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… and his Security Police 'hit squad' was investigated by a Commission of Inquiry ordered by President F.W. de Klerk. The Commission led by Judge Louis Harms heard testimonies from Coetzee and …

… make a contribution to the ANC electoral funds as alleged by Bantu Holomisa, but stated that he has told no-one else in … confirmation vindicated Holomisa who was branded a liar by most of the senior officials within the ANC. Holomisa … guilty of misconduct and bringing the party into disrepute by this and other allegations. Click here to read President …

… In 1844 Natal, annexed by Britain on 12 May 1843, became a district of the Cape … province, with the north-eastern boundaries being formed by the Tugela and Buffalo Rivers beyond which lay the … of Zululand. The present province was also enlarged by the addition of Griqualand East to the south.  …

… (NP) supported a set of constitutional ‘reforms’ outlined by Prime Minister P.W. Botha, and explained to the Congress by the Minister of Constitutional Affairs, Chris Heunis. If … rule, based on the Westminster model, would be replaced by a Presidential system. These ‘reforms’ made provision for …

… until 20 September. This was after the Court was told by the Head of Interrogation at John Vorster Square, Major … Cronwright that the Security Police withheld statements by Dr. Aggett. The police claimed to have done so because the … hour period. On 21 December, 1982 the inquest, headed by Johannesburg magistrate, Pieter Kotze found that no one …

… Moïse Kapenda Tshombe, finally released from prison by Mobutu Sese Seko refused to end the Katanga secession. On … minerals of copper, gold, and uranium would be exploited by the newly-formed Congolese government.  The secession was supported by most White settlers in the province who would benefit the …

… Izwi lase Township was published by Ditshwantsho tsa Rona. It offered notes and views about … the public was invited to participate in the paper by carrying out research and by contributing discussion. Ultimately, the ghetto status of …

… a key part of those detentions. This was supported both by the submissions handed to the Commission by Kairos and by literature on the Pondoland Revolt. …

… state of affairs in our country. During the period covered by this Report, your Executive was faced with a most … their machinery for oppression. This was clearly indicated by the last session of Parliament which dealt, inter alia, … Act. This Act was bitterly opposed at all its stages by the African National Congress, supported by all democratic …

… prison on Hospital Hill . It was a novel design produced by a military engineer, Mr G H Winsen, and built by local contractors. It was intended to hold in check any … The Pretoria forts, however, were designed and built by the same contractors who had supplied the artillery …

… during which various political reforms were instituted by the apartheid state and there was an intensification of political resistance by the dominated classes. The second period covers the years … 1990 when a country-wide State of Emergency was imposed by the apartheid government in an attempt to smother …

… into Poverty and Development in South Africa, authored by Francis Wilson and Mamphela Ramphele, was released. The … a level of poverty even more acute than that suffered by the Afrikaners. Commissioned in 1982, and published in … inquiry and cooperation. The level of poverty revealed by the report was devastating and extensive. In Ciskei, a …

… summers and cool, wet winters. Temperatures are modified by its close proximity to the South Atlantic Ocean, just over … Caledon is famous for its hot springs, discovered by the early Khoi-Khoi people before the Europeans attributed … a Sick House and later a Sanatorium, which was destroyed by fire. The seven springs, one of which is cold and the …

… youngest of the nine National Botanical Gardens managed by the South African National Biodiversity Institute. The … Councils made the establishment of the Garden possible by providing land on a 99 Year lease and portions of it by; donation to the Institute. The Garden was initially known …

… is located off the coast Cape Town and was named as such by Dutch explorers who encountered many seals on the island. It was however, discovered in 1488 by the Portuguese explorer, Batholomeu Dias. When the Dutch … known for the political prisoners that were kept there, by the Dutch and British colonists, but more especially by …

… as well as the tactical superior strategies employed by Rommel. Before the fall of Tobruk, Klopper had allowed the … would not have much stomach for a protracted siege.  By 20 June 1942 the Allied forces entrenched in the coastal … (see picture) of the Allied positions. This was done by committing two armoured brigades, supported by infantry, …

… It is indeed an indication of the deep scars inflicted by our painful past that thirteen years after the attainment … of thousands of local residents was brutally ended by police bullets and teargas, leaving 13 people dead and … four suspected ANC guerrillas were abducted in July 1987 by the then Northern Transvaal Security Branch. The Security …

… Tradition, a documentary history, Volume Two 1943 - 1964, by Allison Drew Document 45 - Ray Alexander, "Trade Unionism … 1 6,1952 [....] The first Trade Unions were organised by British immigrants who came to South African the 1880's, … strike, which recommended recognition of the Miners' Union by both the Government and & Chamber of Miners, and rules …

… the anti-communist crusaders have been made possible only by the tacit support, cowardice and confusion of large … Kahn, who had been elected with an overwhelming majority by the Africans of the Western Cape, behaved with such … of communism was made a criminal offence, punishable by ten years' imprisonment with hard labour. The definition …

… were called school building funds. The subsidy received by Black schools was still lower than that given to White … that would undermine the struggle against apartheid by creating disunity. This strategy was created by ensuring limited opportunities for Black people in the …

… of the talks.  Towards the end of 1974, Vorster, backed by President Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia, had started to … This was the third in a series of three talks, initiated by Kissinger, in an attempt to create a region of political … there were no positive results, except an announcement by Smith on 24 September that his government had accepted …

… Solomon Kalushi (Khala)  Mahlangu was executed by the Apartheid regime for being part of an abortive attempt by African National Congress (ANC) members to smuggle weapons … On the 13 June 1977, Mahlangu and others were accosted by police in Johannesburg, and in the ensuing gun battle, …

… Building was used for 70 years for harbor administration by the South African Railways and Harbours, in Port … announced the name change. The foundation stone was laid by Mr. J. Searle, Managing Commissioner of the Port Elizabeth … a National Monument in 1968, and was restored in 1998; by Portnet and the Architect, John Rushmere . The old Harbour …

… cottage, consisting of three rooms, was erected in 1850 by the then owner Mr. Trautman as a second dwelling house. It was later occupied by his son Fred Trautman who,. after the birth of his son in 1878, enlarged it by the addition of two extra rooms at the rear of the …

… building of dung floors and a thatched roof was erected by Major Warden in 1849 as a school. It was the first school … River. It served as a church until 1852, and was then used by the Legislative Council of the Orange River Sovereignty, and from 1854 by the Republic of the Orange Free State as an Assembly Hall …

… years the struggle has been waged inside South Africa, by the people of South Africa. It has waxed and waned. There … played an important role in the struggle against apartheid by condemning the apartheid government in various … to 4 December 1987, and concluded with a declaration by the ANC, condemning apartheid as a crime against humanity. …

… much super. When Chief Buthelezi was invited to Holland by four World Organisations, he accepted the invitation. … to undertake this trip, he was game. Again he is invited by the Black people in Namibia but he turns down the … as the same paternalistic attitude over the black people by Whitey. He (Whitey) always has instructed and we always …

… the most prosperous countries in French West Africa, but by the 1980s was crippled by world-wide recession and Houphouët-Boigny's reckless … threefold, crime rose dramatically in the capital, Abijan. By 1990, a strike of civil servants and students led to the …

… farmers for the land confiscated for resettlement by Black peasant farmers. Mugabe defended this move by stating that the land was never bought by the colonists. In spite of the fact that this outrageous …

… It was renamed as the South African Defence Force (SADF) by the passing of the Defence Act (No. 44) of 1957. … (ECC) was formed to end compulsory military service. By 1985, the ECC held a "Troops out of Townships" rally, in … on conscription was made clear.The government responded by banning the ECC in 1988. However, the following year the …