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… in political violence – more than half by the police. Under the provisions of the SOE, organisations could be … territory. Mozambique went into these negotiations under tremendous pressure. South Africa flagrantly …

… Youth Congress (PAYCO) Poqo (This feature should appear under Topics & Organizations) Azanian People’s Liberation …

… number of Black and Coloured men were allowed to vote under a "color-blind" permission based on property …

… large rivers. Most of these civilizations were organised under a central and organised leadership. These civilizations …

… well as in the fight for South Africa’s freedom cannot be under-estimated. Steve Biko’s life reflected the aspirations …

… times and must be produced on request to a police officer under penalty of a fine or imprisonment.  The Hawker's … Government. 24 April, The Natal Indian Congress (NIC), under the leadership of Gandhi, decides to establish an … Voluntary registration by Asiatics commences as agreed under the Gandhi-Smuts agreement. Gandhi is assaulted by Mir …

… and Boer representatives in January 1852. The Basotho, under Moshoeshoe, the Barolong, other smaller Black groups … all over the country came to the Witwatersrand goldmines under duress. They had to make a living, but the conditions … Free State and Transvaal became the Union of South Africa under Prime Minister Louis Botha. The new dispensation did …

… of the Kairos document which justified armed resistance under the umbrella of Christianity, NIR organised a national …

… step, this task was left to the liquidator, whose task under the Suppression of Communism Act was to ban the former … policy on the country”.8 We boycotted registration under the so-called “Classification Act” during its long … of the legislation that made the social engineering under Verwoerd possible, and preceded the more profoundly …

… The Unlawful Organisations Act No. 34 comes into effect. Under this Act any organisation deemed a threat to the public … opposition leader in Kenya. May, Mandela flew to Britain under a pseudonym where he met Hugh Gaitskell and Jo Grimond, … Albertina Sisulu becomes the first woman to be arrested under the General Laws Amendment Act and is held in solitary …

… failed in its aim. White supremacy was to be entrenched under a unitary state. Market Square in Johannesburg, crowds … Free State - together as the Union of South Africa.  Under the provisions of the Act, the Union remained British … was worried about the status of the indigenous populations under the new constitution.  It was hoped that, at some time …

… malaria in the first weeks of April 1916. The ‘C’ Company under the command of Captain Bagsawe and two platoons of ‘D’ … battalion left to partake in the Rufji River campaign. Under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Morris, the battalion … and a two-gun section of the Kashmir Mountain Battery – under the command of Morris advanced on the German position …

… establishment of the Department of Native Refugees (DNR) under direct British military command. 15 June, The British … in the 'Transvaal Colony'. The Transvaal camps are brought under the control of the newly formed department. 30 June, … recorded. 31 August, The Free State camps are also brought under the control of the Department of Native Refugees 31 …

… in 1973 eight leaders of movement were banned and detained under the Terrorism Act. The following year the nine leaders … at university resigned from his academic position in 1973 under pressure from the university because of his involvement … instances teachers stayed at schools. Students were placed under police surveillance. In Langa students marched to the …

… they were away for extended periods of time, working under contract on the mines. In both town and rural areas the … were an urbanised group living in the Waaihoek Location under the control of the Town Council of Bloemfontein. In … the African Political Organisation (APO) formed in 1902, under Abdurahman , gave encouragement to the efforts of the …

… of hostilities, the Johannesburg and Pretoria areas were under the jurisdiction of the Transvaal Town Police, with the … Riflemen (SAMR). The first group would function normally under the Police Act, as police officers, and in war they … On 1 June 1939 South West Africa (now Namibia) also fell under SAP jurisdiction. In 1978 another serious restructuring …

… meeting in Johannesburg at the Orlando Communal Hall under the banner “Africanist Liberation Congress”. … is subsequently banished to Robben Island where he stayed under 24-hour guard in solitary confinement away from other … was allowed to join his family in Kimberley but remained under twelve-hour house arrest. Poqo activists operating in …

… the implementation of Bantu education, and forced removals under the Group Areas Act. The massacre of unarmed protestors … political violence – more than half killed by the police. Under the provisions of the Emergency, organisations could be … lifted.   However, on 31 March 1994, Natal once more came under a State of Emergency – in an attempt to contain …

… into hunger, debt with no hope of escape. No people under the sun who have not been tamed and weakened by … deeply rural, clinging tenaciously to a way of life now under serious threat. And so they adopted Garveyism, which … go to school again'. The protest movement became organised under the name Amafelandawonye (the Diehards) or Amafela, …

… led by Jacobus Afrikander, and a number of Griqua rebels under Gamka Pienaar. The Korana 'raider' groups were defeated and came under the control of the Cape Government. Those Korana who rejected a future under colonial rule trekked further into the Kalahari. The …

… DFA was an education development programme that functioned under the umbrella of CAPAB Ballet in Cape Town , now known … programmes. In 2005, the DFA Youth Company was formed under the sponsorship of the National Lottery Distribution …

… English speaking, these schools were usually administered under the auspices of an English Church Society where English … Non-White schools were established for Non-Whites, both under the auspices of the Anglican Church. St Philips Schools …

… of our constitutional democracy, continues to function under the final Constitution of 1996. The 1993 constitution, … logo - a representation of the African concept of justice under a tree .   …

… Zimbabwe) individually. Note: Some grade 6 sections are under construction and still link to old content. Also note, …

… 9, Gandhi is arrested in the early hours of the morning under the Defence of India Rules following the "Quit India" …

… Albert Luthuli (Merrett p64) Nov 30- New Age is banned under the Suppression of Communism Act and possession of back … and later became editor of African Communist was put under house arrest until he went into exile in 1962. (Merrett … and literary magazine publishing black writers was banned under the Suppression of Communism Act. (Merrett p65) Aug- …

… camps caused the death of 4 177 women, 22 074 children under sixteen and 1 676 men, mainly those too old to be on … of Gen. J.C. Smuts, is sent to Pietermaritzburg and placed under house arrest by the British military authorities, … and 'Transvaal' Colonies are transferred to civil control under Sir Alfred Milner. 4 March, Emily Hobhouse visits the …

… Congress (ANC). A conservative "National Minded Bloc" under the leadership of R.V Selope Thema breaks away in a … Union of South Africa. December, Nelson Mandela is banned under the Riotous Assemblies Act. 15 December - 17 December, … (later the Coloured People's Congress) is formed under James La Guma and becomes the successor to the African …

… and freedoms. April, South African Races Congress formed under leadership of John Tengo Jabavu. 18 May, SISULU: Walter … his education at Ohlange Institute - a boarding school - under Dr. John Dube , the founding President of the South … deported by General Smuts. Nationalist Party formed under leadership of General Hertzog. Riotous Assemblies and …

… low oxygen levels, and resulting low decomposition rate, under water. …