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ArticleA history of the South African Constitution 1910-1996
The New Constitution was negotiated between May 1994 and October 1996 in the country's first democratically elected convention, the Constitutional Assembly…
Migrant Labour in Southern Africa: 1910-1970’s
ArticlePoqo in the Western Cape and Transkei in the early 1960s
The formation of the Pan Africanist Congress’ (PAC) Africanist Task Force (ATF) preceded the formation of party’s military wing Poqo in February 1960. After…
Why did so few Black South Africans make films before the 1990s?
There are less than a handful of black directors who made films before the 1990s. The reasons for this are the same reasons that kept black people out of other…
ArticleGrade 12 - How SA emerged as a democracy from the crises of the 1990s
During the 1980s, the apartheid government came under increasing internal pressure. The National Party attempted a political solution to the crisis it faced by…
ArticleTrade unionism blossoms and women become more assertive, 1930s
ArticleANC and the early development of apartheid 1948-1950s
In 1948 the Nationalist Party (NP) won the election, and began to introduce the policy of apartheid. The African National Congress (ANC) reacted immediately to…
ArticleNelson Mandela Awards 1960s - 2000s
Awards 1960s 1964 Elected Honorary President of the Students' Union, University College, London. 1965 Elected Honorary President of the Students'…
Women’s Food Committees in Cape Town during the 1940s
The political importance of women’s food committees in Cape Town during the 1940s has been emphasised by both Cheryl Walker and Tom Lodge. According to Lodge,…
ArticleThe banning of the South African Students Organisation (SASO) and student politics in the 1980s
In September and October 1977, the apartheid government stiffened its resolve to end the nationwide student unrest that broke out in Soweto in June 1976…
ArticleGrade 12 - The impact of the Cold War in forming the world as it was in the 1960s
The Cold War was the period of conflict and competition between the capitalist United States and the communist Soviet Union, and their respective allies. From…
ArticleA change to armed struggle and the state’s intensified repression 1960s
With no discernable change in government policies, some members of the African National Congress (ANC) began to move away from peaceful protest. The ANC…
Rejuvenation of the ANC and intensification of the struggle 1940s
In 1940, Alfred Xuma was elected the new president of the African National Congress (ANC), and a period of greater action was introduced. Xuma was still…
List of ANC and MK members killed in combat, 1990s
List of ANC and MK members killed in combat, 1980s
List of ANC and MK members killed in combat, 1970s
List of ANC and MK members killed in combat, 1960s
Growing social unrest: Community mobilisation, strikes and student protests in the Western Cape in the 1980s
The late 1970s witnessed increased labour unrest in the region of the Western Cape. For instance, the Fattis and Monis strike and boycott, Saldanha Bay fish…
ArticleFootball in South Africa
… and football and boxing by Blacks. Between the 1880s and 1910s, African, Indian, and Coloured football associations …
ArticleLiberation history Timeline 1910-1919
ArticleTimeline of State Action Against the Press in the 1960s
1960 Mar- Norman Phillips of the Toronto Star was detained 3 and '/2 days for trying to cable a story about a police attack on Nyanga, Cape Town. The report…
Conference Programme: The Durban Moment - Revisiting Politics, Labour, Youth and Resistance in the 1970s
The impact of the collapse of the USSR on re-imagining African nations in the 1990s
ArticleCurries Fountain events timeline
1870s-1880s Discovery of a reliable water source. "To the present generation Currie's Fountain is but a name which marks the recreation grounds below Botanic…
ArticleMusic and culture as forms of resistance
Music Music was a central feature of the urban culture that developed in Johannesburg and in Sophiatown in particular. It was here that the most important…
ArticleThe development of Music in South Africa timeline 1600-2004
1600s In the Dutch colonial era, from the 17th century on, indigenous tribes people and slaves imported from the east adapted Western musical instruments…
ArticleThe Land Act, Traditional Authorities and the Native Affairs Department (NAD) 1913-1953
… Transkei. In some cases such practices are reported in the 1910s. In Mzimkulu in 1916 it was reported that all the best …
ArticleNatal Indian Congress (NIC)
The NIC (Natal Indian Congress) was the first of the Indian Congresses to be formed. It was established in 1894 by Mahatma Gandhi to fight discrimination…
ArticleTransvaal Indian Congress (TIC)
The TIC (Transvaal Indian congress) was first called the TBIA (Transvaal British Indian Association) which was founded in 1903. The organization was later…
ArticleA Short History of ESKOM, Part 1 (1923-2001)
This short history of Electrical Supply Commission (ESKOM) aims to provide an overview of the history of the power utility over its first seventy-eight years…