
… on apartheid laws such as the pass laws , the Group Areas Act, the Separate Representation of Voters Act, the Suppression of Communism Act, the Bantu…
EventThe SA government grants ‘Independent’ status to Venda
… racial segregation and the promulgation of the Promotion Bantu Self-Government Act,46 of 1959, the South African government granted …
ArticleStates of Emergency in South Africa: the 1960s and 1980s
… control through enforcing pass laws, the implementation of Bantu education, and forced removals under the Group Areas Act. The massacre of unarmed protestors…
ArticleThe Freedom Charter Campaign
… ANC ‘Programme of Economic Advancement’ announced in mid-1953 displayed a new sensitivity to the preoccupations of the … day. At the Cape provincial congress…
ArticleFanakalo: the language of mining culture
… (‘language used by Europeans to servant “boys”’), Basic Bantu, Mine Kafir, Kitchen Kafir, Kitchen Zulu, [and] Isikula … “FANAKALO,” 29. ↵ [31] D.T. Cole, …
ArticleYusuf Dadoo Timeline: 1950 - 1959
… They found a legal loophole in the Riotous Assemblies Act, to attend 'private conferences' in spite of their ban. … into the civil liberties of all South…
BiographyWessel Johannes “Hansie” Cronje
… Wessel Johannes (Hansie) Cronje was brought about by an act or omission prima facie amounting to an offence on the …
ArticleA decade by decade events account of the women’s struggle in South Africa
… stone is erected in her honour in Johannesburg. 1918 The Bantu Women's League of the South African Native National … The abolition of Passes and Co…
ArticleWomen, employment and the changing economic scene, 1920s
… activists such as Charlotte Maxeke , the leader of the Bantu Women's League (BWL), also had close links with the … decline in the late 1930s, and was later…
EventViolence erupts during Defiance Campaign
… to the campaign by enacting the Criminal Law Amendment Act and the Public Safety Act in January 1953, which made future protest virtually impossible. …
ArticleZulu
… and Mpumalanga. Archaeological evidence shows that the Bantu-speaking groups, that were the ancestors of the Nguni, … marked more changes for all Black South…
ArticleSharpeville Timeline
… not being suspended to appease the unfounded protests of Bantu agitators, but because the jails can no longer … 1960 – The government passes the Unlawful…
EventThe first mountain zebra foal is born in at the National Mountain Zebra Park
… Eastern Cape which proved successful. On 20 March 1953 the first foal was born. This success has continued … is being introduced to many of its former…
EventScores of people, including a Chief, are killed in Lari, Kenya, following an attack by Mau Mau freedom fighters
… On 26 March 1953, close to 100 people were killed and scores of others … had enough of the home-guards and it was time for them to act. “We ran out of…
EventThe Ciskei homeland is established
… The Ciskei was established under the Bantu Authorities Act of 1951 as an 'independent republic'. The creation of …
ArticleDefiance Campaign 1952
… such as the Pass laws and amendments to the Immorality Act. In 1951 the Separate Representation of Voters Bill to … Cape. All were charged under the…
ArticleRuth First timeline 1925-2012
… first 600 to be ‘named’ under the Suppression of Communism Act. 1952 15 March, Gillian, First and Slovo’s second daughter, is born. 1953 First is a founder…
44th National Conference: Report of the National Executive Committee, 18 December 1955
… of the Western Cape Province; the enforcement of the Bantu Education System; the packing of the Senate by Nats. in … roll; the implementation of the…
ArticleBlack Consciousness Movement Timeline 1903-2009
… rule and political independence. 1946 18 December, Bantu Stephen Biko born in Kingwilliamstown 1952 October, The … Black Consciousness. The Extension of…
ArchiveBlack Sash / Sash
… removals, indefinite detention without trial, Group Areas Act, the Bantu Education Act and in later years land reform were all brought to the …
Article1910-1924: African nationalism and working-class and popular protests
… despite their constituting over 75% of the population. The Act of Union denied them voting-rights in the Transvaal and … The most important law passed was…
ArticleAfrican nationalism and working-class & popular protests, 1910-1924
… despite their constituting over 75% of the population. The Act of Union denied them voting-rights in the Transvaal and … The most important law passed was…
ArticleThe Congress of the People, Kliptown 1955
… ANC ‘Programme of Economic Advancement’ announced in mid-1953 displayed a new sensitivity to the preoccupations of the … day. At the Cape provincial congress…
ArticleNelson Mandela Timeline 1970-1979
… who were detained under the Suppression of Communism Act, in May 1969, are acquitted. Three are released but … Pretoria Central Prison under Section Six of…
BiographyNontetha Nkwenkwe
… spread. Like Nontetha’s movement, these cults could act as vehicles of protest, fora for mutual aid, or …
BiographyRenfrew Leslie Christie
… after his arrival, he was arrested under the Terrorism Act . He was interrogated and tortured by the Security …
BiographyJoseph Fansio Mati
… were arrested on the same day, all under the new Sabotage Act. They were kept in solitary confinement for two weeks. …
Document 85 - E. R. Roux, “The Native Exploiters: A reply to ‘A. Z.”’, Umsebenzi,20 April 1935
… our Party to my knowledge has ever talked about a "United Bantu Nation," and A. Z.'s polemic on this point is simply … to prove that there are exploiting…
75. 1960: We are at a turning-point in the history of our country
… and he was introduced to certain chiefs and members of Bantu Tribal Authorities in the Transkei including Pondoland, … into South Africa. At the same time…