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ArticleA Culture of Survival
It was a struggle to survive in the city. Workers' wages did not keep pace with the cost of subsistence, and most black families lived below the bread line. …
ArticleBlack Community Programmes (BCP)
In the late 1960s and early 1970s, after the banning of the ANC and PAC, the Black Consciousness Movement (BCM) resuscitated the anti-apartheid struggle in…
The genesis of the armed struggle, 1960-1966
Introduction Sharpeville shortly after the shootings © Museum Africa. The 1960s marked an important watershed in South Africa's struggle against apartheid…
PlaceNewlands Cricket Stadium
Newlands hosted its first test match in March 1889, only five years after test cricket was first played at Lords. Not even a Country at the time, South Africa…
ArticleDevelopments leading to the New Dispensation
By the late 1970s, and especially as a result of the June 1976 uprising, the Apartheid government was forced to consider reforms to Apartheid policy, pressured…
Article1973 Durban Strikes – TUCSA – Harriet Bolton
Following the 1973, Durban strikes, TUCSA seemed unwilling to hold to book employers. TUCSA had long paid lip service to the ideal of African unions registered…
Chapter 3 - SASO: The Ideology and Politics of Black Consciousness
For white South Africans the late 1960s was a time of political calm, rising living standards, prosperity and sharing in the sustained economic boom of that…
ArticleMandela and the South African Communist Party
Mandela and MK The late 1950s saw the first hints of an armed struggle occurring in certain parts of South Africa. Various types of armed resistance spread…
PlaceGallery 101
In 1961, the Swiss Fernand Francis Haenggi (b. 1934, Dijon, France) and his mother Mrs F.M.L. Haenggi founded Gallery 101 to showcase modern South African art…
Book 4: Industrialisation, Rural Change and Nationalism - Bibliography
From the book: Book 4: Industrialisation, Rural Change and Nationalism commissioned by The Department of Education Bonner, Philip. African Urbanisation on…
ArticleYusuf Dadoo Timeline
The Yusuf Dadoo timeline includes the history of one the leading members of the South African communist movement. Starting at the beginning of the South…
BiographyJacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma
Early LifeJacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma (Msholozi – his praise name) was born on 12 April 1942 at Nkandla in northern Natal (now kwaZulu-Natal). He is the first…
ArticleAfrican National Congress Timeline 1920-1929
The ANC in the 1920s was largely weakened and suffered from both organisation incapacity and financial constraints. During this period, the party attempted to…
ArchiveJohnny Clegg: South Africa’s universal man of uncommon passion by David Coplan, 25 July 2019
Universal Man: Jonathan Clegg “Sikeyi” (1953-2019). “Sikeyi” is a Zulu dance praise name: “The peg through a yoke that secures oxen in position, from Afrikaans…
ArticleCustomary Law in South Africa: Historical Development as a Legal System and its Relation to Women’s Rights by Devon Wall
This article was written by Devon Wall and forms part of the SAHO and Southern Methodist University partnership project Customary Law in South Africa: …
PlacePella
In the mid-1880s a huge Cathedral was built in the Bushmanland desert oasis of Pella by French Missionaries who at first had absolutely no idea what they were…
ArticlePopular struggles in the early years of Apartheid, 1948-1960
Historians recognise the significance of popular struggles over the past 100 years. But debates among historians about their relationship to formal political…
Chapter 10 - The Character, Role and Significance of SANSCO
It is now possible to interpret the character, role and significance of SANSCO. For this purpose, I draw on the previous chapters which discussed SANSCO's…
ArticleA Spiral of Trials by Norman Levy
This article was taken from the book The Final Prize by Norman Levy (Chapter 6) A Spiral of Trials In the arrests, indictments and trials that occurred from…
ArticleGrade 10 - Topic 6: The South African War and Union
This topic investigates the ways in which the politics and culture of the Boer Republics clashed with the modernising thrust of the Uitlanders on the rapidly…
PlaceVolksrust, Mpumalanga
This Town is near the Land where the 'Battle of Majuba' was fought, where the Transvaal won independence from the British. It was decided suitable for a new…
ArchiveAt the Pompidou by Jeremy Harding, 26 April 2018
‘The South African labour market,’ Charles van Onselen writes in New Nineveh, ‘has always been dominated by … mining, agriculture and domestic service.’ Van…
“Exodus without a map”: What happened to the Durban moment? by Edward Webster
This paper was submitted to the 1973 Durban Strikes Celebrating 50 Years Conference Preamble Although I had known Vishnu for nearly…
ArticleAftermath of the Bhambatha Rebellion 1906
The Bambatha Rebellion claimed the lives of 4000 Zulu and 30 white people and cost the colonial government £740,000. Some of the Zulu died fighting on the side…
ArticleSASO Bannings
SASO came under increasing attack from the Government. In March 1973, eight Black Consciousness leaders were banned. In 1977, nine SASO members were sentenced…
ArticleDespite the 1994 political victory against apartheid, its economic legacy persists by Haydn Cornish-Jenkins
Abstract In 1994, South Africans were liberated from a system of apartheid which had controlled their lives for nearly fifty years. Twenty-one years later,…
Freedom In Our Life Time - Introduction
… 47-54. Dhlomo had been a student at Adams in the early 1910s. See also Edgar Brookes, A South African Pilgrimage …
ArticleGangsterism in Sophiatown
Gangsterism is often characterized as anti-social behaviour frowned upon by polite sections of society. There is no doubt that the behaviour of gangsters like…
ArticleHow did the Nazis construct an Aryan identity?
Adolf Hitler, the leader of the Nazi Party, argued that the Germans was superior to all other races. Hitler became obsessed with 'racial purity' and used the…
ArticleTransvaal Indian Youth Congress (TIYC)
The Transvaal Indian Youth Congress (TIYC) was formed in Transvaal (now Gauteng) as the youth wing of the Transvaal Indian Congress (TIC) in 1945. Its…