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ArticleA history of prison labour in South Africa
… which was mainly executed through forced prison labour. By the late 1800s, the idea of imprisonment shifted with the … through the labour of prisoners. This…
ArticleThe Society of Young Africa (SOYA)
… held its opening conference on 20th December 1951. Led by I. B. Tabata , SOYA was closely linked to the Non European … A leaflet entitled uKwayo isiKrweqe ne…
ArticleIndian Passive Resistance in South Africa: 1946 - 1948
… treated nothing less than serfs. Their lot was aggravated by a lack of legislation to protect them. Notwithstanding … were nine licensed Indian, traders in…
ArticleBlack People’s Convention (BPC)
… that were undertaken under its auspices were carried out by formations that embraced BPC’s Black Consciousness (BC) philosophy. The Pro-Frelimo rally staged…
ArticleGandhi and the Passive Resistance Campaign 1907-1914
… The passive resistance campaigns led by MK Gandhi in South Africa had huge consequences not only … campaign of the 1960s). Gandhi himself was transformed by…
National Theatre Organisation (1947)
… as a resolution to the growing concerns brought up by some individuals as well as organisations that had … of South Africa ( FATSSA ) . FATSSA refused to be…
ArticleThe Mendi Decoration of Bravery
… including in trying to save the life of another person, or by saving property, in or outside the Republic of South … The ship sank after being struck and…
Article16 June 1976 - Soweto Uprising
… On 16 June 1976 between 3000 and 10 000 students mobilized by the South African Students Movement 's Action Committee supported by the BCM marched peacefully…
ArticleMaps of Africa through the centuries
… As Africa was largely unexplored by Europeans for many centuries the maps that were created were by and large grossly inaccurate. They are still a…
ArticleThe African Mine workers strike of 1946
… Introduction The strike by some 76,000 black miners in 1946 was one of the most significant examples of industrial action by black workers in South Africa…
Mission Stations - I-L
… have been known as the PROSPECT mission. It was visited by James Backhouse in February 1839 (p 226), who recorded it … 1851 ITAKA, Natal: HM ITEMBA , Cape:…
ArticleDifferences between Capitalism & Communism and why did it start in Russia?
… is democratic Property is privately owned Driven by free enterprise Wealth distributed unevenly Education and health care provided by private entities…
ArchiveWebinar Programme: Forward to Socialism/Socialist Futures (Panel 1). Convenor: Janet Cherry
… Revisiting SACP traditions of revolutionary critique by Pedro Mzileni** This paper argues that the African … paper will focus on four key policy programmes…
ArticleUnion, Segregation, apartheid and Democracy: From Union to non racial democracy
… dispensation began with the first election of 1910, led by the South African Native National Convention (SANNC) … the African National Congress (A.N.C.) in…
ArticleSefako Mapogo Makgatho Timeline 1861-1961
… which becomes the first union of teachers established by Africans in South Africa. 1908 Makgatho establishes an … the Union of South Africa into being. He is…
ArticleNdebele architecture and settlement patterns
… is also possible that this was a conscious decision taken by the Ndebele for political reasons, as the Pedi were never defeated by the Dutch and had managed…
ArticleSouth African Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU)
… from exploitation and oppression. The split was caused by different political and ideological affiliations. … politics. The passing of the Suppression of…
Rejuvenation of the ANC and intensification of the struggle 1940s
… to streamline the running of the ANC. This he accomplished by introducing new communication lines, improving the … In 1944, the ANC Youth League (ANCYL) was…
ArticleWorld War I
… the War began most of the world’s governments were ruled by imperial monarchies such as Tsarist Russia, Imperial Germany and the Austria-Hungarian Empire. By…
ArticleThe Black Consciousness Movement in South Africa
… ANC and the PAC. Black leaders, who were not imprisoned by the state, fled into exile. A barrage of restrictive … that was to become a force in the 1970s…
ArticleCape Youth Congress (CAYCO)
… underground members of the ANC and its military wing MK. By 1985 political violence sweeping across the country had … Crossroads between the youth under…
ArticleThe Black Sash: A History of Transformation
… This article was written by Ashley Schumacher and forms part of the SAHO and Southern … six white English speaking women were brought together by their…
First National Consultative Conference - Morogoro, 26 April 1969
… Intensify the Armed Struggle!" The Conference was attended by over seventy delegates from various centres representing … movement. The Conference was opened…
ArticleAfrican National Congress Youth League (ANCYL)
… Youth League (ANCYL) was established on 2 April 1944, by Anton Lambede (who became the League’s first President), … Mda , Walter Sisulu and Oliver Tambo …
ArticleThe Cattle Killing Movement
… or action and to give it meaning accordingly. Therefore, by recreating images and narratives of the past, history may … of 1856-7 lies beyond just its…
ArticleAfrican National Congress Timeline 1990-1999
… IFP, and in some cases between the ANC and those sponsored by the government. Significantly, the ANC suspended the armed … between government officials and…
ArticleGeneral South African History Timeline: 1930s
… being too close to the Communist Party, and is replaced by Pixley Seme . The formation of the Independent ANC Fietas, … Asiatic Land Tenure (Amendment) Bill…
ArticleFatima Meer Timeline 1928-2010
… areas in the country. The Indian community resisted by organising Satyagraha, the first since Gandhi's Satyagraha … immediately on the heels of the 1949…
ArticleThe Anti-Apartheid Movement Abroad 1906 - 1990
… was broadly defined in the law, thus allowing for abuse by the government to crack down on anti-apartheid movement … which banned people from moving around…
ArticleBlack Community Programmes (BCP)
… with the aims of the BCM, and using funds raised by Rev. Beyers Naude from European churches, BCP was launched … at 86 Bearice Street in Durban in the same…