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… not carried out during the hottest times of the year. [vii] As is commonplace in most slave societies in the world, … and J. Hoge, Volume 3 (Cape Town, 1921-1944), pg .183. ↵ [vii] Worden, Nigel. ‘Slavery at the Cape’ in the Oxford …

… conquered the Malinké people in the early 13th century  [vii] . The King known as Sundiata (also spelt Sunjata) … African History, IV, 3 (I963), pp. 34I-353. Page 341. ↵ [vii] C. 2009. Great Empires of the Past. Empires of Medieval …

… migrants and marched the individuals down to the local police station where they demanded that the foreigners be … same area. 2013 On 27 February 2013, eight South African police officers tied the 27 years old Mozambican man, Mido Macia, to the back of a police van and dragged him down the road. Subsequently, the …

… and in Sharpeville near Johannesburg. In Sharpeville the police got nervous, and opened fire on the crowd without … ANC and PAC. Various measures were introduced giving the police more power, and the police tried to catch leaders of MK. Mandela managed to slip …

… Women (FEDTRAW) sprang up. * Full image caption: "Police arrest UWO members, Cape Town, 1985. Leaders of the … during a march to protest against the massacre in which police killed twenty-two people in the Eastern Cape township of Langa. Eyewitnesses maintained that the police shot innocent people, part of a funeral procession, …

… Stadium. On their pathway they were met by heavily armed police who fired teargas and later live ammunition on … consequences for the Apartheid government. Images of the police firing on peacefully demonstrating students led an … started protesting for better education on 16 June 1976, police responded with teargas and live bullets. It is …

… their passes at home on the appointed date and gather at police stations around the country, making themselves … Pan Africanist Congress surrendered themselves at various police stations around the Country. At the press conference … first gathered in a field not far from the Sharpeville police station, when a sizable crowd of people had joined …

… Cillie Commission of Enquiry 575 people died. Police action resulted in 451 deaths. 3 907 people were injured. The police were responsible for 2 389 injuries. Both the death … were located in all four provinces and the homelands. A police witness said to the Cillie Commission that at least 46 …

… In October the government deployed special constables to police and patrol the area, but they began raiding, … were brutally assaulted and tortured at the Nyanga police station. This resulted in the destruction of CAYCO and … to late 80s CAYCO was at the forefront of battles with the police and army making possibly the most militant …

… a notorious Cape Flats drug dealer. PAGAD felt that the police were not doing enough to stop drug related crimes in … someone threw a firebomb at him and he burst into flames. Police officers doused the fire, but several masked men fired … He was also not prepared to turn his footage over to the police. Rashied Staggie, the brother of the executed drug …

… to facilitate the government’s fight against ‘terrorists,’ police used the law to pursue and prosecute various … those detained under the Terrorism Act reported abuse by police forces. Others died in detention. As law professor … to 1967, the most comprehensive, all-encompassing, and police-empowering piece of apartheid legislation , the Act …

… to the call. The day however, ended tragically when police started shooting, killing 19 and injuring 30. The ANC … the campaign was that jails would become too full and the police service would be thrown into chaos. Many were arrested … ideas. Clauses were accepted according to public support. Police watched over the events of the day, searched people on …

… criminals, and they should not have access to services and police protection. Foreigners are also blamed for their … migrants and marched the individuals down to the local police station where they demanded that the foreigners be … Rand. Nobody had been arrested for his horrible murder. Police closed the case on 27 October 2010 after concluding …

… against the apartheid system, and in that period police reportedly killed many protesters, including … schoolchildren. Workers then mobilised to protest police killings of innocent demonstrators. In the following … in a Pretoria detention cell. He had been detained by the police under the Terrorism Act, and after the Truth and …

… forces led by a Vlakplas based unit of the South African police shot and killed seven members of MK, the armed wing of … in Cape Town during a protest march against security police brutality towards demonstrators outside the St Georges … on 9 September 1989, more than 20people were killed by the police in African townships on the outskirts of Cape Town. An …

… schools. In the ensuing two-year countrywide uprising, the police killed many protesters including schoolchildren. In … were killed in political violence – more than half by the police. Under the provisions of the SOE, organisations could … be banned and meetings prohibited; the Commissioner of Police could impose restrictions on media coverage of the …

… knew as early as 1987 of a secret "hit squad" made up of police officers which was used to kill opponents of … unit, accused of political assassinations. 26 March, Police opened fire on anti-apartheid protesters in the … with the Government in protest against the shooting by the police of demonstrators in the township of Sebokeng. 1 April, …

… even though they were subjected to violent attacks by the police. On 27 August 1959 Naicker produced an article called … Conference (a week after Naicker’s other article), the police took vicious actions against the people demonstrating. … conducted by Naicker Mrs. Violet, a witness and victim of police brutality, attested to the fact that the non-violent …

… Party Cabinet's "complicity in the ensuing atrocities". "Police were taught that if deadly force was to quell a mob, … "It was thus highly likely that the commander of Orlando Police station, Colonel Kleingeld, fired two shots as …

… across the border in Morocco. 1963-1964 20 March, 1963, Police obtain information that Sisulu is an office bearer of … including the sabotage of railway lines, attacks on police stations and so on. 1979 The Year of the Spear, named … the hands of his captors. 1980 4 January, The Soekmekaar police station is attacked. The attack is aimed at a …

… has normalised violence and entrenched mistrust of the police services, the latter being one of the main obstacles … of traditional tribal cultures and mistrust of the police arising from the apartheid era. Firstly, it is vital … of violence within society but also mistrust of the police by women, meaning they are less inclined to report …

… 19 March, Samson Lukhele is arrested by the South African Police. 20 March , Security policemen arrive at Joseph Mdluli … in Lamontville and tell his wife that her husband died in police custody. 21 March, The ANC commemorates the 16th … 22 April, Stanley Nkosi is arrested by the South African Police. 1 July, Elias Masinga, a South African Student …

… the justice minister, the prime minister and chief of police, who made it clear that something extraordinary was … the situation. The regime’s threats were followed up with police raids on 19 September 1955. On that occasion I came … stood there, said nothing and waited as the security police agents searched every shelf, cupboard and drawer. They …

… passes at home and present themselves to be arrested by police, ends with police opening fire on the crowd in Sharpville, killing 69 … Poqo member and jailed for three months. The South African Police interrogate Steve Biko in connection with his …

… a window on the tenth floor of the John Vorster Square Police Office. The government claimed that he “committed … to move to the Transkei , which he refuses. Security police raid the Mandela home and this is followed by an … to protest against compulsory use of Afrikaans at schools. Police opened fire on marching students, killing …

… to house arrest, with time off to report twice daily to a police station. By comparison with straightforward detention … predictability of their movements in having to report to a police station. Already, 2 have been assassinated and several … unrest situations involving violence (often on the part of police or army) and face charges ranging from public violence …

… between 1976 - 1982 30/11/76  Skirmish with South African Police (SAP):  Eastern Transvaal Two SAP killed as arrested … hanged 24/02/77  SAP buildings:  Daveyton South African Police (SAP) Station. Bomb causes structural damage; no … Three members killed by SAP after throwing a grenade at a police patrol; one SAP injured 02/11/77  Skirmish with SAP: …

… students were called upon to march to John Vorster Square Police Station to demand the release of political detainees. … from different points in Soweto to John Vorster Square Police Station. One group of students was stopped by a police cordon outside New Canada Station, and another on the …

… march by Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC) supporters to the police station – in protest against the pass laws and calling … wage of 35 pounds – was turned into a massacre when police fired at the protestors, killing 69 people and … be the language of instruction at black secondary schools. Police opened fire on the pupils, who torched …

… that if the student protests did not end immediately, police would move onto campuses. The protests were called off … and white English-language universities leads to violent police action against demonstrators in Cape Town, … of St. George’s Cathedral in Cape Town is baton charged by police and by persons in plain clothes. 7 June, The Fort Hare …