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January 8th Statements - Statement of the National Executive Committee on the occasion of the 68th Anniversary of the ANC - 8 January 1980
Let Us Rise to the Occasion Speech by Comrade President, O.R. Tambo on the occasion of January 8th, 1980, 68th anniversary of the African National Congress…
Book 1: Ancient Civilizations and Global Trade - Chapter 2 - The Beginnings of Globalisation by Jeff Guy
From the book: Book 1: Ancient Civilizations and Global Trade commissioned by The Department of Education Turning points in history are not fixed. We decide…
ArticlePaper abstracts and biographies of speakers
NameKoni Benson & Asher GamedzeOrganisationUniversity of Cape Town Biography Asher Gamedze currently cuts up most of his time between playing music, studying…
Article1960's Diaries of Nelson Mandela on his trip through Africa
“The time comes in the life of a nation when there remain only two choices –submit or fight”. In 2005 Dr Garth Benneyworth (Sol Plaatje University) located a…
ArticleThe People’s Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN)
A Brief Overview The People’s Liberation Army of Namibia (PLAN) was an armed wing of the South West Africa People’s Organization (SWAPO), the major liberation…
ArticleHerero Revolt 1904-1907
Present day Namibia was once a part of the imperial German empire. As was common during the scramble for Africa in the latter half of the nineteenth century,…
ArticleThe Nelson Mandela Presidency - 1994 to 1999
In 1991, Nelson Mandela was elected the president of the African National Congress (ANC), and his friend and colleague, Oliver Tambo, was elected the ANC’s…
ArticleRace and ethnicity in South Africa
Race and ethnicity have been and still is at the heart of South African history, politics, society and economy since the European colonisation. South Africa…
ArticleThe South African general elections: 1994
In September 1993, the South African legislature approved the setting up of a multiparty Transitional Executive Council (TEC) to manage South Africa’s…
ArticleBatavian Republic 1803-1806
After the French Revolution, the newly founded Republic of France conquered the Netherlands in 1795. The Netherlands became known as the Batavian Republic and…
ArticleBlack South African literature
The origins of Black South African literature in English lie in the Eastern Cape. The Glasgow Missionary Society founded the school of Lovedale at Alice in the…
Pledging to Debate History: Values and education
This article deals with values and education in South Africa, and more specifically the proposed 'pledge'. Please read the article and send us your comments on…
ArticleA history of prison labour in South Africa
Prison labour has a particularly debatable history in South Africa. Historically, South Africa operated on the understanding that prisons were places of…
Apartheid - A Crime Against Humanity: The Unfolding of Total Strategy 1948-1989
The content of this article was taken from the book A Crime Against Humanity - Analysing the Repression of the Apartheid State edited by Max Coleman, (Cape…
In summary: Factors resulting in the crisis
The emergence of South Africa's democracy in the 1990s The crisis of apartheid in the 1980s Factors contributing to the crisis: * A global economic crisis:…
ArticleThe spread of these ideas to Europe and Australia
The indigenous inhabitants of Australia The continent of Australia was settled about 60,000 years ago. Before European settlement, most of the inhabitants of…
ArticleFreedom Charter timeline 1948-1961
1948 26 May, DF Malan's National Party government follows up its election victory with the introduction of new apartheid laws as well as the stricter…
ArticleThe Society of Young Africa (SOYA)
The Society of Young Africa (SOYA) held its opening conference on 20th December 1951. Led by I. B. Tabata, SOYA was closely linked to the Non European Unity…
ArticlePondoland revolt - 1950 - 1961
The Pondo people fiercely resisted the rise of the Colonisersand their attempts to reshape and re-engineer Pondoland and to co-opt their Chiefs. Violence…
Pridekit - Enoch Sontonga
The origins of Enoch Sontonga and the song he wrote, Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika are humble and rather obscure. Enoch Sontonga, from the Mpinga clan, of the Xhosa…
Speech by Oliver Tambo at dinner hosted in his honour by the Minister of External Affairs of India, Mr. P.V. Narasimha, 21 January 1983, Rao, New Delhi
Honourable Ministers and Members of Parliament, Your Excellencies, Members of the Diplomatic Corps, Distinguished Guests, Representatives of the National…
ArchiveHugh Lewin obituary by Peter Hain (www.theguardian.com), 21 January 2019
In 1959, Hugh Lewin, who has died aged 79, joined the South African Liberal party: shortly afterwards it became the only legal non-racial political party in…
PlacePhilippolis, Free State
"The first Historical Settlement North of the Orange River, this Southern Free State Town also belongs to the False Karoo, a Geographical Region of dry scrub…
ArchiveThoughts on Winnie Mandela by Enuga Reddy
Winnie Mandela and Fatima Meer were in prison together and became close friends. Winnie wrote an introduction to the book "Fatima Meer: Memories of Struggle,"…
Address to the National Assembly of the Republic of Hungary Budapest, 3 May 1999
Mr Speaker; Honourable Members of the Hungarian national Assembly. It is indeed a very great honour to stand before the elected representatives of the…
Address by President Nelson Mandela North West stadium Welkom, 27 August 1995
1. Introduction - The Launch of the Manifesto 1.1 It is with great pleasure that I stand before you today during this important phase in the democratisation…
Nelson Mandela Letter to the United Party, 23 May 1961
Letter Wrttten by Nelson Mandela to Sir de Villiers Graaff, Leader of the White Opposition United Party, 23 May 1961. Sir De Villiers Graaff, Leader of the…
Chapter 3 - Historical Lesotho
From the book: Le Rona Re Batho (An account of the 1982 Maseru Massacre) by Phyllis Naidoo, South Africa, 1992 By December 1982, the government of Lesotho…
PlaceTulbagh, Western Cape
On 1 February 1808 the territory North of the Great Berg river was annexed to the new District of Tulbagh, and declared a separate sub-drostdy with its…
January 8th Statements - Statement of the National Executive Committee on the occasion of the 76th Anniversary of the ANC - 8 January 1988
Compatriots, Once more it is January 8th, the anniversary of your movement, the African National Congress. Today we observe its 76th year of active struggle…