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BiographyGilbert Hani
… order was withdrawn on 21 September 1967. In the early 1990s, prior to his death, Hani lived in a small homestead in …
BiographyProfessor Carel Boshoff
… the Convention for Democratic South Africa (CODESA) in the 1990s. They were isolated for wanting a White homeland within …
BiographyManasseh Tebatso Moerane
Manasseh Tebatso Moerane was born in 1913 to an educated Sotho parents in the Transkei, he attended Adams College and obtained bachelor's degrees from Fort…
Disbanding, 1990-1991
With the ANC now legal, mass demands were made for a constitutional assembly to create a new non-racial, democratic, and unitary South Africa. The UDF had…
BiographyHerbert Isaac Ernest Dhlomo
Herbert Isaac Ernest Dhlomo was born in Edendale, Natal on February 26th, 1903. He was the second son to Ezra and Sardinia Dhlomo. Ezra came from a line of…
BiographyEdwin Thabo Mofutsanyana
Edwin Thabo Mofutsanyana was born in the Witzieshoek area of the Orange Free State in 1899. He worked at various times as a teacher, a miner, and a full-time…
ArticleGrade 12 - The impact of the Cold War in forming the world as it was in the 1960s
… allies. From the end of World War II until the early 1990s, world politics was dominated by the rivalry between …
ArticleSouth Africa in the 1970s
During the early 1960s, civil society was disempowered and social movements were repressed. Although the capacity for social movements to impose change…
Article1970s: Black Consciousness Movement in South Africa
Teachers and learners should note that there are many links on this site which deal with the depth and breadth of the Black Consciousness Movement in South…
BiographyChief Mshiywa Henry Tshabalala
Born 1930. Clerk. Lived in Alexander. Was a popular amateur boxer and lost the use of his right eye in the ring. Active in Congress since the Defiance Campaign…
BiographyJohn David Rheinallt Jones
John David Rheinallt Jones was born in 1884 in Carnarvonshire, Wales, the son of a minister, and immigrated to South Africa in 1905, imbued with his family's…
BiographyRichard Steele
… activities; the movement lasted up until the early 1990s. Today Steele practises as a homeopath, integrating …
The people armed, 1984-1990
Introduction 1985, Desmond Tutu, armed only with the bible under his arm, confronts the SA forces during their attempts to break up a demonstration…
ArticleGarveyism: Early 1900s philosophy
Marcus Garvey, preaching the unity of all blacks, claimed that liberty would come about only through the return of all Afro-Americans to their ancestral homes…
1980s: Women organise
BiographyMzwakhe Mbuli
… such as when he formed the band the Equals in the early 1990s. Mbuli’s voice and lyrics are accompanied by a fusion … in South Africa in his lyrics from the…
Re-Emergence of Congress Activity 1980s
By 1980, the Black Consciousness organisations were in a gradual decline and struggling to avert state repression. Congress-inspired traditions were also re…
BiographyMyron Peter
Myron Peter was born in 1954 in Durban, Natal (now KwaZulu-Natal - KZN). He studied at the University of Durban-Westville (UDW) [now University of KwaZulu…
ArticleApartheid crumbles, Women in the turmoil of the 1980s
The 1980s saw escalating state repression and mass detentions. In a frenzy of desperate reaction, the government declared a series of back-to-back states of…
The armed struggle and state repression of the 1960s
A turning point in the struggle against apartheid came about in the 1960s. This change was the result of combined elements, including the formation of the PAC,…
BiographyArthur William Blaxall
Arthur William Blaxall was born in 1891 in Britain. He was a clergyman who was convicted of aiding the African National Congress (ANC) and the Pan Africanist…
ArticleWomen’s resistance in the 1960s - Sharpeville and its aftermath
As the 1950s gave way to the 1960s the African National Congress (ANC) and Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) both announced plans to tackle the pass laws for…
BiographyFrancis Wilson
… and training programme, Data First Resource Unit. In the 1990s Prof Wilson was Chairperson of the Council at the …
BiographyPercy Ndithembile Konqobe
Percy Ndithembile Konqobe was born in 1939 in Nigel, Transvaal (now known as Gauteng Province). He completed school through standard six (now Grade Eight)…
ArticleuMkhonto weSizwe (MK) Timeline 1961-1990
… moved towards a negotiated transition to democracy in the 1990s, MK suspended the armed struggle. After the 1994 …
BiographyGladstone Xala Tshume
Gladstone Xala Tshume was born on 1912, he joined the Communist Party of South Africa (CPSA) in the late 1930s while working for a coal dealer in Grahamstown…
BiographyZindziswa “Zindzi” Nobutho Mandela
… first ANC branch with struggle leader Walter Sisulu in the 1990s, and served in the MK Veterans' Association in the …
BiographyBasil Coetzee
Basil Coetzee ( ‘Ou B’ or 'Manenberg' as he was affectionately known) was born in District Six, Cape Town, on 2 February 1944. He grew up in the area, and as a…
Yunus Ismail Mahomed
… in business and economic transformation since the mid 1990s.Kagiso Trust, which Mohamed helped establish in 1985 to …
BiographyChief Hendrik ‘Hennie’ van Wyk
… to be politically active through the late 1980s and early 1990s. In addition to his roles with the DPSC, Cosatu, and …