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ArchiveRadio Freedom: A History of South African Underground Radio by Chris A. Smith
… in a welter of languages from English to Zulu and Xhosa, blanketed the country at maximum power. Its …
The diary of Maria Tholo - December 16 - 1 January 1977 by Carol Hermer
… returned to her Guguletu house. Dry, crumbly porridge (Xhosa). Men, men to the border (Xhosa). Long, flat blade. They are finishing our children (Xhosa)…
Document 7 - The Freedom Charter
… mobilisation and solidarity in manyanos (unions) - a Xhosa term for the Methodist 8 and frequently used of the … Missionaries to southern Africa settled…
Armed struggle & the advancement of the student and labour movements, 1967-1976
… language spoken in Matabeleland was similar to Zulu and Xhosa, South African guerrillas would be able to communicate …
ArticleMandela and the South African Communist Party
… Bongco , firebombed the house of a councillor to the Xhosa royal house of Phalo for supporting the apartheid …
ArticleTimeline of South African photographic books and exhibitions 1958 - 2003
… photographers who submit an essay for the show, Blank - Architecture and Apartheid , which is commissioned by the …
A New Era for Africa in a Globalizing World, Unesco, Paris, 19 November 2003
… of this African initiative is to change the nature and architecture of the international governance system and …
PlaceUniversity of Pretoria
The foundational Years of the University of Pretoria were welcomed with great turmoil. In 1889, the Zuid Afrikaansche Republiek (ZAR) proposed that a…
Polokwane the Segregated city
… minister. The NP began passing laws that would provide the architecture for the apartheid system: the Population … for Congress as well as other activists…
ArticleGhallywood: An Evolution of Ghana’s Film Industry
Early Beginnings of the African Film Industry: During the British colonial rule over Kenya, Uganda, Northern Rhodesia, Nyasaland and the Gold Coast in the late…
Observatory - Steeped in History and Heritage by Patric Mallet
… to do... Brothers, we are drilling the death drill. I, a Xhosa, say you are my brothers, Swazis, Pondos, Basutos, we …
Nelson Mandela’s leadership: The early years (Part 1) by Raymond Suttner, 4 June 2018
… Thembu and insofar as he has wider links it is with other Xhosa speakers, not yet as an African. He had also been …
The First South African side to play in the sub-continent: Boer Prisoners of War in 1901 (Part 1 of 2) by Arunabha Sengupta (Cricket Country), 12 October 2015
… blacks sprang up first in Cape Town where the sons of the Xhosa Chiefs were educated in the Zonnenbloem College in the …
Interview with Ari Sitas, Of Socialism and Dentures by Jonathan Mandel, 10-11 April 2015
… and whether it can rise to its own challenge to create the architecture, the norms and rules of engagement in a … multilateral system but they are pushing…
ArticleHistory Grade 11 - Topic 4 Contextual Overview
Figure 1.1. With his call to put “America First”, Donald Trump is the latest recruit to a dangerous nationalism. Flagrantly authoritarian figures like Donald…
ArticleThe Cape Minstrels: Origins and Evolution of Tweede Nuwe Jaar (Second New Year) in the Cape
… culture of South Africa, with its new cuisine, its new architecture, its new music, its melodious forthright and …
ArticleArts and Crafts and reconstruction by Jillian Carman
… address the Teachers Congress in July 1902 on the topic ‘Architecture & education’. His views in this paper give …
ArticleAfrica, Portugal
… the Eastern Cape, many Khoikhoi people were absorbed into Xhosa society. Consequences on the indigenous society at the …
ArticleWomen’s resistance in the 1960s - Sharpeville and its aftermath
… cadre), it was “very difficult in exile to be completely a Xhosa group, or a Tswana group, even if you were in …
Epidemics Affect Everyone By Elron Kleinhans
The smallpox epidemic is one that has raged the world over, killing countless numbers of people and wiping out entire ethnic groups and cultures, such as many…
PlaceKaroo Hoogland Municipality in the Karoo Region, Northern Cape
… (solar, wind, potential shale-gas mining), in biodiversity conservation and commercial game farming are reshaping land …
The diary of Maria Tholo - September 4 - 19 by Carol Hermer
… all, and generally behave with decorum at all times. This Xhosa song was the favourite of the freedom songs at that … boycott. Literally 'We are living',…
PlaceCacadu District Municipality
… colonial names. Cacadu, meaning “bulrush water”, is the Xhosa name for the White Kei River, which rises in the …
Steve Biko: Gone but not forgotten by Robin Comley and Claire Keeton (Times Live), 12 September 2017
… way of communicating. We reversed letters in words (in Xhosa). Then I called Steve ‘Ntuba’ (for Bantu).” “The …
Address of the President of South Africa, Thabo Mbeki, at the Freedom Day Celebrations: Landsdown Stadium, Cape Town, April 27, 2008
… richness that comes from the meeting of Khoi, San, Xhosa, Malay, Dutch, French and English languages and …
Uncovering Josina Machel from obscurity: African women hidden in his-story by Ama Biney, 3 April 2014
… the Central African Republic). Similarly fields such as architecture, engineering, the sciences, philosophy, …
Apartheid stakeholders - where are they now?
From: A Crime Against Humanity - Analysing the Repression of the Apartheid State edited by Max Coleman South Africa can heave a collective sigh of relief that…
PlaceGhwarrie Poort
… buildings. In 1997 the entire village was proclaimed as a Conservation Area in the Government Gazette which gives it …
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1920s
… became secretary of the "Orlando Brotherly Society", a Xhosa organisation, which prompted an interest in tribal … returns to Johannesburg after undergoing…
America, Spanish conquest
… Mayas were conquered by the Toltecs, who absorbed Mayan architecture, art and religion. Even later, the Aztecs took …