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ArticleA Land Dispossession History 1600s-1990s
Anyone who travels over the vast expanse of South Africa is immediately struck by the great variations in its landscape and the differing contexts and…
Documents, speeches, Awards, and articles relating to Desmond Tutu
Awards Archbishop Desmond Tutu is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize Archbishop Mpilo Desmond Tutu, world renowned preacher and strident voice against apartheid,…
ArticleUniversity of Witwatersrand Student Protests 2015 Timeline
The student movement Rhodes Must Fall (#RhodesMustFall, #RMF) garnered much media attention in March of 2015, after Chumani Maxwele of the movement defiled a…
ArticleXhosa
The four major ethnic divisions among Black South Africans are the Nguni, Sotho, Shangaan-Tsonga and Venda. The Nguni represent nearly two thirds of South…
ArticleDebating Stellenbosch University’s Language Policy
In March 2015 students at the University of Cape Town (UCT), Western Cape, launched a student movement, namely #Rhodes Must Fall which focused on the…
ArticleNelson Mandela Timeline 2000-2014
2000 January, The partnership is formalized by South African National Aids Council (SANAC) to review its two years of work against HIV/AIDS being under the…
ArticleuMkhonto weSizwe (MK) Timeline 1961-1990
uMkhonto weSizwe (Spear of the Nation or MK), the armed wing of the African National Congress (ANC), was jointly formed by leading members of the banned ANC…
ArticleIndian South Africans Timeline 1910-1919
1910 Public Servants Superannuating Act and Teachers Pensions Act. Discrimination against Indians – Indians were excluded from receiving pensions according…
ArchiveSouth Africa’s Radical Tradition, a documentary history, Volume Two 1943 - 1964, by Allison Drew
Introduction Introduction Part 1 - Building The National Movement Document 1 - Harry Snitcher , Unite Against Segregation! Condemn the C.A.C. [1943] …
Grade 12 - Topic 2 - Independent Africa
In 1884, at the Berlin Conference, the European powers carved up Africa amongst themselves. By 1914 all of Africa, except Liberia and Ethiopia, was under…
ArticleMahatma Karamchand Gandhi Timeline 1900-1909
1900 - 1909 1900 January 7, Ambulance corps is reformed and stationed at Estcourt. January 21, Corps in action at Spionkop. Bearer's carry wounded through…
Indian South Africans timeline 1970-1979
Indian South Africans Timeline: 1970-1979 1970 HA Naidoo passes away while still in exile. 17 February, African Peoples Democratic Union of Southern Africa …
ArticleList of people banned under Apartheid
People banned under ApartheidNameAct/Section/Issued up to: (delivery date)Date on which notice expires:Other: (address, occupation etc.)Aba, LickardAct No. 44…
ArticleTransition to Armed Struggle by Norman Levy
Transition to Armed Struggle The brief respite from the Treason Trial which ended on 29 March 1961 and the Rivonia arrests in July 1963 was a period of…
Extracts from the book ‘A long walk to Freedom’. Nelson Mandela’s autobiography
As adopted by the National Executive Committee of the African National Congress - 25 November 1992. The strategic perspective of the ANC is the transfer of…
PlaceBonteheuwel
Bonteheuwel is a coloured Township situated North of Cape Town. It was created in the 1960's as a "Dumping Site" for coloured people, who had been forced to…
ArchiveThe Final Prize by Norman Levy
“Everyone has a story”, Sephiwe, the librarian at the Robben Island Mayibuye Archive, said to me as he handed me the newspaper file I needed. He was looking at…
Re-Emergence of Congress Activity 1980s
By 1980, the Black Consciousness organisations were in a gradual decline and struggling to avert state repression. Congress-inspired traditions were also re…
EventJazz Musician, Basil 'Manenberg' Coetzee, dies
Basil 'Manenberg' Coetzee (54), South African jazz musician who played with Abdullah Ibrahim (also known as Dollar Brand) died during the night of 11 March…
EventMandela visits Zambia
Nelson Mandela started a seventeen-day foreign visit on 27 February, his first since 1962. Subsequent to his release from prison on 11 February 1990, after 27…
Article2016 in Review
In 2016 South Africa History Online celebrates 15 years of being a public open source heritage site. What a journey it has been. At the end of the first week…
Document 92 “Communist Party of South Africa Plenum Held from 5th to 8th April 1936”, Umsebenzi, and 16 May 1936
From: South Africa's Radical Tradition, a documentary history, Volume One 1907 - 1950, by Allison Drew Document 92 "Communist Party of South Africa Plenum…
Johannesburg Timeline 1800-1991
1806 Sir John Barrow indicates on a map that gold is to be found in the approximate vicinity of either the Witwatersrand or the Magaliesberge. 1852 Gold…
ArticleGandhi and the Passive Resistance Campaign 1907-1914
The passive resistance campaigns led by MK Gandhi in South Africa had huge consequences not only for the history of the country but also for world history in…
EventMandela smuggled out the country and appears in Addis Ababa
Early in 1962, Nelson Mandela was smuggled across the borders of South Africa. He was granted an Ethiopian passport by Haile Selassie, and classified as a…
EventNeil Aggett is buried in Johannesburg
Neil Aggett, former organiser of the Food and Canning Workers Union and African Food and Canning Workers Union, was buried in Johannesburg. It was estimated…
BiographyOliver Tambo
Early years Oliver Reginald Kaizana Tambo (more popularly known as Oliver Tambo or OR) was born in the village of Kantilla, Bizana, in the Mpondoland …
ArticleThabo Mbeki (1942 - ) Timeline
Historical Context to Thabo Mvuyelwa Mbeki 1932 Epainette Moerane (Ma Mofokeng Clan Name) Meets Govan Mbeki at Taylor Street Secondary School. 1935 …
ArticleRobert Mangaliso Sobukwe Timeline 1924 - 1978
1924 5 December, Robert Mangaliso Sobukhwe is born in Graaff-Reinet a town in the Cape Province. 1940 Sobukwe enrols at Healdtown Institute where he…
ArticleAfrican National Congress Timeline 2000 -2010
During this period the ANC consolidated its hold on power but also faced both internal and external challenges. Significantly, the National Party, which was…