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… ex-British colony of Rhodesia was declared independent and renamed Zimbabwe. The lowering of the Union Jack and the raising of the new Zimbabwean flag was a symbolic … spoke of the need for reconciliation between Blacks and Whites and agreed to be part of the Commonwealth …

… of Resolution 435, clashes between Swapo guerillas and South African security forces broke out in northern … . According to official figures, 279 Swapo combatants and 23 security force members were killed . On April 10 1989, South Africa, Angola and Cuba signed the Mount Etjo Declaration to re-establish …

… the experiences of various members of the Unity Movement and those directly involved with the liberation struggle, and illustrates the animosity of the South African Press towards the the Unity Movement and its affiliates. In the article there are further claims …

… African National Congress publications alongside Sechaba and Dawn (Umkhonto we Sizwe). Circulation was limited and hampered by conditions of illegality. Publication began … late in 1966 with the aim of stimulating political debate and discussion to promote the voice of the banned Congress to …

… South African photographer, trade unionist and political activist, Omar Badsha, was born in Durban on 27 … of all the major anti-apartheid campaigns in Natal and the Western Cape for close to 38 years, during which time he was detained and harassed by state agents. Badsha founded the NGO, South …

… Black, red and white poster. Artwork of a hammer and sickel and bullets. …

… lead to fragmentation of policy on economy, labour market and other key strategic areas like education, health, … not lead to the reintroduction of the draconian hangings and re denial of women rights to decide on whether to have … government to redress the imbalances caused by apartheid and colonialism. 1.3 Education clause The Executive Committee …

… White poster with red and black lettering and artwork. P.C.I. flag and logo. …

… The Bestbier family first bought this farm in 1928 and today it’s still run by the family with Pieter Bestbier … require no irrigation due to sufficient annual rainfall and the soils are best suited to red wine cultivation. Goede Hoop has been producing Shiraz since 1975 and this wine is a blend between young and old wines matured …

… P. W. Botha suffers a mild stroke and, on this day he announces his intention to resign the … State President. His resignation shocks his colleagues and leads to an internal succession process in the party that … . P.W. Botha presided over South Africa when violence and state suppression of resistance movements was at its …

… was held between the African National Congress (ANC) and the NDM during which common ground on the protection of language, culture and religion and the protection of individual rights in a multi-party …  [Accessed: 10 October 2013]| Department of Justice and Constitutional Development, Political Party submissions …

… George Matanzima, brother of Kaiser Matanzima and leader of the Transkei Bantustan, was toppled by his military and forced to flee from the Transkei after a bloodless coup … Bantu Holomisa. The army denied taking part in any coup and announced that ministers who resigned were not forced to …

… in Cape Town, leading a delegation of government officials and business people on a two day official visit. This was the … in a special ceremony. The two rulers held bilateral talks and attended a joint press conference later in the day. Strategies to strengthen economic and political ties between the countries topped the agenda. …

… elephants from Botswana being trained for sale to zoos and circuses. TV pictures showed the animals being savagely whipped on their trunks and hindquarters until they bled. Two of the trainers were subsequently arrested on cruelty charges, and a warrant of arrest was issued for the arrest of the …

… including former cabinet ministers, defence force chiefs and Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) Chairman Archbishop … References: SAPA, EX-DEFENCE FORCE CHIEFS, EX-MINISTERS AND TUTU AT BOTHA FUNERAL, from Department of Justice and …

… the position of deputy minister of Arts, Culture, Science and Technology. The decision to expel Winnie Mandela was … parties as well as the African National Congress (ANC) and its aligned structures, the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) and ANC Youth League. Though Nelson Mandela did not give …

… The African National Congress (ANC) member and current chief of Ekurhuleni Metro Police, Robert McBride, … planted a bomb at Magoo's Bar in Durban. He was arrested and convicted for the Magoo Bar incident, but was eventually reprieved from the death row and granted amnesty by the Truth and Reconciliation …

… Zimbabwean Methodist minister and theologian, Dr Canaan Sodindo Banana was selected as the … executive presidency. In 1998, after a highly publicized and controversial trial, Banana was convicted of homosexual assault and other “unnatural acts” and was sentenced to 10 years in …

… Kruger. The house is said to have been built with milk and cement instead of the usual water and cement mixture because the cement available at the time … monument on 6 April 1936. It is now a house museum and has preserved most of the original furniture, gifts that …

… Two months after Dutch man Jan Van Riebeek and the Dutch East India Company arrived in the Cape, the … baby was born. The baby was named Bernert Willemsz Wijlant and he would be the first of many European babies to be born in the Cape. Baby Wijlant and his parents were officially the first family to move into …

… on the 30 November. Leaving Durban at 1.45 a.m. and returning at 10 p.m. will then do a short walk between Charlestown and Volksrust where there will be a mass Rally. The trip is free and some refreshments will be provided en route and at the …

… Claremont Histories will be hosting an information and small photographic exhibition stand in conjunction with … who lived in Harfield & Claremont before forced removals, and share their memories and stories from a lost community. Celebrate history with …

… This march leads to more peaceful marches in Johannesburg and Durban with Anglican bishops at the helm. The marches … apartheid system, including the freeing of Nelson Mandela and other imprisoned activists. Tutu became the chairman of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission after he retired as archbishop …

… He went to study at St. John’s College in Johannesburg and became the first professionally trained archaeologist to … in 1923. He went on to teach the first archaeology course and head the department at the University of Cape Town. … He founded the South African Archaeological Society and wrote books like The stone age cultures of South Africa …

… He went to study at St. John’s College in Johannesburg and became the first professionally trained archaeologist to … in 1923. He went on to teach the first archaeology course and head the department at the University of Cape Town. … He founded the South African Archaeological Society and wrote books like The stone age cultures of South Africa …

… South African journalist, newspaper proprietor and former editor of the Pretoria News, James Andrew Gray was … Scotland. He served on the staff of the Evening Despatch and was wounded three times in the First World War before … parliamentary staff of The Times. He moved to South Africa and became editor of the Pretoria News from 1924 until 1932, …

… the economic conditions in South Africa at the time and specifically makes mention of the industrial development in particular the mining, timber and textile industries; the advances in education; the development in the housing schemes; and the improvements made in social services for Natives such …

… 34 year old Woolf Joel, Barney Barnato's nephew, was shot and killed by Baron Von Veltheim because he refused to assist … Veltheim had visited Joel at the Brothers Barnato offices, and had suggested a plan to kill President Kruger. When Joel rejected his proposal, he was shot and killed. Von Veltheim was later arrested and jailed for …

… winner of the Bloemfonteiner of the Year Award in 1993 and Premier of the Free State since 17 June 1999, was born in … other things, a member of the Council of Vista University and Chancellor of the Free State University. Direko also … role in the Girl Guides Association of South Africa and was a council member of NICRO and the Child Welfare …

… Organisation, the Congress of South African Students and the National Union of South African Students. Presented … of South African Students to the campaign, the nature and structure of the campaign and broader issues which might be linked to the campaign. …