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Say It out Loud - The Education Bill, 1906
… all probability be very so small consequently the fees to cover one-third of the whole expenditure must necessarily be …
January 8th Statements - Statement of the National Executive Committee on the occasion of the 74th Anniversary of the ANC - 8 January 1986
… working to ensure that these zones multiply in number to cover our country in its entirety. To retain the strategic …
ArchiveUmkhonto we Sizwe - Structure, Training and Force Levels (1984 to 1994) by Tsepe Motumi , African Defence Review No 18, 1994
… to a future national defence force. The processes outlined cover a period marking the end of MK as a guerrilla army …
Testimony by Moosa Muhammed Moolla before the Ad Hoc Working Group of the Commission on Human Rights, Dar es Salaam, 22 June 1967
… police. His body was thrown out of the window and, as a cover-up story, it was stated that the man committed suicide. …
ArticleThe Bambatha Rebellion begins
The first sign of open resistance against payment of the tax came when a magistrate called A.W. Leslie went to collect taxes from the Hlongwa and Cele clans in…
EPILOGUE
Dear Mr De Klerk I acknowledge receipt of your reply dated 2nd July, 1992. It is unfortunate that your reply has not addressed the issues I raised in my…
ArticleSS Mendi
The sinking of the SS Mendi was caused by the reckless action of the captain of the SS Darro. It remains the greatest wartime maritime disaster ever suffered…
ArticleWay of life in ancient Egypt
Social structure in ancient Egypt Ancient Egyptians are the inventors of another feature of civilization still existing today - the complete dictator! Social…
ArticleAfrica Timeline
100 000 BC Humans begin to migrate from Africa to other parts of the world 8500 BC – 6500 BC In the Sahara Desert region, the people develop the use…
ArticleSouth African Coloured Peoples Organisation (SACPO)
Like all other Black ethnic groups, the Coloureds also fell victim to segregation and repressive legislations enacted by Colonial and successive governments…
Polokwane the Segregated city
Contents The Segregated City, 1910-1948 The Apartheid City A decade of Turbulence, 1976-86 Ructions within Afrikaner Politics Forced removals in the…
Speech by President Nelson Mandela at a banquet in honour of President Nujoma of Namibia Cape Town, 13 May 1996.
On a winter's day in 1976 more than 20 000 pupils from the African township complex of Soweto began a protest march against a Bantu Education Department…
ArticleThe International Criminal Court: Origins, Jurisdiction and the ‘African Bias’
ICC Origins In the aftermath of the Second World War (1939-1945) the international community recognised the need to deal with mass atrocities – particularly…
ArticleSonghai, African Empire, 15-16th Century
Overview, West Africa and the rise of the Songhai Empire West Africa is home to many of Africa's oldest kingdoms. These kingdoms played an important role in…
ArticleDecember 16 and the Construction of Afrikaner Nationalism
The date, December 16, holds a special significance in South African history. On this day in 1838, the Voortrekkers fought a battle for survival against…
Speech to the ANC Rally at Soccer City by O. R. Tambo, Johannesburg, 16 December 1990
Mr. Chairman, Members of the National Executive Committee of the ANC, Comrades and friends, Compatriots, I came on Thursday, having spent a whole week…
The search for Peter Johnson’s story
In 1975, Peter Johnson, joined the ranks of the uMkhonto we Sizwe and disappeared into exile. Nearly a decade later, on the 26 October 1984, Johnson, now known…
ArticlePlacing the film “Inxeba – The Wound” in Historical Review
Story Synopsis Inxeba is essentially an intersectional story about three Xhosa men that is told in the setting of the mountains of the Eastern Cape during a…
ArticleIndustrial and Commercial Union Timeline 1919-1989
1919 The Industrial and Commercial Union (ICU) is formed in Cape Town after World War I, with a membership of 24. The Industrial and Commercial Union (ICU)…
Increasing repression and the turn to the armed struggle
A series of legislations were passed by the NP led government in the 1950s as it sought to deal with dissent and entrench apartheid. Leading political…
The genesis of the armed struggle, 1960-1966
Introduction Sharpeville shortly after the shootings © Museum Africa. The 1960s marked an important watershed in South Africa's struggle against apartheid…
South Africa in the 1900s (1900-1917)
Introduction More than two and a half centuries prior to the birth of Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, Jan Van Riebeeck and his expedition of Dutch Calvinist…
ArticleSummary: The Kingdom of Mali and the City of Timbuktu in the 14th Century
The Mali Empire (c. 1235-1600 CE)At its height, the Mali Empire stretched across more than 1.29 million square kilometres of West Africa, encompassing the…
ArticleThe Landless People’s Movement
In July 2001, The Landless People's Movement (LPM) was formed by leaders of various landless people of South Africa in response to evictions of farm workers…
ArticleBecoming human in southern Africa
Human settlement in South Africa Modern humans have been inhabiting South Africa for more than 100 000 years. As a matter of fact, the Cradle of Humankind, or…
ArticleCapitalism in the USA 1900 to 1940
How did the Great Depression in the USA bring about a crisis of capitalism? Background and focus It is important to understand that the focus of THIS section…
Article”People’s Power!”, 1986
In January 1986, the UDF met the African National Congress (ANC) for talks in Stockholm. It was at these talks that the position and future role of the UDF…
ArticleDefinition of Natural and Cultural heritage sites
There are two types of World Heritage Sites. The first represents cultural and the second natural heritage. Cultural sites Cultural heritage sites have…
The Children’s Charter
Children’s rights and responsibilities In any society, it is very important that children are protected and cared for. Children are vulnerable members of…
ArticleNelspruit an Overview
Until the coming of democracy, Nelspruit was a small town that functioned mainly as a hub of transport for agricultural products that were transported to…